中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3888-3893.doi: 10.12307/2021.098

• 骨与关节图像与影像 bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

距骨解剖变异的MRI表现

易美芝,罗光华,肖雅雯,胡  蓉,陈小龙,赵  衡   

  1. 南华大学附属第一医院放射科,湖南省衡阳市   421000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-15 修回日期:2020-09-17 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-17
  • 通讯作者: 赵衡,硕士,副主任医师,副教授,南华大学附属第一医院放射科,湖南省衡阳市 421000
  • 作者简介:易美芝,女,1988年生,湖南省衡阳市人,汉族,2014年汕头大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事医学影像学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省科技计划项目(2017SK50203),项目负责人:赵衡;湖南省自然科学基金项目(14JJ2086),项目负责人:赵衡

MRI findings of anatomical variations of the talus

Yi Meizhi, Luo Guanghua, Xiao Yawen, Hu Rong, Chen Xiaolong, Zhao Heng   

  1. Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-15 Revised:2020-09-17 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-17
  • Contact: Zhao Heng, Master, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Yi Meizhi, Master, Attending physician, Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421000, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province, No. 2017SK50203 (to ZH); the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 14JJ2086 (to ZH)

摘要:

文题释义:
踝关节撞击综合征:1993年首次被提出,是一种由踝关节周围骨性或软组织之间的机械作用力如撞击、挤压、反复摩擦等引起踝关节慢性疼痛和运动受限的一组临床综合征。根据撞击部位的不同,可分为前踝撞击综合征和后踝撞击综合征,常见于经常过度使用踝关节的运动员,近来研究发现也好发于踝关节反复创伤、习惯性扭伤的一般人群。
距骨后突:教科书和解剖学的有关工具书及骨科学术论文对距骨形态描述为“龟”形,可分为头、颈、体3个部分,体部的后端突向后下的部分称为距骨后突。距骨后突根据踇长屈肌肌腱沟分为内侧结节和外侧结节两部分。有部分研究者提出,距骨如果按“龟”形描述的话,应分为头、颈、体、尾4个部分,距骨后突应命名为距骨尾。还有研究者认为距骨尾客观存在,但不是整个距骨后突,而是距骨后突外侧结节。

背景:以往研究仅见X射线片或CT对距骨解剖变异的影像描述,而MRI对其尚无统一具体描述。
目的:描述距骨解剖变异在MRI上的特征表现,以及变异可能导致踝关节撞击综合征的MRI影像特征表现。
方法:回顾性分析南华大学附属第一医院近3年拍摄的踝关节MRI影像资料。由于目标之一是阐述与距骨解剖变异相关的骨髓水肿或结构变化,因此排除了距骨肿瘤和距骨炎性病变患者。
结果与结论:①最终纳入患者500例,变异发生率为4.8%,共计24例,分别是距骨嘴(2例)、跟距骨桥(6例)、距骨骨岛(1例)、距后三角籽骨(15例);②距骨嘴、跟距骨桥和距后三角籽骨这3种变异和踝关节撞击综合征有一定相关性;③距骨后突长度存在个体差异,按其长度将距骨后突分为长尾型、中尾型、短尾型和无尾型;④后踝关节不适发病率在距后三角籽骨组最高,在无尾型距骨后突组最低,且距后三角籽骨组和长尾型距骨后突组发病率差异无显著性意义。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6549-4644 (赵衡) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 距骨, 解剖变异, 磁共振成像, 骨髓水肿, 信号强度, 踝关节撞击综合征, 距骨后突

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In previous studies, only X-ray or CT imaging was used to describe the anatomical variations of the talus, but MRI has not provided a unified and specific description.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the MRI characteristics of anatomical variations of the talus and observe the MRI characteristics of the ankle impingement syndrome caused by the variations of the talus.
METHODS: The MRI findings of the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China in the past three years were retrospectively analyzed. One of the objectives was to describe edema or structural changes associated with anatomical variations in talus. Patients with tumors of talus or infections of talus were excluded in this study.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Totally 500 patients were finally included in the study, among which 24 patients showed anatomic variations, the incidence of anatomic variations was 4.8%. The variations of talus on MRI were talar beak (2 cases), talocalcaneal bridge (6 cases), bone island (1 case), and os trigonum (15 cases). (2) Talar beak, talocalcaneal bridge and os trigonum had a certain relationship between ankle joint impingement syndrome. (3) The posterior process of talus varied from person to person. They could be categorized as long tail, middle tail, short tail, and tailless. (4) The incidence rate of posterior ankle discomfort was the highest in the os trigonum group, and the lowest in the tailless type of talus. There was no significant difference in incidence rate between the os trigonum group and the long tail type of talus.

Key words: talus, anatomical variation, magnetic resonance imaging, bone marrow edema, signal intensity, ankle joint impingement syndrome, posterior process of talus

中图分类号: