中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (24): 3910-3919.doi: 10.12307/2023.677

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

不同信号通路对牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的影响

付秋月,兰兴明,徐溶蔚,王  浩,杨  琨   

  1. 遵义医科大学,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-26 接受日期:2022-10-14 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 杨琨,博士,副教授,遵义医科大学,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:付秋月,女,2001年生,贵州省遵义市人,汉族。 兰兴明,女,2000年生,云南省丽江市人,彝族。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省卫健委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2022-169),项目负责人:杨琨;贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2020]1Y328),项目负责人:杨琨;遵义市科技计划项目[遵市科合HZ字(2021)302号],项目负责人:杨琨

Effects of different signaling pathways on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

Fu Qiuyue, Lan Xingming, Xu Rongwei, Wang Hao, Yang Kun   

  1. Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-08-26 Accepted:2022-10-14 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-01-19
  • Contact: Yang Kun, PhD, Associate professor, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Fu Qiuyue, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China Lan Xingming, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Health Commission, No. gzwkj2022-169 (to YK); Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Fund Plan, No. [2020]1Y328 (to YK); Science and Technology Plan Project of Zunyi, No. HZ(2021)302 (to YK)

摘要:

文题释义:

牙周膜干细胞:是一种来源于牙周膜组织的干细胞,是具有良好增殖、自我更新和多向分化潜能的间充质干细胞,可分化为成牙骨质细胞、成纤维细胞及成骨细胞,并可形成牙骨质、牙周膜及牙槽骨样组织,参与牙周组织的修复和重建,可有效地应用于牙周组织再生。
信号通路:在生物体的生长发育过程中,伴随着一系列的酶促反应。当细胞外的信号分子与细胞膜上的特定受体结合后,受体蛋白将细胞外信号转变为细胞内信号,经信号级联放大、分散和调节,最终产生一系列综合性的细胞应答,这一系列的信号传递即为信号通路。

背景:牙周膜干细胞作为牙源性间充质干细胞的一种,具有成骨分化潜能,可应用于牙周组织再生修复,而牙周膜干细胞的成骨分化涉及多种信号通路的调控。
目的:综述目前已研究因子介导的与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化相关的信号通路及其对成骨分化的影响。
方法:在PubMed和中国知网数据库,设置检索时间为2010-2022年,总结了2010年以来与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化相关的8个信号通路的研究进展,最终纳入60篇文献进行分析讨论。

结果与结论:①牙周膜干细胞作为牙源性间充质干细胞,具有良好的增殖、自我更新及多向分化潜能的特点;作为牙周组织再生修复的种子细胞,牙周膜干细胞应用于牙周炎的治疗具有广阔的前景。②目前已有大量研究证实各类因子与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化之间的潜在关系是通过介导各信号通路产生,虽然各信号通路在促进牙周膜干细胞成骨分化方面均有一定作用,但研究最多的是MAPK信号通路和Wnt信号通路。③MAPK信号通路包括4条途径,广泛存在于细胞中,对于调节细胞的增殖及分化发挥着重要作用;经典的Wnt/β-连环蛋白通路是控制骨稳态的最重要信号通路之一,已有大量研究证实其与牙周膜干细胞成骨分化存在相关性。④目前大多数研究仅通过体外矿化实验证实了某些因子可以激活MAPK信号通路和经典的Wnt/β-连环蛋白通路,提高矿化基因的表达,进而促进牙周膜干细胞成骨分化,但对于这些通路如何被激活,以及该通路影响牙周膜干细胞成骨分化的具体机制还有待进一步研究。⑤不同研究因子介导的各类信号通路的激活或抑制显著地影响了牙周膜干细胞的成骨分化;了解牙周膜干细胞成骨分化相关信号通路,将有利于牙周膜干细胞应用于牙周组织再生,从而有效减少因牙周炎而导致的牙齿脱落。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-9599(付秋月);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-0293(兰兴明);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7720-8681 (杨琨) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 牙周膜干细胞, 成骨分化, 信号通路, 牙周炎, 牙周组织, 再生修复, 组织工程, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periodontal membrane stem cells, as a kind of odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells, have osteogenic differentiation potential and can be applied to periodontal tissue regeneration and repair, while the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells involves the regulation of multiple signaling pathways.  
OBJECTIVE: To review the factor-mediated signaling pathways associated with osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells and their effects on osteogenic differentiation.
METHODS: In PubMed and CNKI, the search time was set from 2010 to 2022. The research progress of eight major signaling pathways associated with osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells since 2010 was summarized. Finally, 60 articles were included for analysis and discussion.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Periodontal membrane stem cells, as odontogenic mesenchymal stem cells, have the characteristics of good proliferation, self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation potential. As seed cells for periodontal tissue regeneration and restoration, periodontal membrane stem cells have broad prospects for the treatment of periodontitis. (2) At present, a large number of studies have confirmed that the potential relationship between various factors and periodontal membrane stem cell osteogenic differentiation is generated by mediating each signaling pathway. Although each signaling pathway has a certain role in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells, the most studied is the MAPK signaling pathway and the Wnt signaling pathway. (3) The MAPK signaling pathway includes four pathways, which are widely present in cells and play an important role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The classic Wnt/β-catenin pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways for controlling bone homeostasis, and numerous studies have confirmed its association with osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells. (4) At present, most of the current research has only confirmed through in vitro mineralization experiments that certain factors can activate the MAPK signaling pathway and the classic Wnt/β-catenin pathway, improve the expression of mineralization genes, and thus promote the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells, but further research is needed on how these pathways are activated and the specific mechanisms of this pathway affecting the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells. (5) The activation or inhibition of various signaling pathways mediated by different research factors significantly affected the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells. Understanding the signaling pathways associated with osteogenic differentiation of periodontal membrane stem cells will facilitate the application of periodontal membrane stem cells to periodontal tissue regeneration, thereby effectively reducing tooth loss due to periodontitis.

Key words: periodontal membrane stem cell, osteogenic differentiation, signaling pathway, periodontitis, periodontal tissue, regenerative restoration, tissue engineering, review

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