中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 32-37.doi: 10.12307/2024.105

• 脂肪干细胞 adipose-derived stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

脂肪间充质干细胞过表达骨形态发生蛋白2促进骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨缺损修复

何莉君1,漆小娟2   

  1. 1成都大学附属医院,四川省成都市   610081;2重庆医科大学附属口腔医院,重庆市   400016
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-08 接受日期:2023-02-24 出版日期:2024-01-08 发布日期:2023-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 何莉君,副主任医师,成都大学附属医院,四川省成都市 610081
  • 作者简介:何莉君,女,1978年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,2006年泸州医学院毕业,副主任医师,主要从事口腔医学方面的研究。

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 promote alveolar bone defect repair in osteoporosis rats

He Lijun1, Qi Xiaojuan2   

  1. 1Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan Province, China; 2Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
  • Received:2022-11-08 Accepted:2023-02-24 Online:2024-01-08 Published:2023-06-28
  • Contact: He Lijun, Associate chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:He Lijun, Associate chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

骨质疏松症:是一种慢性系统性骨病,以骨微细结构破坏、骨量下降为特征。骨质疏松症患者骨脆性增加,容易发生骨折,以老年人和绝经后妇女居多。
脂肪间充质干细胞:来源于脂肪组织,具有自我更新和多向分化能力,如分化为脂肪细胞、骨细胞、软骨细胞及内皮细胞等,同时具有较低的免疫排斥性。脂肪间充质干细胞已被广泛用于骨质疏松症和骨缺损的治疗。

背景:颌骨在骨质疏松症中最容易受累,脂肪间充质干细胞和骨形态发生蛋白2具有促进骨质疏松症骨再生的效果,然而骨形态发生蛋白2修饰的脂肪间充质干细胞对骨质疏松症牙槽骨缺损的修复作用鲜有报道。
目的:探究过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞对骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨缺损的修复作用。
方法:①将过表达骨形态发生蛋白2基因的慢病毒感染大鼠脂肪间充质干细胞,通过检测绿色荧光蛋白和骨形态发生蛋白2表达进行鉴定;②切除卵巢建立骨质疏松大鼠模型,于上颌两侧第一磨牙位置制备3 mm×3 mm×3 mm的圆柱形缺损;③假手术组和骨质疏松组大鼠植入明胶海绵,脂肪间充质干细胞组植入空载体慢病毒感染的脂肪间充质干细胞与明胶海绵复合体,过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组植入过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞与明胶海绵复合体,1个月后进行相关指标检测。

结果与结论:①脂肪间充质干细胞组和过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组转染效率均达到70%以上;与脂肪间充质干细胞组相比,过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组骨形态发生蛋白2蛋白表达水平明显升高(P < 0.05);②假手术组骨缺损区可见大量新骨生成;与假手术组相比,骨质疏松组有少量新骨生成,新骨面积明显减小,碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素及骨形态发生蛋白2 mRNA和蛋白水平明显降低;与骨质疏松组相比,脂肪间充质干细胞组和过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组有大量新骨生成,新骨面积明显增加,碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素及骨形态发生蛋白2 mRNA和蛋白水平明显升高,且过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞组优于脂肪间充质干细胞组(均P < 0.05);③结果表明,骨形态发生蛋白2在骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨表达较少,过表达骨形态发生蛋白2的脂肪间充质干细胞能够促进骨质疏松大鼠牙槽骨缺损的成骨再生。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1485-3972 (何莉君) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 骨形态发生蛋白2, 脂肪间充质干细胞, 骨质疏松, 牙槽骨, 修复

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Jaws are most vulnerable to osteoporosis. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone morphogenetic protein 2 have the effect of promoting bone regeneration in osteoporosis. However, the repair effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on alveolar bone defects in osteoporosis is rarely reported.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the repair effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 on alveolar bone defects in osteoporosis rats.
METHODS: (1) The rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were infected with lentivirus overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene, and identified by detecting the expression of green fluorescent protein and bone morphogenetic protein 2. (2) Osteoporosis rat model was established by ovariectomy. A 3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm cylindrical defect was prepared at the first molar position on both sides of the upper jaw. (3) Gelatin sponge was implanted in rats of the sham operation group and osteoporosis group. In the adipose-derived stem cell group, the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells infected with empty vector lentivirus and gelatin sponge complex were implanted. In the adipose-derived mesenchymal mesenchymal stem cell group overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2, a complex of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 and gelatin sponge was implanted. Relevant indexes were tested one month later.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The transfection efficiency of the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 reached more than 70%. Compared with the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group, the level of bone morphogenetic protein-2 protein in the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein-2 was significantly higher (P < 0.05). (2) A large amount of new bone could be seen in the bone defect area of the sham operation group. Compared with the sham operation group, the osteoporotic group had a small amount of new bone formation; the new bone area was significantly reduced, and alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced. Compared with the osteoporosis group, the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group and the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 had a large number of new bone formation; the area of new bone was significantly increased, and the levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 mRNA and protein were significantly increased. Moreover, the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 was superior to the adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell group (all P < 0.05). (3) The results showed that bone morphogenetic protein 2 was less expressed in the alveolar bone of osteoporosis rats, and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing bone morphogenetic protein 2 could promote osteogenesis and regeneration of alveolar bone defects in osteoporosis rats.

Key words: bone morphogenetic protein-2, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell, osteoporosis, alveolar bone, repair

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