中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (32): 5151-5157.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1399

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

金属3D打印个性化股骨假体和4种类型标准化假体的生物力学对比

刘宏伟1,蒋俊锋2,张云坤1,徐南伟1,王彩梅3,张  文4
  

  1. 1南京医科大学附属常州第二人民医院骨科,江苏省常州市  213003;2河海大学物联网工程学院,江苏省常州市  213022;3北京爱康宜诚股份有限公司,北京市  102200;4苏州大学骨科研究所,江苏省苏州市   215006
  • 出版日期:2019-11-18 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 蒋俊锋,副教授,河海大学物联网工程学院,江苏省常州市 213022
  • 作者简介:刘宏伟,男,1973年生,江苏省常州市人,汉族,2009年苏州大学毕业,博士,副教授,主任医师,主要从事关节外科的临床和基础研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学面上基金资助项目(61772172),项目参与人:刘宏伟|常州市卫计委重大项目资助课题(ZD201617),项目负责人:刘宏伟

Biomechanical comparison of personalized titanium femoral prosthesis fabricated by three-dimensional printing to four types of cementless prosthesis

Liu Hongwei1, Jiang Junfeng2, Zhang Yunkun1, Xu Nanwei1, Wang Caimei3, Zhang Wen4
  

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China; 2College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hehai University, Changzhou 213022, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Beijing AI-Kang Yicheng Limited Company, Beijing 102200, China; 4Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2019-11-18 Published:2019-11-18
  • Contact: Jiang Junfeng, Associate professor, College of Internet of Things Engineering, Hehai University, Changzhou 213022, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Liu Hongwei, MD, Associate professor, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 61772172 (to LHW)| the Major Project Funding Project of Changzhou Municipal Health Planning Commission, No. ZD201617 (to LHW)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
高能电子束熔融金属3D打印:是通过发射高能电子束选择性熔融钛合金粉末,层层堆积完成金属件打印的一种增材制造技术,具有快速、精准、智能、个性化制造的特点。能够打印一体化的金属表面三维微孔结构,其力学强度介于铸造和锻造之间,在个性化精准医疗及植入体界面骨长入有独特的应用价值。
个性化股骨假体:和传统的标准化股骨假体设计和减材制造理念不同,个性化股骨假体是根据具体的股骨髓腔形态量身定做,因此是最符合个体需求的假体,具有磨锉骨量最少、节省手术时间、减少出血量等优势。尤其是金属3D技术的发展为个性化股骨假体的研发提供了更多的技术支持。
 
 
摘要
背景:蓬勃发展的金属3D打印增材制造技术为骨科个性化假体的研制带来了全新的机遇,但其生物力学性能是否能满足临床需求尚待深入研究。
目的:探讨高能电子束熔融金属3D打印个性化股骨假体相对于SR组配柄、矩形柄、柱形柄、锥形柄的生物力学优缺点。
方法:分别将3D打印个性化股骨假体、SR组配柄、柱形柄、矩形柄、锥形柄的三维扫描stl格式数据导入UG 8.0建模,修补坏点及空洞。按临床手术要求进行虚拟截骨,置入数字化股骨假体。采用Ansys 10.0软件对5种股骨假体进行有限元网格及节点划分,对假体材料分别赋值。分别模拟双足静止站立、缓慢行走2种状态,对比5种股骨假体在界面应力、初始微动以及应力遮挡率3个方面的差异。
结果与结论:(1)最大应力对比:①双足静止站立:3D打印个性化股骨假体正应力略高于锥形柄(10.83%),较SR组配柄、矩形柄、锥形柄正应力分别低45.65%,15.20%,41.18%;个性化股骨假体剪切应力较SR组配柄、矩形柄、柱形柄、锥形柄分别低58.53%,38.91%,15.64%,37.55%;②缓慢行走:3D打印个性化股骨假体正应力较SR组配柄低,较3种标准柄高;剪切应力较SR组配柄、矩形柄低(25.78%、62.50%),较柱形柄、锥形柄高(35.74%,15.82%);(2)应力遮挡率:①双足静止站立:3D打印个性化股骨假体对股骨近端有着最小的应力遮挡率,比SR组配柄、矩形柄、柱形柄、锥形柄分别低约56.21%,41.88%,23.92%和17.98%;②缓慢行走:个性化股骨假体应力遮挡率比SR组配柄、矩形柄、柱形柄、锥形柄分别低56.84%,31.10%,20.45%,16.69%;(3)假体微动:①双足静止站立:3D打印个性化股骨假体水平微动较其他股骨柄大,最大值26.4 μm,在骨长入的微动范围内,垂直微动均较其余4种柄低;②缓慢行走:3D打印个性化假体的水平微动较其他柄大,最大值172 μm;垂直微动较柱形柄略低(1.45%),较SR组配柄、矩形柄、锥形柄略高(16.10%,23.67%,1.54%);(4)提示高能电子束熔融金属3D打印个性化股骨假体对股骨近端的应力遮挡率低于其他4种类型标准股骨柄,界面应力分布优于SR组配柄,缓慢行走时初始微动略高于其他标准柄,但在骨长入范围内。

