中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (17): 3073-3080.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.17.005

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换应用股神经阻滞镇痛与自控静脉镇痛的系统评价

张启栋,刘朝晖,程立明,曹三利,徐广春,路玉峰,郭万首   

  1. 卫生部中日友好医院骨关节外科,北京市 100029
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-22 修回日期:2013-01-30 出版日期:2013-04-23 发布日期:2013-04-23
  • 通讯作者: 郭万首,博士,主任医师,卫生部中日友好医院骨关节外科,北京市 100029
  • 作者简介:张启栋☆,男,1982年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,北京协和医学院在读博士,主要从事骨关节外科方面的研究。 tjzhqd@163.com

Systemic evaluation of femoral nerve block analgesia and patient controlled intravenous analgesia in pain control after total knee arthroplasty

Zhang Qi-dong, Liu Zhao-hui, Cheng Li-ming, Cao San-li, Xu Guang-chun, Lu Yu-feng, Guo Wan-shou   

  1. Department of Joint Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2013-01-22 Revised:2013-01-30 Online:2013-04-23 Published:2013-04-23
  • Contact: Guo Wan-shou, Doctor, Chief physician, Department of Joint Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • About author:Zhang Qi-dong☆, Studying for doctorate, Department of Joint Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China tjzhqd@163.com

摘要:

背景:目前对全膝关节置换围手术期采用何种镇痛方法的效果差异存在争议。
目的:系统评价全膝关节置换术中应用股神经阻滞镇痛与患者自控静脉镇痛的疗效和安全性。
方法:全面搜索国内外关于全膝关节置换中应用股神经阻滞镇痛和患者自控静脉镇痛的随机对照研究资料,按照既定的纳入、排除标准,核定检出符合评价标准的文献,提取所需研究数据,采用RevMan 5.0.18软件进行Meta分析。评价指标包括术后24,48 h静息和活动时的目测类比评分、恶心呕吐胃肠道症状发生率、嗜睡等镇静过度发生率以及患者满意率。
结果与结论:纳入随机对照研究19篇,样本共计952膝,股神经阻滞组和患者自控静脉镇痛组分别为481膝和471膝。荟萃分析加权后,股神经阻滞与患者自控静脉镇痛相比,术后24,48 h静息和活动目测类比评分均较低(P < 0.05),无论是单次股神经阻滞还是连续股神经阻滞,差异均有显著性意义。在并发症发生率方面,股神经阻滞术后恶心呕吐及嗜睡发生率低于患者自控静脉镇痛(P < 0.05)。结果提示,全膝关节置换术中采用股神经阻滞镇痛,无论是镇痛效果还是并发症发生率都优于患者自控静脉镇痛,且股神经阻滞镇痛患者满意度较高。但二者间的比较仍需大规模多中心的随机对照试验来进一步研究。

关键词: 骨关节植入物, 骨与关节循证医学, 人工假体, 全膝关节置换, 镇痛, 股神经阻滞, 患者自控静脉镇痛, 目测类比评分, 并发症, Meta分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: There is controversial on perioperative analgesic options of total knee arthroplasty.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of femoral nerve block analgesia and patient controlled intravenous analgesia in total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: Randomized controlled trials on the application of femoral nerve block analgesia and patient controlled intravenous analgesia in total knee arthroplasty, and the literatures that met the evaluation criteria were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in order to extract the required research data. The Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.0.18 software. The evaluation indicators included the visual analog scale during postoperative 24 hours, 48 hours resting and activities period, the incidence rate of nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as the incidence rate of lethargy and other excessive sedation and the satisfaction rate.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nineteen randomized controlled trials with 952 knees were included. There were 481 knees in the femoral nerve block analgesia group and 471 knees in the patient controlled intravenous analgesia group. After weighted Meta-analysis, the visual analog scale during postoperative 24 hours and 48 hours resting and activities period in the femoral nerve block analgesia group was lower than that in the patient controlled intravenous analgesia group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in single femoral nerve block and continuous femoral nerve block. For the incidence of complications, the incidence rate of nausea, vomiting and gastrointestinal symptoms in the femoral nerve block analgesia group were lower than those in the patient controlled intravenous analgesia group (P < 0.05). Femoral nerve block analgesia was superior to patient controlled intravenous analgesia in postoperative analgesia and incidence of complications for patient having total knee arthroplasty, and the femoral nerve block analgesia has higher satisfaction. However, large-scale multi-center randomized controlled trials are required to evaluate the difference between femoral nerve block analgesia and patient controlled intravenous analgesia.

Key words: bone and joint implants, artificial prosthesis, total knee arthroplasty, analgesia, femoral nerve block, patient controlled intravenous analgesia, visual analog scale score, complications, Meta-analysis

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