中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (19): 3074-3079.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1253

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

过度疲劳状态模型大鼠心脏功能及心肌细胞凋亡调控因子的变化

徐  文,钱  钰,殷  劲   

  1. (成都体育学院附属体育医院,四川省成都市  610041)
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-25 出版日期:2019-07-08 发布日期:2021-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 殷劲,硕士,教授,成都体育学院附属体育学院,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:徐文,女,1972年生,重庆市人,汉族,1997年重庆医科大学毕业,副主任技师,主要从事临床检验工作。

Changes of cardiac function and myocardial apoptosis regulatory factors in rat models of excessive fatigue

Xu Wen, Qian Yu, Yin Jin   

  1. (Sports Hospital Affiliated to Chengdu Sports Institute, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China)
  • Received:2018-12-25 Online:2019-07-08 Published:2021-04-28
  • Contact: Yin Jin, Master, Professor, Sports Hospital Affiliated to Chengdu Sports Institute, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Xu Wen, Associate chief technician, Sports Hospital Affiliated to Chengdu Sports Institute, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
超量恢复:运动时消耗的能源物质及各器官、系统的功能恢复得超过原有的水平,该现象称为超量恢复。超量恢复保持一段时间后又回到原有水平。
超量恢复区间:糖酵解供能的“真假超量区间”理论认为,在周期性训练中,内脏器官、糖酵解供能能力、应激及运动能力等存在正叠加[(1-5)×36 h]区间,正、负叠加转折点第[(6)×36 h]区间、负叠加[(7-9) ×36 h]区间的过程。
摘要
背景:
力竭运动是超出人或动物生理极限的运动,强烈的运动刺激会打破机体原有的稳态,从而引起一系列应激反应,过度应激会出现损伤和功能异常。
目的:通过大鼠心肌细胞运动性疲劳模型分析导致运动性心脏猝死的相关因素。
方法:130只SD大鼠购自成都达硕生物科技公司。随机选取7只大鼠作为空白组对照,其余大鼠为疲劳模型,对大鼠进行游泳训练,每36 h训练1次,连续训练致过度疲劳。建模成功后出现超量恢复的负叠加状态即为过度疲劳状态,并分别训练3×36 h,6×36 h,9×36 h后,随机处死各7只大鼠,分别记录为疲劳组 A组,疲劳组B组和疲劳组C组;训练过程中或训练结束24 h死亡的大鼠(排除因呛水死亡的大鼠)记为运动性猝死组。TUNEL法检测大鼠心肌细胞凋亡;免疫组织化学方法心肌组织Bax、Bcl-2表达;苏木精-伊红染色观察细胞形态变化。
结果与结论:①在猝死组中,心肌纤维与其余组相比较为纤细,部分肌纤维出现断裂,血管极度扩张,心肌出现严重坏死伴随充血出血;②疲劳组及猝死组心肌细胞凋亡指数、心肌细胞凋亡数量都出现明显的增长(P < 0.05);③当处于过度疲劳状态时,大鼠心脏组织中的促凋亡蛋白数量明显增加(P < 0.05),抑制凋亡蛋白Bcl-2表达明显下降(P < 0.01);④结果提示,连续训练而导致大鼠处于过度疲劳状态,会引发大鼠心肌细胞形态结构方面的变化,甚至导致损害,此时心肌组织中所含有的Bcl-2和Bax蛋白会出现异常表达情况。由于心肌细胞受到损害而导致心肌细胞凋亡,数量明显减少,进而影响整体心脏的结构以及功能,最终导致心源性运动性猝死。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-2488-6534(徐文)

关键词: 运动性疲劳, 过度疲劳, 心肌细胞凋亡, Bax, Bcl-2, 促凋亡蛋白, 心源性猝死

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Exhaustive exercise is a movement that exceeds the physiological limits of humans or animals. High-intensity motor exercise can disturb the homeostasis, causing a series of stress reactions, and excessive stress can lead to damage and dysfunction.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the related factors to sudden cardiac death by exercise-induced fatigue model of rat cardiomyocytes.
METHODS: One hundred and thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were provided by Chengdu Dashuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Seven rats were randomly selected to as blank control group, and the remaining rats were used to establish the fatigue model (continuous swimming training, 36 hours per times). Then the negative superposition state of over-recovery was the state of over-fatigue. Seven rats were sacrificed and recorded as fatigue groups A, B and C after 3x36 hours, 6x36 hours and 9x36 hours of training, respectively. The rats died during training or within 24 hours after training (excluding inhaled water) regarded as exercise-induced sudden death group. Apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected by TUNEL. Bax and Bcl-2 expression in myocardium was detected by immunohistochemistry. Cell morphology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the sudden death group, the myocardial fibers were thinner than those in the other groups, some myocardial fibers were broken, the vessels were extremely dilated, and the myocardium was severely necrotic with hyperemia and hemorrhage. (2) Apoptotic index of cardiomyocytes and number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the fatigue and sudden death groups were significantly increased (P < 0.05). (3) The number of pro-apoptotic proteins in rat heart tissues were increased significantly in the state of excessive fatigue (P < 0.05), and the content of the apoptotic inhibiting protein Bcl-2 was decreased significantly (P < 0.01). (4) These results imply that continuous training can lead to excessive fatigue in rats, which will lead to changes in the morphological structure of rat cardiac cells and even lead to damage. Meanwhile, abnormal expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the cardiac tissue will occur. The damage of cardiomyocytes leads to apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and the number of cardiomyocytes is significantly reduced, which affects the structure and function of the whole heart and eventually leads to sudden cardiac death.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: exercise induced fatigue, excessive fatigue, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, Bax, Bal-2, pro-apoptotic proteins, sudden cardiac death

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