ORCID: 0000-0002-0298-3149(刘宏伟)

关键词: 股骨假体, 金属3D打印, 有限元分析, 生物力学, 应力遮挡, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The vigorous development of metal three-dimensional (3D) printing additional manufacturing technology has brought new opportunities for the development of personalized prosthesis in orthopedics, but whether its biomechanical properties meet the clinical needs remains to be further studied.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the biomechanical characteristics of titanium femoral prosthesis fabricated by electron beam melting 3D metal printing to four types of cementless prosthesis as SR modular prosthesis, rectangular prosthesis, cylindrical prosthesis and tapered prosthesis.  
METHODS: The STL files of personalized femoral prosthesis, SR modular prosthesis, cylindrical prosthesis, rectangle prosthesis and tapered femoral prosthesis were exported to UG 8.0 software. Three-dimensional model was reconstructed and bad point and cavity were repaired to get the satisfied 3D STL format files. The digitized femoral prosthesis was implanted into femoral medullary cavity in accordance with the standard operative requirements. The five femoral prostheses with finite element mesh and node were divided by using Ansys 10.0 software and the prosthetic materials were assigned. The biomechanical characteristics of the five kinds of femoral prosthesis including stress distribution, interface stress, initial micromovement and stress shielding in simulating two states as bipedal standing still and walking slowly were compared.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Stress distribution: When standing still with double feet, positive stress of 3D printing personalized femoral prosthesis was only slightly higher than the tapered prosthesis (10.83%). Compared with SR modular prosthesis, the positive stresses of rectangle prosthesis and tapered femoral prosthesis were lower 45.65%, 15.20% and 41.18%, respectively. Compared with the SR modular prosthesis, personalized femoral prosthesis shear stresses of rectangle prosthesis, cylindrical prosthesis and tapered femoral prosthesis were lower 58.53%, 38.91%, 15.64% and 37.55%. When in low-speed walking condition, the positive stress of personalized prosthesis was lower than SR modular prosthesis and higher than the other three types of standardized prosthesis. Shear stress was lower than SR and rectangular prosthesis (25.78%, 62.50%) and higher than cylindrical and tapered prostheses (35.74%, 15.82%). (2) Stress shielding: When standing still with double feet, the rate of proximal stress shielding of personalized femoral prosthesis was minimum, lower than the SR, rectangular, cylindrical and tapered prostheses about 56.21%, 41.88%, 23.92% and 17.98%, respectively. When in low-speed walking condition, the rate of proximal stress shielding of personalized femoral prosthesis was minimum, lower than the SR, rectangular, cylindrical and tapered prostheses about 56.84%, 31.10%, 20.45% and 16.69%, respectively. (3) Prosthesis micromotion: When standing still with double feet, horizontal micromotion of personalized femoral prosthesis was higher than the other femoral stems, the maximum value was  26.4 μm, in the micromotion range of bone ingrowth; the vertical micromotion was lower than the other four prostheses. When in low-speed walking condition, the horizontal micromotion femoral prosthesis was higher than the other femoral prosthesis, the maximum micromotion value was 172 μm; the vertical micromotion was slightly lower than cylindrical prosthesis (1.45%) and slightly higher than SR, rectangular, and tapered prostheses (16.10%, 23.67%, 1.54%) respectively. (4) The stress shielding of proximal femur by electron beam melting metal 3D printing femoral prosthesis is lower than that of the other four types of standard prosthesis and stress distribution is better than SR modular prosthesis. The initial micromovement is slightly higher than that of other standard prosthesis, but it is within the range of bone in-growth.

Key words: femoral prosthesis, three-dimensional metal printing, finite element analysis, biomechanics, stress shielding, the National Natural Science Foundation of China

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