中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (32): 5092-5096.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1397

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

严重髋臼缺损髋关节发育不良患者全髋置换中采用结构性植骨重建髋臼的有效性

杨  鉴,梁  灿,张会忠   

  1. 高州市中医院,广东省高州市  525200
  • 出版日期:2019-11-18 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 通讯作者: 杨鉴,高州市中医院,广东省高州市 525200
  • 作者简介:杨鉴,男,1984年生,广东省高州市人,主治医师。
  • 基金资助:
    茂名市科技计划项目(170604001705832),项目负责人:杨鉴

Efficacy of structural bone graft for reconstruction of acetabulum in total hip arthroplasty in patients with developmental dysplasia of hips and severe acetabular defect

Yang Jian, Liang Can, Zhang Huizhong   

  1. Gaozhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaozhou 525200, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2019-11-18 Published:2019-11-18
  • Contact: Yang Jian, Gaozhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaozhou 525200, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yang Jian, Attending physician, Gaozhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gaozhou 525200, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Project of Maoming City, No. 170604001705832 (to YJ)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:
 
 
 
文题释义:
结构性植骨:是治疗成人高位先天性髋关节脱位的一种方法,可以提供良好的髋臼覆盖,恢复髋关节旋转中心高度并可保留骨盆量。
髋臼发育不良:主要表现为髋臼变小、变浅,局部骨量的严重丢失,臼壁外倾呈蝶形,假臼形成,髋关节旋转中心向外上移位。
 
摘要
背景:对于髋臼缺损的患者,全髋置换中可能会因假体覆盖率不足导致安放困难,而结构性植骨重建髋臼可使假体获得覆盖率和稳定性,但如何获得较好的植骨覆盖率是影响疗效的关键。
目的:观察严重髋臼缺损的髋关节发育不良患者在全髋置换中采用结构性植骨重建髋臼的有效性,评估植骨覆盖率对修复效果的影响。
方法:选取2010年2月至2016年2月高州市中医院骨关节外科收治的80例(100髋)伴有严重髋臼缺损的髋关节发育不良患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行全髋置换,术中以自体股骨头结构性植骨重建髋臼。术后随访期间行骨盆正位X射线检查,并比较患者术前、术后1、2年的Harris评分变化。按入选患者的宿主骨覆盖率进行分组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别为≥70%、65%-69%、<65%)。
结果与结论:①术后X射线评估髋臼假体的位置理想,髋臼植骨愈合良好,其中8例植骨块在髋臼假体外缘出现轻度的骨吸收,但在后续随访中未发现假体松动;②Harris评分术后1,2年均较术前的评分明显增高(P=0.000);③第Ⅰ组宿主骨覆盖率为(73.25±1.40)%,植骨覆盖率为(26.75±0.94)%;宿主骨覆盖率65%-69%者共32例38髋,为第Ⅱ组,宿主骨覆盖率为(67.15±0.57)%,植骨覆盖率为(32.75±0.46)%;<65%者共20例27髋,为第Ⅲ组,宿主骨覆盖率为(55.22±1.10)%,植骨覆盖率为(44.78±0.85)%。术后1,2年,第Ⅰ,Ⅱ组Harris评分无显著差异,第Ⅲ组Harris评分低于第Ⅰ,Ⅱ组(P=0.000);④结果证实,对于严重髋臼缺损的髋关节发育不良患者,在全髋置换中采用结构性植骨重建髋臼,可获得较为理想的疗效。试验已于2019-01-12经高州市中医院伦理委员会批准并通过(批准号:GZSZYY83741002)。

ORCID: 0000-0002-4404-0093(杨鉴)

关键词: 髋关节发育不良, 全髋置换, 结构性植骨, 髋臼, 宿主骨覆盖率, 植骨覆盖率, X射线, 髋臼假体, 组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: For patients with acetabular defect, it may be difficult to place the prosthesis in total hip replacement because of insufficient coverage. Structural bone graft reconstruction of acetabulum can make the prosthesis achieve coverage and stability, but how to obtain better coverage of bone graft is the key to affect the curative effect.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of structural bone graft reconstruction for total hip arthroplasty in patients with developmental dysplasia of hips and severe acetabular defects, and to assess the effect of bone graft coverage on repair.
METHODS: Totally 80 patients (100 hips) with severe acetabular defects and hip dysplasia admitted to Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Gaozhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2010 to February 2016 were selected as the research objects. All patients underwent total hip arthroplasty, with intramedullary reconstruction of the acetabulum with autologous femoral head during operation. The pelvis was examined by X-ray during follow-up. Harris scores were compared between preoperative, postoperative 1 and 2 years. Group allocation was conducted according to graft coverage (≥ 70%, 65%-69%, < 65% in the groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Postoperative X-ray evaluation showed that the position of acetabular prosthesis was ideal and the healing of acetabular bone graft was good. Among them, 8 cases had slight bone resorption at the outer edge of acetabular prosthesis, but no prosthesis loosening was found during follow-up. (2) Harris scores 1 year and 2 years after surgery were significantly higher than those before surgery (P=0.000). (3) Host bone coverage was (73.25±1.40)%, and bone graft coverage was (26.75±0.94)% in the Ⅰ group. In the Ⅱ group, there were 32 cases (38 hips) with host bone coverage from 65% to 69%; the host bone coverage was (67.15±0.57)%, and bone graft coverage (32.75±0.46)%. In the Ⅲ group, there were 20 cases (27 hips) with host bone coverage < 65%; the host bone coverage was (55.22±1.10)%, and bone graft coverage (44.78±0.85)%. There was no significant difference in Harris score between Ⅰ group andⅡ group at 1 and 2 years after operation. Harris scores were lower in the Ⅲ group than in the Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups (P=0.000). (4) For patients with developmental dysplasia of hips and severe acetabular defects, reconstruction of the acetabulum with total hip arthroplasty may get a more satisfactory effect. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Gaozhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine on January 12, 2019 (approval No. GZSZYY83741002).

Key words: developmental dysplasia of hips, total hip arthroplasty, structural bone graft, acetabulum, host bone coverage, bone graft coverage, X-ray, acetabular prosthesis, tissue engineering

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