中国组织工程研究

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

肌肉丢失、运动干预及肌肉重建

朱志锋   

  1. 南京医科大学体育部,江苏省南京市  210029
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-04 修回日期:2013-03-08 出版日期:2013-08-13 发布日期:2013-08-13
  • 作者简介:朱志锋★,男,1978年生,江苏省南京市人,汉族,2003年南京体育学院毕业,硕士,副教授,主要从事体育健康教育方面的研究。 rhedu@126.com

Sarcopenia, exercise and muscle reconstruction

Zhu Zhi-feng   

  1. Nanjing Medical University Sport Headquarter, Nanjing  210029, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2013-03-04 Revised:2013-03-08 Online:2013-08-13 Published:2013-08-13
  • About author:Zhu Zhi-feng★, Master, Associate professor, Nanjing Medical University Sport Headquarter, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China rhedu@126.com

摘要:

背景:肌肉丢失是老年人肌肉质量随增龄而减少的现象,它与老年人肌肉功能退化有着密切的关系。近年来,对于肌肉丢失的机制及其运动干预效果研究有了许多新进展。
目的:就肌肉丢失细胞水平的机制研究及其运动干预效果进行综述。
方法:应用计算机检索CNKI 期刊全文数据库(2000年1月至2012年12月)和PubMed数据库(2010年1月至2012年12月) 有关肌肉丢失及老年抗阻训练的文献,检索词分别为“肌肉丢失,肌肉蛋白质代谢,肌细胞,衰老,抗阻训练”和“sarcopenia,muscle,resistance training,aging,portein motablism。纳入与肌肉丢失、蛋白质代谢、抗阻训练相关的研究,排除陈旧、重复以及缺乏可信度的文献,最终纳入58篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:抗阻训练可以在一定程度上抑制肌肉丢失,使老年人肌肉质量增加,促进运动单位重组,但重组仅限于Ⅱa型和Ⅱb型纤维之间的相互转化;抗阻训练结合蛋白质补充可以有效促进老年人肌肉重建;老年人抗阻训练后的肌肉合成代谢反应较年轻人迟缓,但炎性反应较年轻人剧烈,而Omega-3对于消除这种炎性反应具有较好的作用。

关键词: 组织构建, 组织构建综述, 肌肉丢失, 抗阻训练, 肌纤维类型, 肌肉蛋白代谢, 衰老, 运动干预, 神经-肌肉功能, 运动单位重组

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is the muscle loss in the elderly with aging, and it is closely related to the degradation of muscle function in the elderly. The research on the mechanism of sarcopenia as well as effect of movement intervention is developed.
OBJECTIVE: To summary the mechanisms of sarcopenia cell level as well as the effect of movement intervention.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieval was conducted on CNKI database and PubMed database for literatures on sarcopenia and elderly resistance training from January 2000 to December 2012. The key words were “sarcopenia, muscle, resistance training, aging, protein metabolism”. The literatures on sarcopenia, protein metabolism and resistance training were included, and the obsolete and repetitive literatures and the literatures lack of credibility were excluded. Finally, 58 literatures were included for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Resistance training can inhibit sarcopenia to a certain extent, so that to increase muscle mass in the elderly and promote the recombinant of motor units. But the recombinant is limited to the mutual conversion between the type Ⅱa and Ⅱb fibers. Resistance training combined with protein supplement can effectively promote elderly muscle reconstruction; the elderly muscle anabolic response confrontation reaction after resistance training is slower than young people, but the inflammatory response after training is stronger than younger people. However, Omega-3 has a good effect on the elimination of such inflammatory response.

Key words: tissue construction, tissue construction review, sarcopenia, resistance training, type of muscle fibers, muscle protein metabolism, aging, exercise intervention, nerve-muscle function, motor unit remodeling

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