中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (16): 2461-2466.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1168

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis •    下一篇

全膝关节置换术中滑膜处理方法与关节功能恢复的相关性

周红星1,易伟国2,袁祥生1   

  1. 解放军第152中心医院,1骨二科,2医务处,河南省平顶山市 467000
  • 出版日期:2019-06-08 发布日期:2019-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 易伟国,主管技师,解放军第152中心医院骨二科,河南省平顶山市 467000
  • 作者简介:周红星,男,1967年生,河南省南阳市人,汉族,硕士,副主任医师,从事骨关节创伤方面研究。

Correlation of different treatment methods of synovial membrane in total knee arthroplasty with the joint function recovery  

Zhou Hongxing1, Yi Weiguo2, Yuan Xiangsheng1   

  1. 1Second Department of Orthopedics, 2Department of Medical Service, No.152 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2019-06-08 Published:2019-06-08
  • Contact: Yi Weiguo, Technician-in-charge, Department of Medical Service, No.152 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Hongxing, Master, Associate chief physician, Second Department of Orthopedics, No.152 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
全膝关节置换:指采用金属、高分子聚乙烯、陶瓷等材料,根据膝关节从形态、构造及功能制成人工膝关节假体,并通过外科技术植入膝关节内代替关节功能,以解除关节疼痛,恢复关节功能。随着全膝关节置换技术的日益成熟,越来越多的膝关节疾病采用全膝关节置换的方法达到治愈的目的。其10年成功率超过90%,绝大部分患者假体寿命达20年以上甚至伴终生。
膝关节滑膜组织:膝关节是由关节囊包裹的密闭的关节腔,在关节囊内层有一薄层起润滑作用的滑膜组织。有资料表明:膝关节的疼痛与滑膜炎有关,无论骨关节炎、风湿性、非特异性关节炎,还是特异和非特异性感染等疾病导致的关节炎均为滑膜组织受累,形成滑膜炎。所以,滑膜切除是治疗各种关节炎的关键技术之一。
 
摘要
背景:近年来越来越多的全膝关节置换用于治疗膝关节疾病,但是术中是否切除滑膜组织争议不断,甚至影响关节功能的恢复。
目的:探讨全膝关节置换同时行滑膜切除对术后膝关节功能恢复的影响,为全膝关节置换选择合理的手术方式提供帮助。
方法:纳入解放军第152中心医院2009年9月至2014年9月因骨关节炎入院拟行单侧全膝关节置换的患者120例,随机分为2组,保留滑膜组60例全膝关节置换术中保留滑膜,切除滑膜组60例全膝关节置换术中切除滑膜,术中均使用止血带,术后放置引流管。比较性别、年龄、体质量指数、血红蛋白、术前美国膝关节协会评分和目测类比评分;记录手术时间、术后6,24,48 h引流量及术后第1天、第7天、出院前1 d的血红蛋白水平;评估术后2周、3个月、1年、2年、4年疼痛目测类比评分和美国膝关节协会评分。
结果与结论:①术前2组的基本情况比较差异无显著性意义,具有可比性;②保留滑膜组手术时间、术后6,24 h引流量少于切除滑膜组(P < 0.05);③保留滑膜组术后第1天、第7天、出院前1 d的血红蛋白水平均高于切除滑膜组(P < 0.05);④2组术后2周、3个月、1年的目测类比评分和美国膝关节协会评分差异无显著性意义;术后2,4年差异有显著性意义,切除滑膜组优于保留滑膜组(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,在骨关节炎全膝关节置换治疗时,术中切除滑膜虽然增加了术后出血量,有发生并发症的潜在危险,近期疗效与保留滑膜相比无差异,但远期疗效明显较保留滑膜优越。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-3649-620X(周红星)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工膝关节, 滑膜, 滑膜切除, 止血带, 引流管, 血红蛋白, 目测类比评分, 骨关节炎, 膝关节功能恢复

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty has been gradually applied in the treatment of knee joint diseases. However, there is still a controversy about whether synovectomy in surgery, even affecting joint function recovery.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty on the functional recovery of knee joint, so as to provide reference for choosing appropriate surgical method in total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients with osteoarthritis undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty admitted at No.152 Hospital of Chinese PLA between September 2009 and September 2014 were included. The patients were randomized into two groups (n=60/group), undergoing retaining synovial membrane and synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty, respectively. Intraoperative tourniquet and postoperative drainage tube were used in all patients. Sex, age, body mass index, hemoglobin, preoperative Hospital Special Surgery knee score and Visual Analogue Scale score were compared between two groups. The operation time, drainage volume at postoperative 6, 24 and 48 hours and the hemoglobin level at postoperative 1 and 7 days, and 1 day before leaving hospital were recorded. Visual Analogue Scale score and Hospital Special Surgery knee score at postoperative 2 weeks, 3 months, 1, 2 and 4 years were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in baseline data between two groups. (2) The operation time and drainage volume at postoperative 6 and 24 hours in the retaining synovial membrane group were significantly lower than those in the synovectomy group (P < 0.05). (3) The hemoglobin levels at postoperative 1 and 7 days, and 1 day before leaving hospital in the retaining synovial membrane group were significantly higher than those in the synovectomy group (P < 0.05). (4) The Visual Analogue Scale score and Hospital Special Surgery knee score at postoperative 2 weeks, 3 months and 1 year showed no significant differences between two groups. The scores at postoperative 2 and 4 years in the synovectomy group were superior to the retaining synovial membrane group (P < 0.05). (5) These findings imply that synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis increases postoperative blood loss, with risk for complications. Its short-term efficacy is similar with the retaining synovial membrane, but long-term efficacy is pertinent.

Key words: bone implants, artificial knee joint, synovial membrane, synovectomy, tourniquet, drainage tube, hemoglobin, Visual Analogue Scale, osteoarthritis, knee joint function recovery

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