中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (26): 4194-4201.doi: 10.12307/2024.419

• 软骨组织构建 cartilage tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

人骨关节炎软骨细胞上调成骨细胞中骨保护素的作用途径

李家乐1,2,罗达胜1,郑刘杰1,刘  伟1,姚运峰1   

  1. 1安徽医科大学第二附属医院,安徽省合肥市  230601;2安徽医科大学附属阜阳医院,安徽省阜阳市  236000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-10 接受日期:2023-07-24 出版日期:2024-09-18 发布日期:2023-10-07
  • 通讯作者: 姚运峰,博士,主任医师,安徽医科大学第二附属医院,安徽省合肥市 230601
  • 作者简介:李家乐,男,1995年生,安徽省阜南县人,汉族,2021年安徽医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节外科的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金项目(1608085MH167),项目负责人:姚运峰

Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes up-regulate the expression of osteoprotegerin in osteoblasts via the Indian hedgehog signaling pathway

Li Jiale1, 2, Luo Dasheng1, Zheng Liujie1, Liu Wei1, Yao Yunfeng1   

  1. 1The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China; 2Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2023-06-10 Accepted:2023-07-24 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2023-10-07
  • Contact: Yao Yunfeng, MD, Chief physician, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Li Jiale, Master, Physician, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China; Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province, No. 1608085MH167 (to YYF)

摘要:


文题释义:

印度刺猬蛋白(Indian hedgehog protein,IHH):是一种细胞信号蛋白,其是刺猬蛋白(Hedgehog protein,Hh)家族的成员之一,Hh在胚胎及出生后器官发育中起到重要的调控作用。近年研究发现IHH在骨关节炎的发生和发展中也起到调控作用。 
OPG/RANKL比值:OPG能够通过结合RANKL阻断 RANKL与其受体RANK结合抑制破骨细胞成熟,进而抑制骨吸收,因此OPG和RANKL的相对浓度和平衡决定了骨吸收和骨形成的平衡。当OPG的浓度高于RANKL时,骨吸收被抑制,有利于骨形成;相反,当RANKL的浓度高于OPG时,骨吸收增加,导致骨丢失。


背景:研究发现上调的刺猬蛋白信号将导致骨关节炎标志物蛇毒蛋白Runx2、聚蛋白多糖酶5、COL10A1以及基质金属蛋白酶13的升高,而抑制刺猬蛋白能减轻骨关节炎的严重程度。猜测骨关节炎软骨细胞能够通过印度刺猬蛋白(Indian hedgehog protein,IHH)信号通路影响成骨细胞来影响骨的形成。

目的:探索人骨关节炎软骨细胞对软骨下成骨细胞的影响。
方法:收集骨关节炎患者的胫骨平台标本,使用酶解法提取软骨细胞,利用酶预消化+骨块法提取成骨细胞。采用甲苯胺蓝染色和免疫荧光鉴定软骨细胞;采用碱性磷酸酶染色和免疫荧光鉴定成骨细胞,在海藻酸钠珠中以维持软骨细胞表型,将其与成骨细胞共培养,共培养系统中分别加入IHH信号通路的抑制剂(Cyclopamine,10 nmol/L)和激活剂(Purmorphamine,10 nmol/L),48 h后收集各组成骨细胞,利用qRT-PCR检测成骨细胞中Gli1、骨保护素、Runx2、甲状旁腺激素相关肽、碱性磷酸酶、核因子κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of NF-kB ligand,RANKL)以及骨钙素等基因mRNA的表达;利用Western blot检测各处理组的成骨细胞中GLi1、骨保护素、RANKL蛋白的表达。

结果与结论:①与骨关节炎软骨细胞共同培养时,成骨细胞中GLi1、骨保护素、RUNX2的mRNA表达水平明显增加,而甲状旁腺激素相关肽的mRNA表达水平相对降低(P < 0.05);加入IHH抑制剂(Cyclopamine)后,IHH信号通路目的基因Gli1在mRNA和蛋白水平上表达均明显降低(P < 0.05),加入IHH信号通路激活剂(Purmorphamine)后,Gli1在mRNA及蛋白水平上表达均明显升高(P < 0.05);骨保护素在实验中表现出与Gli1相同的变化趋势。②成骨细胞骨保护素/RANKL比值测定结果显示,与骨保护素的趋势相同。③结果表明,人骨关节炎软骨细胞能够促进成骨细胞中Gli1、骨保护素、Runx2等蛋白的表达;其中骨保护素的上调与IHH信号通路相关;骨关节炎软骨细胞能够通过IHH信号通路上调成骨细胞骨保护素的表达进而上调骨保护素/RANKL的比值,这将有助于软骨下骨中的骨形成。 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5888-3665(李家乐)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 骨关节炎, 成骨细胞, 软骨细胞, 印度刺猬信号通路, 骨保护素, 核因子κB受体活化因子配体

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Upregulation of hedgehog protein signaling can increase the expression of osteoarthritis markers, Runx2, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs, collagen type X alpha 1, and matrix metalloproteinase 13, while inhibition of hedgehog proteins attenuates the severity of osteoarthritis. It is speculated that osteoarthritic chondrocytes can influence bone formation by affecting osteoblasts through the Indian hedgehog protein (IHH) signaling pathway.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of human osteoarthritic chondrocytes on subchondral osteoblasts.
METHODS: Tibial plateau specimens from patients with osteoarthritis were collected. Chondrocytes were extracted using enzymatic digestion, and osteoblasts were extracted using enzymatic pre-digestion + bone block method. Chondrocytes were identified by toluidine blue staining and immunofluorescence and osteoblasts were identified by alkaline phosphatase staining and immunofluorescence. Chondrocytes were cultured in sodium alginate beads to maintain chondrocyte phenotype and co-cultured with osteoblasts. The co-culture system was added with IHH signaling pathway inhibitor (cyclopamine, 10 nmol/L) and activator (purmorphamine, 10 nmol/L) separately. After 48 hours of co-culture, osteoblasts from each group were collected, mRNA expressions of Gli1, osteoprotegerin, Runx2, parathyroid hormone-related peptide, alkaline phosphatase, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) and osteocalcin were detected by qRT-PCR, and protein expressions of GLi1, oseoprotegerin and RANKL in osteoblasts were detected by western blot.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mRNA expression levels of GLi1, osteoprotegerin and RUNX2 in osteoblasts were significantly increased, while the mRNA expression levels of parathyroid hormone-related peptide were decreased (P < 0.05) when co-cultured with human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. The mRNA and protein levels of Gli1 were significantly decreased after the addition of IHH signaling pathway inhibitor (cyclopamine) (P < 0.05), and the mRNA and protein levels of Gli1 were significantly increased after the addition of IHH signaling pathway activator (purmorphamine) (P < 0.05). Osteoprotegerin showed the same trend as Gli1 in the experiment. The osteoprotegerin/RANKL ratio followed the same trend as osteoprotegerin.  To conclude, human osteoarthritic chondrocytes can promote the expression of Gli1, osteoprotegerin, Runx2 and other proteins in osteoblasts. The upregulation of osteoprotegerin is related to the IHH signaling pathway. Osteoarthritic chondrocytes can up-regulate the expression of osteoprotegerin in osteoblasts through the IHH signaling pathway and thus up-regulate the osteoprotegerin/RANKL ratio, which will contribute to bone formation in subchondral bone.

Key words: osteoarthritis, osteoblast, chondrocyte, Indian hedgehog signaling pathway, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand

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