中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (14): 2245-2250.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0702

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

复合型组织工程化人工骨支架:应用进展与未来方向

徐桂文1,乌日开西•艾依提1,滕 勇2   

  1. 1新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  8300472解放军兰州军区乌鲁木齐总医院全军骨科中心,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830000
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-22 出版日期:2018-05-18 发布日期:2018-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 乌日开西?艾依提,博士,教授,新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830047
  • 作者简介:徐桂文,男,1990年生,安徽省安庆市人,汉族,新疆大学在读硕士,主要从事生物3D打印方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(51165044)

Composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: application review and future direction

Xu Gui-wen1, Wurikaixi Aiyiti1, Teng Yong2   

  1. 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Orthopedic Center of PLA, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Region, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2017-12-22 Online:2018-05-18 Published:2018-05-18
  • Contact: Wurikaixi Aiyiti, Ph.D., Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Xu Gui-wen, Master candidate, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 51165044

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
复合型人工骨:是一种使用复合材料制成的人工骨,基本原理是将具有骨传导能力的材料与具有骨诱导能力的物质复合制备成复合人工骨,使它们兼具有骨传导和骨诱导作用。复合材料人工骨分为磷酸钙复合人工骨、聚合物复合人工骨、红骨髓复合人工骨、其他种类的复合人工骨。
组织工程学:从机体获取少量的活体组织,用特殊的酶或其他方法将细胞(种子细胞)从组织中分离出来在体外进行培养扩增,然后将扩增的细胞与具有良好生物相容性、可降解性和可吸收的生物材料(支架)按一定的比例混合,使细胞黏附在生物材料(支架)上形成细胞-材料复合物;将该复合物植入机体的组织或器官病损部位,随着生物材料在体内逐渐被降解和吸收,植入的细胞在体内不断增殖并分泌细胞外基质,最终形成相应的组织或器官,达到修复创伤和重建功能的目的。
 
 
背景:通常情况下单一型人工骨难以满足骨缺损修复及骨组织工程细胞外基质要求,将不同性质的材料经过复合加工形成的复合型人工骨,在保证生物活性的同时,可有效提高其力学性能。
目的:综述复合型人工骨的研究现状及发展趋势。
方法:应用计算机检索CNKI、ScienceDirect、PubMed、Spinger、EI Village、Wiley数据库中2000年1月至2017年4月的相关文献,检索词为“复合支架,组织工程,人工骨,composite scaffold,tissue engineering,artificial bone”,根据纳入排除标准对选定文献进行分析探讨。

结果与结论:对应用于骨组织工程的支架,应当仔细考虑和控制用于设计和制备支架的各种因素,包括微孔结构、机械强度、降解速率、孔隙率、生长因子、形貌及表面化学,以满足骨组织工程应用。复合型人工骨需要通过优化微观结构、表面改性、促进生物活性物质的黏附、引入控释系统来调节细胞的增殖及分化,最终发挥其成骨功能。尽管现有技术和方法在制备复合型支架上已取得了很大进展,但尚无一种技术或方法能完全满足骨组织工程支架制备的所有要求。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7291-8924(乌日开西·艾依提)

关键词: 人工骨, 材料, 结构, 功能, 组织工程化, 复合化, 替代, 趋势, 国家自然科学基金, 生物材料

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In general, a single-type artificial bone is difficult to meet the requirements for bone defect repair and extracellular matrix of bone tissue engineering. Compositing and processing the materials with different properties can form the composite-type artificial bone, which can either ensure the biological activity or effectively improve its mechanical properties.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the present situation of the application of composite-type artificial bone and prospects the development trend.
METHODS: The literatures were retrieved from CNKI, ScienceDirect, PubMed, SpingerLink, EI Village, Wiley databases from January 2000 to April 2017. The key words were “composite scaffold, tissue engineering, artificial bone” in Chinese and English, respectively. The selected literatures were analyzed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The requirements for the scaffolds used for bone tissue engineering are complex and it should carefully consider and control various factors used in the design and preparation of scaffolds, including microporous structure, mechanical strength, degradation rate, porosity, growth factor, morphology and surface chemistry, so as to meet the bone tissue engineering applications. The preparation of tissue-engineered bone scaffold is based on biological active substances and matrix materials through a reasonable manner. It simulates the components of natural bone matrix, promotes the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bioactive substances, and gives play to its functions of osteogenesis. Although existing techniques and methods have made significant progress in the preparation of composite scaffolds, there is no technique or method to fully meet all the requirements for preparation of tissue-engineered bone scaffold.

Key words: Hydroxyapatites, Calcium Phosphates, Tissue Engineering

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