中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (21): 3385-3392.doi: 10.12307/2024.601

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

组织工程治疗股骨头坏死软骨下分离的适用技术

黄艺轩,陈  浩,薛  鹏,席洪钟,何  帅,孙光权,杜  斌,刘  锌   

  1. 南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏省南京市   210029
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-19 接受日期:2023-07-20 出版日期:2024-07-28 发布日期:2023-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘锌,主治医师,南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏省南京市 210029 杜斌,博士生导师,主任医师,南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏省南京市 210029
  • 作者简介:黄艺轩,男,1997年生,南京中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事股骨头坏死保髋领域研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82074471),项目负责人:杜斌;国家自然科学基金青年基金(81804117),项目负责人:刘锌

Applicable techniques for subchondral separation of femoral head necrosis treated by tissue engineering

Huang Yixuan, Chen Hao, Xue Peng, Xi Hongzhong, He Shuai, Sun Guangquan, Du Bin, Liu Xin   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-05-19 Accepted:2023-07-20 Online:2024-07-28 Published:2023-09-28
  • Contact: Liu Xin, Attending physician, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China Du Bin, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Huang Yixuan, Master candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Project), No. 82074471 (to DB); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Fund), No. 81804117 (to LX)

摘要:


文题释义:

新月征:指在髋关节X射线片上坏死的股骨头位于软骨下出现的新月形低密度影区域,表明软骨下骨发生骨折。
骨-软骨界面:指位于长骨末端关节处骨向软骨转变的界面,该界面在细胞及细胞外基质组成、营养代谢及力学性能方面存在梯度性的复杂变化。


背景:股骨头坏死出现新月征是病情进程的“分水岭”,修复和稳定骨-软骨界面对阻止病情继续进展和预防股骨头塌陷尤为重要。利用组织工程学同步修复、整合骨-软骨界面具有潜在优势。

目的:综述探讨解决股骨头坏死软骨下分离的潜在适宜技术。
方法:检索1970年1月至2023年4月PubMed、Web of Science及中国知网、万方数据库中发表的相关文献,英文检索词:“Femoral head necrosis,Avascular necrosis of femoral head,Osteonecrosis of femoral head”等,中文检索词:“股骨头坏死,软骨下骨,软骨,软骨与软骨下骨整合”等,最终纳入114篇文献进行综述分析。

结果与结论:①结构缺陷、缺血缺氧环境、炎症因素和应力集中可能造成股骨头坏死软骨下分离现象,软骨下骨分离会造成塌陷进展,并且可能与保髋手术失败相关,利用组织工程支架实现支架与骨-软骨界面的整合是治疗股骨头坏死软骨下分离的潜在方法之一。②目前的文献研究表明,多相、梯度支架和复合材料在促进骨、软骨细胞黏附与增殖,骨软骨基质的沉积方面均有提升,有助于支架与骨-软骨界面的整合,对治疗股骨头坏死软骨下分离有参考价值。③通过对支架表面进行修饰可以提高与界面整合的效率,但有各自不同的优缺点,提供不同环境的支架能够诱导同种间充质干细胞差异分化,有助于不同界面之间的整合。④未来有望应用于股骨头坏死软骨下分离的支架应为复合材料,具有梯度化和差异化的仿生结构,通过表面修饰和干细胞加载促进骨-软骨界面与支架的整合以实现治疗目的,但仍需进一步研究验证,而支架的降解速率与修复进度同步和不同界面之间的稳定性是未来需要解决的主要问题。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1464-9073 (黄艺轩)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 股骨头坏死, 新月征, 软骨下分离, 骨软骨界面, 骨软骨组织工程, 界面整合, 复合材料, 仿生支架, 表面修饰, 间充质干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The appearance of the crescent sign in femoral head necrosis is a “turning point” in the progression of the disease, and repairing and stabilizing the bone-cartilage interface is particularly important in preventing further progression and collapse of the femoral head. Tissue engineering offers potential advantages in the simultaneous repair and integration of the bone-cartilage interface.  
OBJECTIVE: To review potentially suitable techniques addressing the subchondral separation in femoral head necrosis. 
METHODS: Relevant articles from January 1970 to April 2023 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) using English search terms “femoral head necrosis, avascular necrosis of femoral head, osteonecrosis of femoral head” and Chinese search terms “femoral head necrosis, subchondral bone, cartilage, integration of cartilage and subchondral bone”. A total of 114 articles were included for review and analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Structural defects, ischemic and hypoxic environment, inflammatory factors, and stress concentration may cause subchondral separation in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Subchondral bone collapse and failure of hip-preserving surgery may be associated. Integration of tissue engineering scaffolds with the bone-cartilage interface is one potential approach for treating subchondral separation in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. (2) Current literature suggests that multiphase scaffolds, gradient scaffolds, and composite materials have shown improvements in promoting cell adhesion, proliferation, and deposition of bone and cartilage matrix. These advancements aid in the integration of scaffolds with the bone-cartilage interface and have implications for the treatment of subchondral separation in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. (3) Surface modifications of scaffolds can enhance interface integration efficiency, but they have their advantages and disadvantages. Scaffolds providing different environments can induce differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and facilitate integration between different interfaces. (4) Future scaffolds for subchondral separation in osteonecrosis of the femoral head are expected to be composite materials with gradient and differentiated biomimetic structures. Surface modifications and stem cell loading can promote integration between the bone-cartilage interface and scaffolds for therapeutic purposes, but further experimental verification is still needed. Challenges include synchronizing scaffold degradation rate with repair progress and ensuring stability between different interfaces.

Key words: femoral head necrosis, crescent sign, subchondral separation, bone-cartilage interface, bone-cartilage tissue engineering, interface integration, composite material, biomimetic scaffold, surface modification, mesenchymal stem cell

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