中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (23): 3636-3642.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1228

• 软骨组织构建 cartilage tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

跨膜蛋白208可影响人软骨细胞的自噬和线粒体功能

李  翔,孟志超,焦  阳,于兵孝,塔拉提百克•买买提居马,曹永平   

  1. (北京大学第一医院,北京市   100034)
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-21 出版日期:2019-08-18 发布日期:2019-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 曹永平,博士,主任医师,教授,北京大学第一医院,北京市 100034
  • 作者简介:李翔,男,1990年生,山东省枣庄市人,汉族,北京大学第一临床医学院在读博士,医师,主要从事骨关节炎发病机理,膝骨关节炎的治疗研究。 并列第一作者:孟志超,男,1984年生,辽宁省庄河市人,汉族,2011年北京大学医学部毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事骨关节领域相关研究。
  • 基金资助:

    北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7173270),项目负责人:孟志超

Transmembrane protein 208 affects autophagy and mitochondrial function in chondrocytes

Li Xiang, Meng Zhichao, Jiao Yang, Yu Bingxiao, Talatibaike•Maimaitijuma, Cao Yongping   

  1. (Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China)
  • Received:2019-02-21 Online:2019-08-18 Published:2019-08-18
  • Contact: Cao Yongping, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
  • About author:Li Xiang, Doctoral candidate, Physician, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China Meng Zhichao, MD, Attending physician, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China Li Xiang and Meng Zhichao contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:

     the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, No. 7173270 (to MZC)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
跨膜蛋白208(Transmembrane protein 208,TMEM208):是一个自噬抑制基因,可能通过对细胞内质网应激的抑制达到抑制自噬的作用。内质网能识别并降解未正确折叠的蛋白,内质网应激是指各种原因引起的细胞内质网发生功能紊乱, 导致错误折叠和未折叠蛋白在内质网腔内聚集以及Ca2+平衡紊乱的病理状态。
自噬:是一种通过溶酶体途径进行细胞质组分(蛋白质、细胞器)降解的过程,降解产物被用于能量供应及物质合成。同时,自噬也已被认为是维持软骨细胞功能正常的重要机制。自噬不仅可以调节软骨细胞生命周期的最后阶段,还可以调节软骨细胞进入成熟过程的速度。细胞的自噬水平和机体年龄、局部刺激都有关系。
摘要
背景
:软骨细胞自噬水平下降是骨关节炎发病的重要机制之一。自噬抑制基因跨膜蛋白208在晚期膝骨关节炎患者软骨组织中表达升高,该基因可能通过抑制软骨细胞自噬促进骨关节炎发展。
目的:通过体外骨关节炎模型,观察软骨细胞跨膜蛋白208基因表达对自噬和线粒体功能的影响。
方法:软骨组织来源于膝关节表面置换患者术中废弃软骨,非负重面轻度病变软骨(OuterbridgeⅠ-Ⅱ级)作为早期组,负重面重度病变软骨(OuterbridgeⅢ-Ⅳ级)作为晚期组,检测不同软骨组织跨膜蛋白208含量。实验方案符合北京大学第一医院对研究的相关伦理要求,软骨组织供者及其家属在充分了解治疗方案的前提下签署了“知情同意书”。取第4代人正常关节软骨细胞,通过白细胞介素1β刺激人正常软骨细胞诱导骨关节炎体外模型;另外加入自噬激活剂雷帕霉素或自噬抑制剂3-MA预处理软骨细胞后,再加入白细胞介素1β刺激12,24,48 h,观察软骨细胞状态。Real Time PCR检测不同病变软骨组织跨膜蛋白208基因的表达;Western Blot检测自噬相关蛋白轻链蛋白3B、P62表达评价自噬水平;AnnexinV-FITC法评估软骨细胞的凋亡情况;MitoSOX Red dye和JC-1染料荧光显色评价线粒体损伤情况。
结果与结论:①骨关节炎患者重度退变软骨组织跨膜蛋白208表达升高;②用白细胞介素1β刺激软骨细胞12,24和48 h后,软骨细胞跨膜蛋白208表达水平先降后升,自噬水平先升后降,凋亡水平逐渐升高,线粒体损伤逐渐加重;③雷帕霉素能明显降低跨膜蛋白208的表达量,提高自噬水平,降低白细胞介素1β刺激后软骨细胞的凋亡和线粒体损伤;④结论:跨膜蛋白208可抑制软骨细胞自噬,其表达增高可能导致软骨细胞应激状态下的损伤增加。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-2963-1802(李翔);0000-0003-4165-6367(孟志超)

关键词: 软骨细胞, 跨膜蛋白208, 自噬, 骨关节炎, 凋亡, 线粒体损伤, 白细胞介素1β, 雷帕霉素, 北京市自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Decreased level of autophagy in chondrocytes is an important mechanism of osteoarthritis. The autophagy inhibitory gene transmembrane protein 208 is elevated in late-stage osteoarthritis cartilage, and this gene may promote the development of osteoarthritis by inhibiting autophagy of chondrocytes.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of chondrocyte transmembrane protein 208 gene on autophagy and mitochondrial function in osteoarthritis model in vitro.
METHODS: The cartilage tissue was from the discarded cartilage of patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. The mild lesion cartilage on non-weight-bearing face (Outerbridge I-II grade) was as early-term group, and the severe lesion cartilage on heavy-weight surface (Outerbridge III-IV grade) was as the late-term group. The content of transmembrane protein 208 in different cartilage tissues was detected. The study was in accordance with the ethical criteria of Peking University First Hospital, and the cartilage donors and their family members signed an informed consent form. Passage 4 normal human chondrocytes were obtained and then stimulated by interleukin-1β to establish the in vitro osteoarthritis. The chondrocytes were pretreated by autophagy activator rapamycin or autophagy inhibitor 3MA, followed by interleukin-1β added for 12, 24 and 48 hours to observe the morphology of chondrocytes. The content of transmembrane protein 208 gene was detected by real-time PCR. Western blot assay was used to detect autophagy-associated protein light chain proteins 3B and P62 to evaluate autophagy levels. The apoptosis of chondrocytes was detected by Annexin V-FITC method. Mitochondrial damage was assessed by fluorescent detection with MitoSOX Red dye and JC-1 dye.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The expression of transmembrane protein 208 was significantly increased in severe osteoarthritis cartilage. (2) After stimulation with interleukin-1β for 12, 24 and 48 hours, the expression level of transmembrane protein 208 in chondrocytes decreased initially, and then increased. The level of autophagy rose initially and then fell. The apoptotic level gradually increased, and mitochondrial damage gradually became severe. (3) Rapamycin could significantly reduce the expression of transmembrane protein 208, increase the level of autophagy, and reduce the apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in chondrocytes after interleukin-1β stimulation. (4) To conclude, transmembrane protein 208 inhibits autophagy in chondrocytes, and increased expression of this gene may lead to increased damage of chondrocytes under stress.

Key words: transmembrane protein 208, autophagy, osteoarthritis, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, interleukin-1β, rapamycin, the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing

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