中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (20): 3235-3241.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1191

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

踝关节三角韧带损伤的诊断和治疗

王贵忻,何锦泉   

  1. 天津市天津医院足踝外科一病区,天津市  300211
  • 出版日期:2019-07-18 发布日期:2019-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 何锦泉,主任医师,天津市天津医院足踝外科一病区,天津市 300211
  • 作者简介:王贵忻,男,1980年生,天津市人,汉族,2004年天津医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事足踝部创伤、畸形和骨关节炎的诊断和治疗的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    2017年天津市天津医院科技基金(TJYY1605),项目负责人:王贵忻

Diagnosis and treatment of deltoid ligament injury of ankle joint

Wang Guixin, He Jinquan   

  1. First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Online:2019-07-18 Published:2019-07-18
  • Contact: He Jinquan, Chief physician, First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • About author:Wang Guixin, Master, Attending physician, First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin Hospital in 2017, No. TJYY1605 (to WGX)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
踝关节三角韧带组成:三角韧带为扇形复合体结构,由多组韧带组成,目前公认将三角韧带分为浅层和深层:浅层包括胫弹簧韧带、胫舟韧带、胫距浅韧带和胫跟韧带,深层包括胫距前韧带与胫距后韧带。
踝关节三角韧带功能:在踝关节内侧组织中踝关节三角韧带为最重要的力学结构,可对踝关节外翻外旋过度予以限制,维持距骨的正常解剖位置,防止距骨的外翻脱位,维持踝关节的稳定性。其完整性对足踝部负重及运动功能发挥着至关重要的作用。
 
摘要
背景:在踝关节内侧组织中踝关节三角韧带为最重要的力学结构,对维持踝关节的稳定性起重要作用。对于踝关节急、慢性三角韧带损伤的诊断和治疗方式仍然存在争议。
目的:综述近年来踝关节三角韧带损伤的诊断和治疗进展。
方法:第一作者应用计算机检索2000年1月至2018年12月PubMed数据库、中国知网、维普中国期刊网等收录的与踝关节三角韧带损伤诊断和治疗的文献,优先选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志上的文章。英文检索词为“ankle,deltoid ligament,management”,中文检索词为“踝关节、三角韧带、损伤、诊断、治疗”,初级共检出文献310篇,46篇文献符合纳入标准。
结果与结论:通过对踝关节三角韧带解剖及功能、损伤机制、诊断方法及急慢性损伤的治疗5个方面进行综述讨论,系统阐述了踝关节三角韧带损伤的最新诊疗进展。踝关节三角韧带发挥着维持踝关节内侧稳定性的重要作用。三角韧带损伤的漏诊或者误诊,会导致严重的足踝部畸形和踝关节骨性关节炎。综合应力位X射线、MRI及超声等影像学检查,以及踝关节镜下探查,可以确诊三角韧带损伤及踝关节内侧不稳定。三角韧带损伤的手术治疗仍然存在较大争论,麻醉下的应力试验为医生提供了判断的依据,尤其存在下胫腓联合时,三角韧带的修复是至关重要的。带线锚钉技术已经成为修复三角韧带应用最广泛的技术,而慢性三角韧带损伤通常需要应用同种自体肌腱或异体肌腱进行三角韧带的重建,最终恢复踝关节的稳定性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-9393-5785(王贵忻)

关键词: 踝关节, 三角韧带损伤, 足踝畸形, 踝关节骨性关节炎, 三角韧带重建, 踝关节镜, 踝关节内侧稳定性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the medial tissue of ankle joint, the deltoid ligament of ankle joint is the most important mechanical structure, which plays an important role in maintaining the stability of ankle joint. The diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic deltoid ligament injury of ankle remain controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To review the advance in the diagnosis and treatment of deltoid ligament injury of ankle joint.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of PubMed, CNKI, and VIP databases was conducted for the literature concerning the diagnosis and treatment of ankle triangular ligament injury published from January 2000 to December 2018, and articles published recently or published in authoritative journals were selected in priority. The keywords were “ankle, deltoid ligament, management” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 310 documents were searched, and 48 of them met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The anatomy and function of the deltoid ligament of ankle joint, injury mechanism, diagnosis method and treatment of acute and chronic injury were summarized and discussed, and the latest progress in diagnosis and treatment of the deltoid ligament injury of ankle joint was systematically elaborated. The deltoid ligament of ankle plays an important role in maintaining the stability of medial ankle joint. Moreover, misdiagnosis or misdiagnosis of deltoid ligament injury may lead to severe ankle deformity and ankle osteoarthritis. The triangular ligament injury and instability of the medial ankle joint can be diagnosed by X-ray, MRI, ultrasound and arthroscopic exploration of the ankle. Surgical treatment of deltoid ligament injury is still controversial. Stress test under anesthesia provides us with a basis for judgment, especially, the repair of the deltoid ligament is crucial in the presence of the inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis. In addition, wire anchor technique has become the most widely used technique for repairing deltoid ligament. However, chronic deltoid ligament injury usually requires the reconstruction of deltoid ligament with autologous or allogenic tendons to restore the stability of ankle joint.

Key words: ankle joint, deltoid ligament injury, ankle deformity, ankle osteoarthritis, deltoid ligament reconstruction, ankle arthroscope, medial ankle instability

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