中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (33): 5289-5294.doi: 10.12307/2024.651

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

三维组架螺钉与微创钢板固定Sanders Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的有限元分析

孔德伟1,宋  超2,吴  亮2,吴  铭2,龚璐璐3,汪嘉琪1,潘红元1,范鑫斌2,张  岩2   

  1. 1宁夏医科大学上海市浦东新区公利医院研究生培养基地,上海市   200135;2上海市浦东新区公利医院骨科,上海市   200135;3同济大学生命科学与技术学院,上海市   200092
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-31 接受日期:2023-09-19 出版日期:2024-11-28 发布日期:2024-01-30
  • 通讯作者: 范鑫斌,硕士,主治医师,上海市浦东新区公利医院骨科,上海市 200135
  • 作者简介:孔德伟,男,1996年生,甘肃省陇南市人,汉族,在读硕士,医师,主要从事创伤骨科、生物力学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市浦东新区卫生健康委员会2020年度卫生科技项目(PW2020A-43) ,项目负责人:范鑫斌;上海市浦东新区卫生系统重点学科(PWZxk2022-09),项目负责人:张岩

Finite element analysis of three-dimensional frame screws and minimally invasive plate for fixation of Sanders III calcaneal fractures

Kong Dewei1, Song Chao2, Wu Liang2, Wu Ming2, Gong Lulu3, Wang Jiaqi1, Pan Hongyuan1, Fan Xinbin2, Zhang Yan2   

  1. 1Postgraduate Training Base, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, China; 3College of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2023-07-31 Accepted:2023-09-19 Online:2024-11-28 Published:2024-01-30
  • Contact: Fan Xinbin, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, China
  • About author:Kong Dewei, Master candidate, Physician, Postgraduate Training Base, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Shanghai 200135, China
  • Supported by:
    The 2020 Health Technology Project of the Shanghai Pudong New Area Health Commission, No. PW2020A-43 (to FXB); Key Discipline of Health System in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, No. PWZxk2022-09 (to ZY)

摘要:


文题释义:

Sanders分型:1990年由Sanders提出,基于冠状位和轴位CT表现,根据后距下关节面骨折的情况,将关节内骨折分为4大类型:Ⅰ型,所有的无移位骨折;Ⅱ型,后距下关节面的两部分骨折;Ⅲ型,后距下关节面的三部分骨折,中央有塌陷的骨折块;Ⅳ型,关节面四部分骨折,严重粉碎骨折。这种分型主要反映了跟骨后关节面的损伤程度,已证明对治疗方法的选择和预后判断有重要意义。
骨科有限元技术:数字化有限元分析技术因节约成本、精准性、更能模拟机体力学等优点在国内外成为了研究热点。在骨科力学方面,可以施加不同的负荷、材料属性、边界条件,对应力、应变、刚度、位移情况等进行分析,解决了传统骨科力学研究有创性、环境影响大、费用高、耗时长的问题,成为研究骨科力学重要的工具。


背景:经皮复位加压固定的三维组架螺钉内固定在治疗Sanders Ⅲ型跟骨骨折上已经取得了满意的临床疗效,但在生物力学方面是否可以达到微创钢板内固定的稳定性,以及对比之后的优势与缺点还不得而知。

目的:通过有限元分析方法探讨不同内固定装置对Sanders Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的固定效果。
方法:选择 1 名 26 岁成年健康男性志愿者,根据其跟骨 CT 数据制作Sanders Ⅲ型跟骨骨折有限元模型。选用经皮微创三维组架螺钉、跗骨窦微创钢板分别固定跟骨骨折模型,分别施加350,700 N纵向载荷,分析2种模型的位移、应力分布情况,比较各种模型的稳定性。

结果与结论:①三维组架螺钉模型中骨块与内植物的峰值应力明显低于微创钢板模型,三维组架螺钉模型中骨块与内植物的平均应力也明显低于微创钢板模型;②2种模型的最大位移均位于后距关节面内侧,三维组架螺钉模型的最大位移小于微创钢板模型;③微创钢板模型前突骨块与内侧骨块的纵向位移更小,三维组架螺钉模型内侧骨块与中段骨块的横向与垂直位移更小;④提示2种内固定模型均能提供满意的固定效果,其中三维组架螺钉模型使应力分布更均匀、骨块综合位移更小,能提供更好的横向与垂直稳定性,而微创钢板在维持纵向稳定性上更具优势。

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0651-4141 (孔德伟)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 跟骨骨折, 生物力学, Sanders Ⅲ型, 内固定, 有限元分析, 螺钉, 微创钢板, 微创

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Satisfactory clinical results have been achieved in the treatment of Sanders III calcaneal fractures by percutaneous compression fixation with three-dimensional frame screws. However, whether the stability of minimally invasive plate internal fixation can be achieved in terms of biomechanics, and the advantages and disadvantages after comparison are still unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the fixation effect of different internal fixation devices on Sanders III calcaneal fractures by finite element analysis.  
METHODS: A finite element model of Sanders III calcaneal fracture was made based on CT data of a 26-year-old healthy male volunteer. The calcaneal fracture models were fixed by minimally invasive three-dimensional frame screws and minimally invasive Y-plate. The longitudinal loads of 350 and 700 N were applied respectively. The displacement and stress distribution of the two models were analyzed, and the stability of each model was compared. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The peak stress of bone block and implant in the minimally invasive three-dimensional frame screw model was significantly lower than that in the minimally invasive minimally invasive plate model. The average stress of bone block and implant in the three-dimensional frame screw model was also significantly lower than that in the minimally invasive plate model. (2) The maximum displacement of the two models was located at the medial side of the articular surface of the posterior talus, and the maximum displacement of the three-dimensional frame screw model was smaller than that of the minimally invasive plate model. (3) The longitudinal displacement between the anterior fragment and the medial fragment of the minimally invasive plate model was smaller, and the transverse and vertical displacement between the medial fragment and the middle fragment of the three-dimensional group screw model was smaller. (4) It is concluded that both of the two internal fixation models can provide satisfactory fixation effect. The three-dimensional frame screw model can provide better transverse and vertical stability with more uniform stress distribution and smaller comprehensive displacement of bone fragments, while the minimally invasive plate has more advantages in maintaining longitudinal stability.

Key words: calcaneal fracture, biomechanics, Sanders III type, internal fixation, finite element analysis, screw, minimally invasive plate, minimally invasive

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