中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (34): 9002-9007.doi: 10.12307/2026.871

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

体质量指数与肾移植后早期恢复效果的相关性

钟晓平1,陈  丹1,谢年华2   

  1. 1武汉科技大学,湖北省武汉市  430011;2武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北省武汉市  430024

  • 收稿日期:2025-08-20 修回日期:2026-01-26 出版日期:2026-12-08 发布日期:2026-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 谢年华,硕士,副主任医师,武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北省武汉市 430024
  • 作者简介:钟晓平,女,1994年生,湖南省平江县人,汉族,湘南学院毕业,主要从事肾脏移植、终末期肾病方面的研究。

Correlation between body mass index and early recovery outcomes after kidney transplantation

Zhong Xiaoping1, Chen Dan1, Xie Nianhua2   

  1. 1Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430011, Hubei Province, China; 2Wuhan Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan 430024, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2025-08-20 Revised:2026-01-26 Online:2026-12-08 Published:2026-04-14
  • Contact: Xie Nianhua, MS, Associate chief physician, Wuhan Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan 430024, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Zhong Xiaoping, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430011, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:

摘要:



文题释义:
体质量指数:计算方法为体质量除以身高的平方,是国际上公认的判断个体肥胖程度的重要指标。一般根据其数值大小,可以评估个体是否偏轻、正常、超重或肥胖。
肾移植:将异体健康肾脏移植给终末期肾脏病患者的一种手术。肾移植与血液透析、腹膜透析均为终末期肾脏病的治疗方式,且患者具有更高的生活质量。

背景:肥胖在中国人群中占比逐年递增,但其对肾移植术后早期肾功能恢复的影响尚未系统阐明,亟待本土化研究提供循证依据。
目的:探讨不同体质量指数对肾移植受者术后早期肾功能恢复的影响,分析体质量指数与移植后肌酐、尿量及住院时间的关联,并提出个体化管理的临床建议。
方法:回顾性分析2019-2020年中南大学湘雅二医院收治的495例肾移植受者的临床资料,依据中国肥胖标准分为偏瘦组(体质量指数< 
18.5 kg/m²,n=78)、正常组(18.5 kg/m²≤体质量指数< 24 kg/m²,n=273)、超重组(24 kg/m²≤体质量指数< 28 kg/m²,n=119)及肥胖组(体质量指数≥28 kg/m²,n=25)。比较各组患者的基线特征、术后肌酐、尿量及住院天数差异,采用多因素回归分析体质量指数对术后恢复的独立影响。
结果与结论:①肥胖组患者年龄显著高于其他组(P < 0.001),活体供体比例(0%)最低(P=0.015),术后第1天肌酐水平及住院天数均最高(P < 0.001),尿量最低(P < 0.001);②多因素回归显示,体质量指数每增加1 kg/m²,术后第1天肌酐升高38 μmol/L(β=0.38,P < 0.001),尿量减少32 mL(β=-0.41,P < 0.001);③提示体质量指数升高是肾移植后早期肾功能恢复缓慢及住院时间延长的独立危险因素;基于中国肥胖标准(体质量指数≥28 kg/m²),建议对肥胖受者加强围术期监测,优化免疫抑制方案,并制定个体化液体管理策略,以改善预后,此次研究可为本土化体质量指数分层管理提供循证依据。

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1710-619X(钟晓平)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 体质量指数, 肾移植, 术后恢复, 肌酐, 尿量

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The proportion of obesity in the Chinese population has increased year by year, but its impact on early renal function recovery after kidney transplantation has not been systematically elucidated, and localized research is urgently needed to provide evidence-based basis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different body mass indexes on early renal function recovery in renal transplant recipients after surgery, to analyze the association between body mass index and postoperative creatinine, urine volume and hospital stay, and to propose clinical recommendations for individualized management.
METHODS: The clinical data of 495 renal transplant recipients in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2019 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the Chinese obesity standard, they were divided into a lean group (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2, n=78), a normal group (18.5 ≤ body mass index < 24 kg/m2, n=273), an overweight group (24 kg/m2 ≤ body mass index < 28 kg/m2, n=119), and an obese group (body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m2, n=25). The baseline characteristics, postoperative creatinine, urine volume, and hospital stay were compared among the groups. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the independent effect of body mass index on postoperative recovery. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The age of the obese group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P < 0.001), and the proportion of living donors was the lowest (0%, P=0.015). The creatinine level on the 1st day after surgery and hospitalization days were the highest (P < 0.001), and the urine volume was the lowest (P < 0.001). (2) Multivariate regression showed that for every 1 kg/m2 increase in body mass index, the creatinine level on the 1st day after surgery increased by 38 μmol/L (β=0.38, P < 0.001) and the urine volume decreased by 32 mL (β=-0.41, P < 0.001). These findings suggest that increased body mass index is an independent risk factor for slow early renal function recovery and prolonged hospital stay after kidney transplantation. Based on the Chinese obesity standard (body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m²), it is recommended to strengthen perioperative monitoring, optimize immunosuppression regimens, and develop individualized fluid management strategies for obese recipients to improve prognosis. This study provides evidence-based basis for the stratified management of body mass index tailored to local populations.


Key words: body mass index, kidney transplantation, postoperative recovery, creatinine, urine volume

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