中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 356-361.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0030

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

静脉与局部应用氨甲环酸在初次全膝关节置换中的比较

胡文浩   

  1. 南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院骨科,江苏省淮安市 223300
  • 出版日期:2018-01-28 发布日期:2018-01-28
  • 作者简介:胡文浩,男,1987年生,江苏省淮安市人,汉族,2013年南京医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事骨科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    南京医科大学资助项目(2016NJMU142)

Efficacy of intravenous versus topical administration of tranexanmic acid in primary total knee arthroplasty

Hu Wen-hao   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Huai’an First People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Online:2018-01-28 Published:2018-01-28
  • About author:Hu Wen-hao, Master, Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Huai’an First People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Project of Nanjing Medical University, No. 2016NJMU142

摘要:

 文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
全膝关节置换围术期出血:由于膝关节有着血运丰富、滑膜多的特点,术中操作会损伤正常血管、滑膜而导致术中及术后出血量增多。加上术中需要使用止血带,这一因素也会一定程度上增加下肢血管缺血和再灌注损伤等其他风险,进而导致释放出血管内皮组织纤溶酶原激活物,激活物的释放又可引起纤溶反应从而影响最终的手术疗效。可见在全膝关节置换围术期针对失血原因采取合理的止血措施,不但能够缓解患者的病情、加强临床手术疗效,还能够改善预后,最终提升患者术后的其生活质量。
氨甲环酸:为一种外科手术中常用的用于减少手术失血及降低输血治疗需求的纤维蛋白溶解抑制药,通过可逆性的阻断纤溶酶原分子上的赖氨酸结合位点,导致纤溶酶原不能转变为纤溶酶,从而有效抑制纤维蛋白溶解、产生止血作用。文章将氨甲环酸在膝关节置换过程中的两种应用方法进行对比,寻求临床应用氨甲环酸更有效的途径。
 
摘要
背景:全膝关节置换围术期失血是影响患者术后恢复的重要因素,有越来越多的研究证明氨甲环酸可以有效减少全膝关节置换术中失血。
目的:对比静脉与局部应用氨甲环酸对初次全膝关节置换围手术期失血量的影响。
方法:105例单侧膝关节骨性关节炎全膝关节置换患者被随机分为3组,静脉应用氨甲环酸组于切开皮肤前及缝合皮肤后经静脉滴1.0 g氨甲环酸;局部应用氨甲环酸组于缝合皮肤后经引流管向关节腔内注射     2.0 g(溶于20 mL生理盐水)氨甲环酸,术后夹闭引流管4 h后打开;对照组不应用氨甲环酸。记录3组患者术中失血量、术后24,48 h血红蛋白水平、术后引流量、血栓发生率等。

结果与结论:①静脉应用氨甲环酸组及局部应用氨甲环酸组的术中失血量及术后引流量均明显少于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);静脉应用氨甲环酸可以更有效的减少患者术后血红蛋白下降水平,而局部应用氨甲环酸则可以更有效的减少术后引流量;而静脉应用氨甲环酸组的总失血量(术中失血量+术后引流量)低于局部应用氨甲环酸组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②3组患者在术后均未发生下肢深静脉血栓;③结果证实,静脉与局部应用氨甲环酸在初次全膝关节置换中均能显著减少围手术期失血量,并不会增加术后血栓形成的风险。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9688-8133(胡文浩)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 氨甲环酸, 全膝关节置换术, 静脉, 局部, 失血量

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Blood loss is a significant concern for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Increasing evidence has shown that tranexamic acid is effective in decreasing perioperative blood loss in TKA.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of two methods of tranexanmic acid administration on the perioperative blood loss in primary TKA.
METHODS: Totally 105 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis undergoing TKA were randomly allocated to three groups: 1 g of tranexanmic acid was administered intravenously before and after wound closure (group A); 2 g of tranexanmic acid in 20 mL of normal saline was injected into the articualr cavity through the drainage after wound closure and the tube was clamped for 4 hours (group B); no tranexanmic acid administration (group C). The intraoperative blood loss, hemoglobin level at postoperative 24 and 48 hours, postoperative drainage volume and incidence of deep venous thrombosis were recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume in the groups A and B were significantly less than those in the group C (P < 0.05); the postoperative hemoglobin level in the group A was higher than that in the group B; the postoperative drainage volume in the group B was less than that in the group A; the total blood loss in the group A was significantly less than that in the group B (P < 0.05). (2) None patient appeared with lower limb deep venous thrombosis. (3) These findings indicate that intravenous and topical administration of tranexamic acid can significantly reduce the perioperative blood loss in primary TKA, and cannot increase the risk of thrombosis.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Tranexanic Acid, Prosthesis Implantation, Tissue Engineering

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