中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (9): 1599-1602.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.09.018

• 骨与关节损伤基础实验 • 上一篇    下一篇

T3~12胸椎松质骨冲击力学特性：青年与老年的差异比较

臧 虎1，张 翘1，马洪顺2   

  1. 1吉林大学中日联谊医院，吉林省长春市  130021； 
    2吉林大学南岭校区工程力学系，吉林省长春市130022
  • 出版日期:2010-02-26 发布日期:2010-02-26
  • 作者简介:臧 虎，男，1971年生，吉林省长春市人，汉族，2004年吉林大学中日联谊医院毕业，博士，副教授，主要从事外科临床和生物力学方面的研究。 mahs@jlu.edu.cn

Impact mechanics properties of T3-12 thoracic vertebra cancellous bone: Comparison between the youth and elderly people

Zang Hu1, Zhang Qiao1, Ma Hong-shun2   

  1. 1China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun  130021, Jilin Province, China;
    2Department of Engineering Mechanics, Nanling Campus of Jilin University, Changchun  130022, Jilin Province, China
  • Online:2010-02-26 Published:2010-02-26
  • About author:Zang Hu, Doctor, Associate professor, China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China mahs@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

背景：骨质疏松、骨重建、骨再造、胸椎骨折固定器选择等都需要了解青年和老年尸体胸椎松质骨的冲击力学特性。以往的研究多以单独青年尸体或单独老年尸体胸椎松质骨为观察对象，而有关青年和老年尸体胸椎松质骨冲击力学特性的研究报道极少。
目的：对正常国人青年和老年新鲜尸体胸椎松骨进行冲击实验，分析胸椎松质骨的冲击力学性质，确定老年尸体松质骨和青年尸体胸椎松质骨是否具有不同的冲击力学性质。
方法：实验标本取自4具正常国人男性新鲜尸体，年龄分别为20，25，70，75岁，由白求恩医科大学解剖教研室提供。人死亡后1 h之内解剖取出死者胸椎T3~12标本，将标本沿纵向切成长40 mm，宽6 mm，高6 mm的试样，每组各20个。以能量释放的方法对2组试样进行冲击实验，在室温28 ℃的温度场下进行实验。实验结束后，试验机测量度盘自动显示试样的冲击功，根据材料力学公式计算出每个试样的冲击韧性，观察各试样的宏观断口形貌。
结果与结论：青年组胸椎松质骨冲击功、冲击韧性均显著大于老年组(P < 0.05)。胸椎松质骨冲击实验断口多数为粉碎性断口，少数为横断口或斜断口。宏观观察青年组腰椎松质骨骨小梁排列细密，老年组腰椎松质骨骨小梁排列稀疏，孔隙较大，呈现出老年骨质疏松的表现形式。提示青年组脊柱胸椎松质骨和老年组脊柱胸椎松质骨具有不同的冲击力学特性，老年组试样由于骨质疏松导致冲击力学特性发生改变。

关键词: 老年人尸体, 青年人尸体, 脊柱, 胸椎松质骨, 冲击功, 冲击韧性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Impact mechanics properties of thoracic vertebra cancellous bone should be understood in treating osteoporosis, bone remodeling, bone reconstruction, as well as fixator selection for thoracic vertebral fracture. Most of previous studies concerning youth and the elderly bodies alone, reports regarding impact of thoracic vertebra cancellous bone mechanical properties are few.
OBJECTIVE: To perform impact experiment to the normal people youth and the elderly fresh corpse thoracic vertebra cancellous bone to survey the impact mechanical properties, and to definite whether the impact mechanical properties of thoracic vertebra trabecular bone have difference between youth and the elderly people.
METHODS: Experimental samples were from 4 normal fresh corpse, aged 20, 25, 70 and 75 years, were provided by Department of Anatomy, Norman Bethune Medical University. Spinal column thoracic vertebra T3-12 specimen were obtained from corpse within 1 hours and cut into 40 mm×6 mm×6 mm pieces, with 20 test pieces in each group. The impact experiment was performed using energy liberation method at room temperature under 28 ℃. After experiment, the impact energy was displayed automatic on testing machine, and the impact toughness was calculated by mechanical formula, and the morphology of fracture surface was observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The impact energy and impact toughness of the youth group was obviously greater than that of the elderly group (P < 0.05). Majority of the fracture surfaces were comminuted, minority were transverse or oblique fracture. The macroscopic observation showed that trabecular arranged compact in the thoracic vertebra cancellous bone of the youth group, which was sparse arrangement and presented with senile osteoporosis in the elderly group. It demonstrated that the impact mechanics properties of thoracic vertebra cancellous bone are different between the youth and elderly groups, and osteoporosis changes impact mechanics properties in the elderly people.

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