中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 329-333.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2942

• 骨与关节生物力学Bone and joint biomechanics •    下一篇

内侧支撑髓内钉置入支撑治疗严重骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折的力学稳定性

聂少波1, 2,李建涛1, 2,孙基恩3,赵  喆4,赵燕鹏1, 2,张里程1, 2,唐佩福1, 2   

  1. 1中国人民解放军总医院骨科,北京市   100853;2国家骨科与运动康复临床医学研究中心,北京市  100853;3山东威高骨科材料股份有限公司,山东省威海市   264200;4北京清华长庚医院,北京市   102218
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-10 修回日期:2020-03-14 接受日期:2020-04-15 出版日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 唐佩福,主任医师,教授,中国人民解放军总医院骨科,北京市 100853;国家骨科与运动康复临床医学研究中心,北京市 100853
  • 作者简介:聂少波,男,1981年生,北京市人,汉族,解放军医学院在读博士,主治医师,主要从事创伤骨科及骨质疏松性骨折方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2016-1-5012)

Mechanical stability of medial support nail in treatment of severe osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture

Nie Shaobo1, 2, Li Jiantao1, 2, Sun Jien3, Zhao Zhe4, Zhao Yanpeng1, 2, Zhang Licheng1, 2, Tang Peifu1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; 2National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China; 3Shandong WeiGao Orthopedic Material Limited liability Company, Weihai 264200, Shandong Province, China; 4Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
  • Received:2020-03-10 Revised:2020-03-14 Accepted:2020-04-15 Online:2021-01-28 Published:2020-11-16
  • Contact: Tang Peifu, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
  • About author:Nie Shaobo, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing 100853, China
  • Supported by:
    the Capital Health Development Research Project, No. 2016-1-5012

摘要:


文题释义:

股骨内侧支撑髓内钉:是总结既往不稳定性股骨转子间骨折内固定失效的危险因素后,根据股骨内侧支撑难以有效重建的难题设计的重建股骨内侧支撑的一种髓内钉,在股骨内侧皮质髓腔内增加螺钉占位,分担头钉应力的同时增加对头颈骨块的内支撑作用,限制头颈骨块内翻,保留了头钉滑动加压的功能。
严重骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折:骨质疏松影响了内固定的强度,削弱了内固定的稳定性,很容易导致内固定失效。随着老龄化社会的到来,股骨转子间骨折患者年纪越来越大,骨质疏松程度更加严重,因此对严重骨质疏松性骨折的研究,可以为老龄化社会提供理论支撑。

背景:内侧支撑髓内钉通过重建股骨内侧支撑的方法恢复了股骨近端的三角稳定结构,早期的有限元分析及生物力学显示其稳定性优于现在常用的股骨近端防旋髓内钉,但是在严重骨质疏松模型中的具体表现尚不明确。
目的:比较内侧支撑髓内钉和股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定治疗严重骨质疏松且内侧失支撑股骨转子间骨折的生物力学差异。
方法:利用严重骨质疏松人工骨构建内侧失支撑的股骨转子间骨折模型,采用内侧支撑髓内钉和股骨近端防旋髓内钉分别固定后进行轴向破坏和扭转破坏实验,记录两者在轴向和扭转载荷作用下的轴向刚度和扭转刚度等数据。
结果与结论:①轴向破坏实验显示,内侧支撑髓内钉组的极限载荷、屈服载荷及轴向刚度稍大于股骨近端防旋髓内钉组,但组间比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②扭转破坏实验显示,内侧支撑髓内钉组的扭转刚度大于股骨近端防旋髓内钉组(P < 0.05);③结果表明,内侧支撑髓内钉的力学稳定性尤其是抗扭转性能优于股骨近端防旋髓内钉,可能是严重骨质疏松性股骨转子间骨折治疗时不错的选择。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1053-3196(聂少波) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 螺钉, 髓内钉, 股骨, 转子间骨折, 内侧支撑, 生物力学, 骨质疏松

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The medial support nail restored the triangular stable structure of the proximal femur through the reconstruction of the medial femoral support. The early finite element analysis and biomechanics showed that the stability of the nail was better than that of the commonly used proximal femoral nail antirotation, but the specific performance in the model of severe osteoporosis was unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the biomechanical differences between medial support nail and proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of severe osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures without medical support.
METHODS: The medial unsupported intertrochanteric fracture model was made of artificial bone with severe osteoporosis. Axial and torsional failure experiments were conducted after the medial support nail and the proximal femoral nail antirotation were respectively fixed, and the axial stiffness and torsional stiffness of the two under axial and torsional loads were recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Axial failure experiment showed that the ultimate load  yield load and axial stiffness of the medial support nail group were all greater than those of the proximal femoral nail antirotation group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P  > 0.05). (2) The torsional failure experiment showed that the torsional stiffness of the medial support nail group was higher than that of the proximal femoral nail antirotation group (P < 0.05). (3) The findings confirmed that the mechanical stability of the medial support nail, especially torsion resistance, is better than that of the proximal femoral nail antirotation, which may be a good choice for the treatment of severe osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture.

Key words: bone, screw, intramedullary nail, femur, intertrochanteric fracture, medial support, biomechanics, osteoporosis

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