中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 133-139.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0423

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞来源外泌体促进损伤组织修复与再生的应用与进展

李超然1,黄桂林1,王 帅2   

  1. 遵义医学院附属口腔医院,1口腔颌面外科,2科研科,贵州省遵义市 563003
  • 修回日期:2017-11-22 出版日期:2018-01-08 发布日期:2018-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 黄桂林,博士,教授,遵义医学院附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科,贵州省遵义市 563003; 并列通讯作者:王帅,博士,副教授,遵义医学院附属口腔医院科研科,贵州省遵义市 563003
  • 作者简介:李超然,男,1989 年生,山西省大同市人,汉族,遵义医学院附属口腔医院在读硕士,主要从事细胞工程研究及口腔颌面外科疾病的诊治。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81760201);贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2016]1170);贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2016]1171);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长计划(黔教合KY字[2016]198)

Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes in damaged tissue repair and regeneration

Li Chao-ran1, Huang Gui-lin1, Wang Shuai2   

  1. 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2Department of Scientific Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Revised:2017-11-22 Online:2018-01-08 Published:2018-01-08
  • Contact: Huang Gui-lin, M.D., Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China; Wang Shuai, M.D., Associate professor, Department of Scientific Research, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Li Chao-ran, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81760201; the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province, No. [2016]1170, [2016]1171; Youth Technology Talent Development Plan of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, No. [2016]198

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
外泌体:
是细胞经过“内吞-融合-外排”等一系列调控过程形成的直径40-100 nm的膜性脂质小囊泡,其内含有功能性蛋白质、mRNA及microRNA等物质,在细胞间的信息传递过程中发挥重要作用,广泛参与机体损伤组织修复、基因交换、抗原呈递免疫反应、肿瘤转移等生理病理过程。
间充质干细胞来源外泌体促进损伤组织修复原理:外泌体可将干细胞和损伤细胞包含的功能性蛋白质、mRNA及microRNA等物质进行双向传递。损伤细胞分泌的外泌体,被干细胞内化后可诱导其表型重组从而获得特征性的表型;而干细胞分泌的外泌体,通过调控损伤细胞中相关基因的表达,促进损伤细胞的修复与再生。主要表现为:①抑制细胞凋亡和炎症;②促进细胞增殖与迁移;③促进胶原形成和血管新生;④促进生长因子的表达。

 

摘要
背景:
近年来许多研究表明间充质干细胞所发挥的组织修复与再生功能在很大程度上是由其旁分泌作用而实现的,而外泌体是其中一种重要的旁分泌因子,已成为研究者们关注的重点。
目的:阐明外泌体的组成、来源及生物学特性,总结近年来间充质干细胞来源外泌体在组织修复与再生方面的最新研究成果,并展望其在口腔领域的应用前景。
方法:用计算机检索1983至2017年PubMed数据库和中国知网(CNKI)期刊全文数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为“exosome,MSC-exosomes,tissue repair and regeneration,oral diseases”,中文检索词为“外泌体,间充质干细胞来源外泌体,组织修复与再生,口腔疾病”,共纳入61篇文献。
结果与结论:外泌体是细胞分泌的内含多种蛋白质及RNA等成分的小囊泡,在细胞间通讯中起重要作用,具有抑制细胞凋亡、刺激增殖、免疫调节等功能。间充质干细胞来源外泌体在骨损伤修复、皮肤损伤修复、神经损伤修复、肝损伤修复中都起到重要作用,但其作用机制还不明确,在口腔领域应用相对较少,值得深入研究和探索。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID:0000-0002-9423-7943(李超然)

关键词: 间充质干细胞来源外泌体, 组织修复与再生, 骨损伤, 皮肤损伤, 神经损伤, 肝损伤, 外泌体修饰, 口腔疾病, 干细胞, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the past few years, many studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells play roles in tissue repair and regeneration, which is to a large extent by their paracrine effect. As one of the important paracrine factors, exosomes have become an issue of concern for researchers.
OBJECTIVE: To explain the components, sources and biological characteristics of exosomes, to summarize the latest research advances of mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes in tissue repair and regeneration, and to make prospects of its application in the field of oral medicine.
METHODS: A computer-based search of the relevant literature in CNKI and PubMed full-text databases of journals from 1983 to 2017 was performed. The keywords were “exosome, MSC-exosomes, tissue repair and regeneration, oral diseases” in Chinese and English, respectively. Totally 61 eligible articles were included in the result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Exosome is a vesicle secreted by cells and contains different proteins and RNAs. It plays an important role in the intercellular communication, and has the functions of inhibiting apoptosis, stimulating proliferation and regulating immunity. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes play an important role in repairing bone injury, skin injury, nerve injury and liver injury, but its mechanism is yet unclear. The application of exosomes in the field of oral medicine is rarely reported, which is certainly worthy of further research and exploration.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Exosomes, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: