中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (29): 4650-4656.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0622

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

胎盘间充质干细胞移植改善阿尔茨海默模型大鼠行为学及脑内的神经递质

何 佳1,鄢 波2,宋晓征1,伍雪英1   

  1. 1三六三医院神经内科,四川省成都市 610041;2四川大学华西医院神经内科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 修回日期:2018-05-06 出版日期:2018-10-18 发布日期:2018-10-18
  • 作者简介:何佳,女,1984年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,副主任医师。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81201010)

Effects of placental mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on behaviors and neurotransmitters in Alzheimer disease rats

He Jia1, Yan Bo2, Song Xiao-zheng1, Wu Xue-ying1   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, 363 Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Revised:2018-05-06 Online:2018-10-18 Published:2018-10-18
  • About author:He Jia, Associate chief physician, Department of Neurology, 363 Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81201010

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
神经递质:
是由细胞实现合成好的转运到前突出前细胞内的突触小泡,动作电位由钙离子通道转换成递质的在末梢处的释放,经突触间隙扩散,特异作用于突触后神经元或效应细胞上的受体,将信息从突触前传递到突触后的一些化学物质。
胎盘间充质干细胞:胎源干细胞是一群来源于胚胎、胎儿及胎儿附属器官的干细胞,包括胚胎源性干细胞、胎儿源性干细胞及胎儿附属器官源性干细胞。其中胎盘间充质干细胞属于胎儿附属器官源性干细胞,与骨髓间充质干细胞有相似的形态、细胞表面表型、趋化因子受体排列、中胚层分化及细胞免疫抑制能力,但较骨髓间充质干细胞具有来源充足、免疫原性低、病毒污染率较低及无社会伦理争议等方面的优点,目前已被广泛应用于临床研究中。

 

摘要
背景:
大量研究已证实,骨髓间充质干细胞移植可促进损伤神经功能的恢复,但其来源有限,并且取材对人体创伤较大,因此寻找更加合适的种子细胞有很重要的意义。
目的:观察胎盘间充质干细胞移植对阿尔茨海默模型大鼠行为学及脑内神经递质的改善作用。
方法:将45只雄性SD大鼠随机分3组,正常组不进行任何干预或处理;模型组与实验组采用皮下注射D-半乳糖联合脑双侧海马注射β淀粉样肽25-35的方法,建立老年阿尔茨海默病模型,每组15只。造模成功后,向实验组大鼠双侧海马内注射胎盘间充质干细胞悬液(细胞浓度1×108 L-1,每侧5 μL),模型组不进行细胞移植。细胞移植4周后,进行水迷宫行为学实验、脑组织匀浆神经递质检测及脑海马组织病理观察。
结果与结论:①与正常组相比,模型组大鼠实验不同时间点的逃避潜伏期明显延长(P < 0.05),在目标象限的活动路程减少(P < 0.05);与模型组相比,实验组实验不同时间点的逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P < 0.05),在目标象限的活动路程增多(P < 0.05);②与正常组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织匀浆乙酰胆碱酯酶、单胺氧化酶水平显著升高(P < 0.05),胆碱乙酰转移酶水平显著降低(P < 0.05);与模型组比较,实验组大鼠脑组织匀浆乙酰胆碱酯酶、单胺氧化酶水平显著降低(P < 0.05),胆碱乙酰转移酶水平显著升高(P < 0.05);③与正常组比较,模型组神经数量明显减少,细胞间隙增大,胞体发生退化,细胞核出现固缩,核仁不明显,部分细胞出现空泡;与模型组比较,实验组神经形态较为完整,趋于正常,神经细胞数量有所增加;④结果显示,胎盘间充质干细胞移植可改善阿尔茨海默大鼠的学习记忆能力,调节其脑内神经递质水平。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-1677-9093(何佳)

关键词: 胎盘间充质干细胞, 阿尔茨海默病, SD大鼠, 海马组织, 神经递质, 水迷宫实验, 组织工程, 干细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: A large number of studies have proved that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can promote the recovery of injured nerve function, but the cell source is limited. Moreover, cell collection is extremely traumatic to the human body, and it is very important to find more suitable seed cells.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of placental mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on behaviors and neurotransmitters in Alzheimer disease rats.
METHODS: Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15 per group): normal group without any intervention or treatment, model group and experimental group treated with subcutaneous injection of D-galactose and bilateral hippocampal injection of β-amyloid peptide 25-35. The model of senile Alzheimer disease was established in the latter two groups. After the model was successfully established, placental mesenchymal stem cell suspension (1×108 cells/L, 5 μL) was injected into the hippocampus of the experimental group. The model group did not carry out cell transplantation. Four weeks after transplantation, Morris water maze for behavior observation, brain homogenate neurotransmitter detection and histopathological observation of the hippocampus were carried out.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the normal group, the escape latency at different time points in the model group was significantly prolonged (P < 0.05), and the activity path in the target quadrant was decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the escape latency at different time points in the experimental group was significantly shortened (P < 0.05), and the activity path in the target quadrant was increased (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the normal group, the levels of monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase in the brain homogenate increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05), while the level of choline acetyltransferase decreased significantly(P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase in the brain homogenate of the experimental group decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and the level of choline acetyltransferase increased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) In the model group, the number of nerves decreased obviously, the cell space increased, the cell body degenerated, the nucleus became pyknosis, the nucleolus was not obvious, and vacuoles appeared in some cells. Compared with the model group, the nerve morphology of the experimental group was relatively complete and tended to be normal. The number of nerves in the experimental group was increased as compared with the model group. To conclude, placental mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve the learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer disease rats and regulate the level of neurotransmitters in the rat brain.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Stem Cells, Alzheimer Disease, Placenta, Hippocampus

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