中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (15): 2379-2384.doi: 10.12307/2023.376

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

牙髓再生组织工程中的细胞共培养体系

张楚晗1,张东敏2,徐稳安1   

  1. 1南方医科大学深圳口腔医院(坪山),广东省深圳市   510811;2南方医科大学口腔医学院,广东省广州市   510515
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-14 接受日期:2022-07-07 出版日期:2023-05-28 发布日期:2022-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 徐稳安,副教授,副主任医师,南方医科大学深圳口腔医院(坪山),广东省深圳市 510811
  • 作者简介:张楚晗,女,汉族,1997年生,广东省东莞市人,南方医科大学在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(81700956),项目负责人:徐稳安;南方医科大学深圳口腔医院(坪山)院长基金(2021A001),项目负责人:徐稳安

Cell co-culture system of dental pulp regenerative tissue engineering

Zhang Chuhan1, Zhang Dongmin2, Xu Wenan1   

  1. 1Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 510811, Guangdong Province, China; 2School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-14 Accepted:2022-07-07 Online:2023-05-28 Published:2022-10-18
  • Contact: Xu Wenan, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 510811, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Chuhan, Master candidate, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 510811, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Project), No. 81700956 (to XWA); Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital (Pingshan) Dean Fund of Southern Medical University, No. 2021A001 (to XWA)

摘要:

文题释义:
牙髓再生:不同于传统根管治疗中去除感染牙髓并用牙胶尖充填根管,牙髓再生利用干细胞的增殖、分化和迁徙能力,通过支架材料、生物因子等诱导使干细胞定植于牙髓腔内并再生为具有与健康牙髓相同生理功能和生物学结构的新生牙髓组织。
共培养体系:将主体细胞与组合细胞置于同一培养体系中,通过直接或间接的细胞交流,组合细胞为主体细胞提供适宜增殖分化的微环境,从而实现诱导细胞定向分化、提高细胞增殖分化能力和组织形成与健康组织相似生物学结构的目的。

背景:常规根管治疗去除所有牙髓组织会导致牙的生理功能和组织再生能力丧失,体外培养牙髓干细胞并使之形成牙髓样组织,再移植入髓腔内成为了理想的牙髓再生治疗方法。
目的:汇总阐述通过共培养体系诱导牙髓干细胞形成牙髓样组织的研究进展,为牙髓组织再生的干细胞治疗方法提供思路。
方法:第一作者于PubMed、中国知网和万方数据库检索时限为2022年5月以前发表的相关文献。英文检索词为“dental pulp regeneration,dental pulp stem cell,co-culture,tissue engineering,signaling pathway”,中文检索词为“牙髓再生、牙髓干细胞、共培养、组织工程、支架、信号通路”,纳入67篇符合标准的文献进行总结阐述。
结果与结论:①共培养体系由细胞主体和组合细胞通过不同的组合方式构成。②现阶段共培养体系组合方式可分为直接共培养与间接共培养2种,生物支架材料的介入、培养条件的改变等作用又可将共培养结局分为二维和三维再生组织。③直接共培养通过细胞间接触构建生理性的细胞外基质以及利于干细胞增殖分化的微环境。④间接共培养解决了组合细胞来源不足、不同个体间免疫排异反应等问题,组合细胞产生的生物因子更易制成临床使用的药物和生物支架材料。⑤目前共培养体系在成血管有优越表现,但其他结构相关报道较少,且共培养结局形成的再生组织仍具有不确定性。同时,由于牙体解剖结构、排异反应等限制因素,将共培养体系生成的再生组织运用于临床仍然困难。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8466-2797 (张楚晗);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7481-5283 (徐稳安) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 牙髓再生, 组织再生, 牙髓干细胞, 细胞共培养, 共培养体系, 条件培养基, 生物支架, 组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: By removing all pulp tissue from the tooth, conventional root canal therapy will cause teeth to lose their physiological function and ability to regenerate tissue. The cultivation of dental pulp stem cells in vitro, the formation of dental pulp-like tissue, and the transplantation of this tissue into the pulp cavity have become an ideal method of dental pulp regeneration.  
OBJECTIVE: To summarize research progress on forming dental pulp-like tissue from dental pulp stem cells via a co-culture system, as well as provide ideas for stem cell therapy for dental pulp tissue regeneration.
METHODS: The first author searched PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases for relevant literature published before May 2022. The English search terms were “dental pulp regeneration, dental pulp stem cell, co-culture, tissue engineering, signaling pathway”, and the Chinese search terms were “dental pulp regeneration, dental pulp stem cells, co-culture, tissue engineering, scaffold, signaling pathway”. Totally 67 articles meeting the criteria were summarized and described.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Different combinations of cells are used in co-culture systems to form the main body of the cell and the combined body. (2) Direct co-culture and indirect co-culture are the two types of combination modes at present. Through the intervention of biological scaffold materials and a change in culture conditions, the co-culture outcome can be divided into two-dimensional regenerated tissues and three-dimensional regenerated tissues. (3) Direct co-culture creates an extracellular matrix and microenvironment that facilitates stem cell proliferation and differentiation through intercellular contact. (4) Indirect co-culture addresses the problem of insufficient sources of combined cells and immune rejection between individuals. The biological factors produced by the combined cells can be more easily made into clinical drugs and biological scaffold materials. (5) Though the co-culture system has superior performance in angiogenesis, there are few reports on other structures, and the regeneration of tissue from the co-culture outcome is uncertain. Furthermore, there are limitations to applying newly generated tissue generated by the co-culture system to clinical practice due to tooth anatomical constraints and rejection mechanisms.

Key words: dental pulp regeneration, tissue regeneration, dental pulp stem cell, cell co-culture, co-culture system, conditioned medium, biological scaffold, tissue engineering

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