中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (25): 3984-3991.doi: 10.12307/2023.508

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海藻酸钠/壳聚糖/58S生物玻璃复合膜引导骨再生的生物相容性及体外成骨分化

何  帆1,单显峰2,熊秀利1,王学金3   

  1. 1四川大学华西医院眉山医院,四川省眉山市  620010;2大连大学附属新华医院,辽宁省大连市  116000;3大连大学附属中山医院,辽宁省大连市  116000
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-08 接受日期:2022-08-27 出版日期:2023-09-08 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 熊秀利,主治医师,四川大学华西医院眉山医院,四川省眉山市 620010
  • 作者简介:何帆,1992年生,四川省南充市人,汉族,口腔医学硕士,医师,主要从事口腔种植学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    眉山市科技计划(指导性)项目(2020KJZD20),项目负责人:熊秀利

Biocompatibility and in vitro osteogenic differentiation of alginates/chitosan/58S bioglass composite membrane for guided bone regeneration

He Fan1, Shan Xianfeng2, Xiong Xiuli1, Wang Xuejin3   

  1. 1Meishan City People’s Hospital, Meishan 620010, Sichuan Province, China; 2Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China; 3Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2022-06-08 Accepted:2022-08-27 Online:2023-09-08 Published:2023-01-17
  • Contact: Xiong Xiuli, Attending physician, Meishan City People’s Hospital, Meishan 620010, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:He Fan, Master, Physician, Meishan City People’s Hospital, Meishan 620010, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Meishan Science and Technology Plan (Instructive) Project, No. 2020KJZD20 (to XXL)

摘要:

文题释义:

天然生物聚合物:衍生自生物体细胞或细胞外物质的聚合生物分子,包含共价键形成较大结构的单体单元,可以分为3大类:多核苷酸、多肽和多糖。
溶胀比:交联高聚物因吸收一定量溶剂而发生溶胀,当达到溶胀平衡时,其体积与溶胀前体积之比为溶胀比。
引导骨再生策略:一般来说,拟种植区骨缺损愈合和新骨形成的主要问题是结缔组织迅速出现并占据了缺损区。通常,骨缺损区结缔组织的存在会阻止成骨。最终,不完全的愈合经常导致薄壁骨缺损的出现。现代引导骨再生技术就是利用生物隔膜在骨面封闭骨缺损区或预期成骨的空间,根据实际需要联合多种类的骨充填物以达到完全成骨的目的。

背景:天然生物聚合物具有优异的生物降解能力,含有类似于天然细胞外基质的结构,有利于组织修复。将天然生物聚合物应用于探索新的可吸收膜有着巨大潜力。
目的:将58S生物玻璃引入海藻酸钠/壳聚糖聚合体系中,制备出新的可吸收膜,初步研究其理化性能和体外生物活性,探讨其作为引导骨再生膜的可行性。
方法:依照0,5,7.5和10 g/L的58S生物玻璃浓度梯度,制备出海藻酸钠/壳聚糖/58S生物玻璃复合膜,分别记为0BG、0.5BG、0.75BG和1BG复合膜。通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜对各组复合膜进行形貌表征,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和溶胀比检测对各组复合膜进行物理化学表征,通过体外降解实验、蛋白质吸附实验、细胞黏附实验、细胞增殖实验和碱性磷酸酶活力测试比较各组复合膜的生物性能差异。

结果与结论:①金相显微镜和扫描电镜显示,各组样品都具有水凝胶典型多孔结构,并且生物玻璃颗粒嵌入到了复合膜的孔隙中,所有复合膜孔隙率均大于90%,孔隙率大小顺序为:0BG>0.5BG>0.75BG>1BG;②在傅里叶变换红外光谱检测中,可观察到海藻酸钠和壳聚糖形成聚合物的特征峰,也观察到生物玻璃存在于聚合物中的证据;58S 物玻璃加入后,复合膜在溶胀比、体外降解和生物活性等方面均展现一定的优势,且该优势随生物玻璃含量的升高而更加明显,其中0.75BG和1BG复合膜可以在较长时间上表现出较高水平的成骨分化;③结果表明,在实验研究范围内,当58S生物玻璃的质量浓度为7.5,10 g/L时,以海藻酸钠/壳聚糖/58S生物玻璃为基础构建出的复合膜可以实现较为优异的生物活性,将其应用于引导骨再生研究中是具有潜力的。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3527-4234(何帆)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 引导骨再生, 可吸收膜, 天然聚合物, 海藻酸钠, 壳聚糖, 生物玻璃

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural biopolymers have excellent biodegradability. Their structures are similar to natural extracellular matrix, which is conducive to tissue repair. Natural biopolymers have a great potential in developing new absorbable membranes. 
OBJECTIVE: To develop a new absorbable membrane for guided bone regeneration by incorporating 58S bioglass powders into alginate/chitosan composites and study the physical, chemical and biological properties. 
METHODS: Alginate/chitosan/bioglass composite membranes were prepared according to the concentration gradient of 0, 5, 7.5 and 10 g/L 58S bioglass. The groups were recorded as 0BG, 0.5BG, 0.75BG and 1BG composite membranes according to the concentration gradient. The morphology of each group of composite membranes was characterized by metallurgical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The physiochemical properties of the resultant polymers were assessed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and swelling ratio in each group. The biological properties of the composite membranes were compared by in vitro degradation experiments, protein adsorption experiments, cell adhesion experiments, cell proliferation experiments and alkaline phosphatase activity tests in each group. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Metallurgical microscope and scanning electron microscope showed that samples of each group had the typical porous structure of hydrogel, and the bioglass particles were embedded in the pores of the composite membrane. The porosity of all composite membranes was greater than 90%. The sequence was: 0BG > 0.5BG > 0.75BG > 1BG. (2) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy exhibited the characteristic peaks of the polymer formed by alginate and chitosan and the evidence of the existence of bioglass in the polymer. The composite membranes with 58S bioglass powders showed certain advantages in swelling ratio, in vitro degradation and biological activity, and this advantage was more obvious with the increase of bioglass content. In particular, 0.75BG and 1BG composite membranes could exhibit a high level of osteogenic differentiation over a long period of time. (3) These results suggested that in the experimental research range, when the mass concentration of 58S bioglass was 7.5 and 10 g/L, the alginate/chitosan/bioglass composite membranes can achieve relatively excellent biological activity, and it has the potential to be applied in the study of guided bone regeneration.

Key words: guided bone regeneration, absorbable membrane, natural biopolymers, alginates, chitosan, bioglass

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