中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 237-241.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2981

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

急性放射性皮肤损伤Wistar大鼠模型的建立

陈宇彤1，2，3，李晨晨1，2，3，刘  阳1，2，3，郑亚琴4，杨喜花5，安美文1，2，3   

  1. 1太原理工大学生物医学工程研究所，山西省太原市   030024；2山西省材料强度与结构冲击重点实验室，山西省太原市   030024；3纳米生物材料与再生医学实验中心，山西省太原市   030024；山西省肿瘤医院，4放疗技术中心，5动物实验中心，山西省太原市   030013
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-20 修回日期:2020-01-21 接受日期:2020-03-03 出版日期:2021-01-18 发布日期:2020-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 安美文，博士，教授，太原理工大学生物医学工程研究所，山西省太原市 030024；山西省材料强度与结构冲击重点实验室，山西省太原市 030024 ；纳米生物材料与再生医学实验中心，山西省太原市 030024
  • 作者简介:陈宇彤，女，1995年生，辽宁省鞍山市人，汉族，太原理工大学在读硕士，主要从事软组织力学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31870934)

Establishment of an acute radioactive skin injury model in Wistar rats

Chen Yutong1, 2, 3, Li Chenchen1, 2, 3, Liu Yang1, 2, 3, Zheng Yaqin4, Yang Xihua5, An Meiwen1, 2, 3    

  1. 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China; 2Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Material Strength and Structural Impact, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China; 3Experimental Center for Nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China; 4Radiotherapy Technology Center, 5Animal Laboratory Center, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-01-20 Revised:2020-01-21 Accepted:2020-03-03 Online:2021-01-18 Published:2020-11-21
  • Contact: An Meiwen, MD, Professor, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Chen Yutong, Master candidate, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31870934

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摘要：

文题释义：
急性放射性皮肤损伤：短时间内接受大剂量的放射线照射后，会引起急性皮肤损伤，称急性放射性皮肤损伤，与照射剂量、时间、暴光速率及个体素质有关，多数发生于接受放射线治疗的患者，轻者出现红斑，严重者可发生水肿、大疱或溃疡，并常伴有白细胞减少或不同程度的全身症状，严重者危及生命。
动物模型：以人本身作为对象探讨疾病发生机制在道义上和方法上会受到限制，动物模型的间接研究可以更准确地观察模型的实验结果并与人类疾病进行比较研究，有助于更方便、更有效地认识人类疾病的发生发展规律，研究防治措施，常见的有大鼠、小鼠、兔、猪等。

背景：目前国内构建放射性皮肤损伤动物模型所用的射线类型、动物种类、照射方式和部位均不一致，临床上对于放射性皮肤损伤的预防策略和治疗标准并未统一。
目的：建立合适的大鼠急性放射性皮肤损伤模型。
方法：60只Wistar大鼠随机分为32，38和45 Gy X射线照射组(n=18)以及空白对照组(n=6)。32，38和45 Gy X射线照射组对大鼠后臀进行单次局部照射，剂量为300 cGy/min，源皮距100 cm，照射时间分别为10.67，12.67，15 min；空白对照组不照射。实验于2018-01-08经山西省肿瘤医院动物伦理委员会审核批准，批准编号：GDY2018001。
结果与结论：①照射后大鼠未出现意外死亡情况，照射后3 d内大鼠体质量有所下降，之后呈增加趋势，在伤口最严重时(约第15天)体质量又有所下降，2 d后恢复正常；②照射后2周随着X射线剂量的增加，大鼠皮肤附属器官结构被破坏，大量炎性细胞浸润，可见急性放射性皮肤损伤在一定范围内呈现剂量依赖；另一方面，照射时间越长，38与45 Gy组的大鼠皮肤损伤程度越深；而照射剂量相同时，急性放射性皮肤损伤的严重程度也与时间呈正相关性；③以38 Gy辐照大鼠皮肤6 h至15 d，巨噬细胞被激活，NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3炎症因子表达增强，炎症反应明显，验证了模型的可靠性；④结果表明，采用直线加速器产生X射线建立的急性X射线皮肤损伤动物模型具有易于观察、取材方便、皮炎表现明显的特点，且安全性较高，是一种理想的动物模型。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9827-8665 (陈宇彤) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: X射线, 放射性皮肤损伤,  局部照射,  动物模型,  Wistar大鼠,  炎症,  巨噬细胞,  NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Nowadays, the ray types, animal species, irradiation modes and sites used in the establishment of animal models of radioactive skin injury in China are not consistent. Meanwhile, there is no uniform standard for the prevention and treatment of radioactive skin injury in clinical practice. 
OBJECTIVE: To establish an ideal rat model of acute radioactive skin injury.
METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 32, 38, 45 Gy X-ray groups (n=18) and non-irradiated group (n=6). Three X-ray irradiated groups (32, 38, 45 Gy) received single irradiation of the right posterior buttock, 300 cGy/min, 100 cm between the skin and irradiated source, for 10.67, 12.67, and 15 minutes respectively. No irradiation was given in the non-irradiated group. The study protocol was approved by the Animal Ethic Committee of Shanxi Cancer Hospital (approval No. GDY2018001).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no accidental death after irradiation. The body mass of the rats decreased within 3 days after irradiation, and then increased. Irradiated wound was severest at about 15 days after irradiation, and the body mass dropped again, and returned to normal 2 days later. Two weeks after radiation, with the increase of X-ray dose, the structures of rat’s skin appendages were destroyed and a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrated, indicating that the acute radiation skin injury was dose-dependent within a certain range. On the other hand, with the increase of irradiation time, the skin wound in the 38 and 45 Gy groups gradually deepened. At the same dose, the severity of acute radiation skin injury was also positively correlated with the irradiation time. After 6 hours to 15 days of 38 Gy irradiation on the rat skin, macrophages were activated, and the expression of Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 was enhanced, indicating obvious inflammatory response, and thereby verifying the reliability of the model. To conclude, it is an ideal animal model of acute X-ray skin injury model made by the X-ray linear accelerator, which is easily observed and obtained, with obvious skin inflammation expression. This model is also of high safety and strong tolerance.

Key words: X-ray,   radioactive skin injury,   local irradiation,  animal model,  Wistar rats,  inflammation,  macrophage,  Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 

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