中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (14): 2236-2240.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3124

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

环孢素转换为他克莫司对稳定期肾移植受者糖代谢和心血管风险的影响

王晓勃,王长安,韩健乐,杨青彦,杨帅平,杨俊伟   

  1. 郑州市第七人民医院肾移植肾内科,河南省郑州市  450016
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-31 修回日期:2020-04-03 接受日期:2020-05-13 出版日期:2021-05-18 发布日期:2020-12-31
  • 作者简介:王晓勃,男,1987年生,河南省郑州市人,汉族,2013年新乡医学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事肾移植术及术后管理研究。

Influence of conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus on glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk profiles in stable kidney transplant patients

Wang Xiaobo, Wang Changan, Han Jianle, Yang Qingyan, Yang Shuaiping, Yang Junwei   

  1. Department of Kidney Transplantation and Nephrology, the 7th People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2020-03-31 Revised:2020-04-03 Accepted:2020-05-13 Online:2021-05-18 Published:2020-12-31
  • About author:Wang Xiaobo, Master, Attending physician, Department of Kidney Transplantation and Nephrology, the 7th People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
肾移植:是治疗终末期肾病最理想的肾脏替代疗法。将健康者的肾脏移植给有肾脏病变并丧失肾脏功能的患者。当慢性肾功能不全发展至终末期,可用肾移植替代疗法。免疫抑制剂的应用可提高移植物和移植受者的长期存活率,而免疫抑制剂又是一把“双刃剑”,一面是其抗排斥反应疗效,另一面则是其不良反应。目前临床上常用的口服免疫抑制剂主要分为3大类:钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂、抗细胞增殖类抑制剂及糖皮质激素。
糖代谢:肾移植后糖尿病的发生原因目前尚不明确,一般认为与患者种族、年龄、体质量、家族史、丙肝病毒感染及免疫抑制剂方案有关。移植后糖代谢紊乱主要归因于免疫抑制剂的应用,目前绝大多数报道认为他克莫司比环孢素更易引起糖代谢异常,造成这一差别的原因可能由于他克莫司抑制胰岛素分泌的程度较环孢素大。

背景:对于稳定期肾移植受者,从环孢素向他克莫司转化的利弊尚不明确,一般认为环孢素的心血管风险更高,而他克莫司更易引起糖代谢的异常。
目的:探讨将环孢素转换为他克莫司对稳定期肾移植受者糖代谢和心血管风险的影响。
方法:将69例符合入组标准的肾移植受者随机分为转换组(n=36)和对照组(n=33),转换组将环孢素转换为他克莫司,对照组不转换。分别监测入组时、3个月和6个月时患者的血糖、血脂、血压、肾功能、心血管危险因素、体质量和联合用药情况等。该研究通过郑州市第七人民医院医学伦理委员会审核通过。
结果与结论:从入组到转换6个月后,空腹血糖从(5.6±1.0) mmol/L增加到(6.0±1.2) mmol/L(P=0.007);糖化血红蛋白从(5.7±0.8)%增加到(6.0±1.2)%(P=0.016);在心血管危险因素中,纤维蛋白原从(3.16±0.7) g/L降到(2.89±0.7) g/L(P=0.015);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平从(1.76±0.5) mmol/L降到(1.65±0.4) mmol/L(P=0.012);体质量指数从(24.3±3.6)kg/m2降到(23.7±3.4)kg/m2(P=0.037);其他指标无明显变化,包括肌酐、尿蛋白与肌酐比、血压、血脂(P > 0.05)。结果表明,将稳定期肾移植患者的免疫抑制剂方案从环孢素转换为他克莫司后血糖明显升高,而在降低心血管风险方面没有明显优势。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2197-5363 (王晓勃) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 肾移植, 他克莫司, 环孢素, 免疫抑制, 血糖, 血脂, 肾功能, 心血管风险

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The pros and cons of conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus are unclear in stable kidney transplant patients. It is generally believed that cyclosporine increases cardiovascular risks, while tacrolimus has a negative effect on glucose metabolism.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effects of conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus on glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in stable kidney transplant patients.
METHODS: Sixty-nine renal transplant recipients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a conversion group (n=36, cyclosporine was converted to tacrolimus) and a control group (n=33, cyclosporine was given continuously). Blood glucose, blood lipid, blood pressure, renal function, cardiovascular risk factors, body mass and combination medication were monitored at enrollment, 3 months and 6 months. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the 7th People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 6 months of conversion, fasting blood glucose level increased from (5.6±1.0) to (6.0±1.2) mmol/L (P=0.007); the glycosylated hemoglobin level increased from (5.7±0.8)% to (6.0±1.2)% (P=0.016). Among cardiovascular risk factors, fibrinogen level decreased from (3.16±0.7) to (2.89±0.7) g/L (P=0.015); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level decreased from (1.76±0.5) to (1.65±0.4) mmol/L (P=0.012); body mass index decreased from (24.3±3.6) to (23.7±3.4) kg/m2 (P=0.037). There were no significant changes in the other factors, including creatinine, urinary protein-creatinine ratio, blood pressure and blood lipid (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that switching immunosuppressant therapy from cyclosporine to tacrolimus significantly increases blood glucose level in stable kidney transplant patients, with no evident advantage in reducing cardiovascular risk.


Key words: kidney transplantation, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, immunosuppression, blood glucose, blood lipid, kidney function, cardiovascular risk

中图分类号: