中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (15): 2385-2394.doi: 10.12307/2023.361

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

中药调控神经干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的作用机制

应春苗1,麻玉成1,樊飞燕1,高  晨1,王绍娜1,杨  星1,张运克1,2   

  1. 1河南中医药大学,河南省郑州市   450046;2河南中医药大学第一附属医院,河南省郑州市   450000
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-05 接受日期:2022-06-25 出版日期:2023-05-28 发布日期:2022-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 张运克,博士,2007年从中国中医科学院博士后流动站出站,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,博士后合作导师,河南中医药大学,河南省郑州市 450046;河南中医药大学第一附属医院,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 作者简介:应春苗,女,1996年生,河南省漯河市人,汉族,河南中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事中医药防治神经内科疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81974564),项目负责人:张运克;中原英才计划-科技创新领军人才项目(224200510027),项目负责人:张运克

Action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine to regulate neural stem cells in treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Ying Chunmiao1, Ma Yucheng1, Fan Feiyan1, Gao Chen1, Wang Shaona1, Yang Xing1, Zhang Yunke1, 2   

  1. 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; 2First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2022-05-05 Accepted:2022-06-25 Online:2023-05-28 Published:2022-10-18
  • Contact: Zhang Yunke, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Post-doctoral cooperative supervisor, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Ying Chunmiao, Master candidate, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81974564 (to ZYK); the Zhongyuan Talent Program - Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project, No. 224200510027 (to ZYK)

摘要:

文题释义:
神经干细胞:是一种自我更新能力强且具多向分化潜能的神经祖细胞,可以分化为多种细胞类型,例如神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞,具有营养神经、促进神经再生和免疫调节作用。
阿尔茨海默病:是一种神经退行性病变,患者常出现近期记忆障碍、理解、计划、解决问题等能力下降,严重者导致死亡,其具体病因迄今未明,但年龄是公认的危险因素。阿尔茨海默病的病理机制尚未确定,其病理特征是大脑皮质和海马区域的神经元大量死亡及神经元变性。

背景:神经干细胞具有修复和代替受损神经细胞、刺激神经发生、重建细胞环路、抑制细胞凋亡的作用,治疗阿尔茨海默病的效果良好,中药在调控神经干细胞增殖、分化及提高神经细胞活力与细胞生存率等方面亦存在显著疗效。
目的:综述中药调控神经干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的机制,以期为阿尔茨海默病的新药研究及治疗提供参考。
方法:检索万方、CNKI、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库2010-2022年期间关于中药调控神经干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的文献,以“神经干细胞,中药,阿尔茨海默病”为中文检索词,以“neural stem cells(NSCs),Alzheimer’s disease,Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)”为英文检索词。排除陈旧及重复的观点,将检索到的文献进行分析整理,共纳入121篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:①梳理了神经干细胞、阿尔茨海默病的定义及发病机制;②总结了中药调控神经干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的作用机制,主要包括促进神经干细胞增殖、改善脑内微环境、抑制神经细胞凋亡、诱导神经干细胞向神经元分化、改善神经炎症、调控血管神经单元;③通过现有的研究总结了中药调控神经干细胞治疗阿尔茨海默病的相关因子及信号通路,如Nestin蛋白、微管相关蛋白、脑源性神经营养因子、血管内皮生长因子及Notch信号通路、P13k/Akt信号通路、脑源性神经营养因子/TrkB信号通路和Wnt/β-catenin信号通路等,为今后阿尔茨海默病特效药物及新治疗方法的研究提供相关参考。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-1535 (张运克) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 神经干细胞, 神经再生, 神经分化, 细胞凋亡, 阿尔茨海默病, 中药, 中药复方, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Neural stem cells have the effect of repairing, replacing damaged nerve cells, stimulating neurogenesis, rebuilding cell circuits, inhibiting apoptosis, and have shown a good therapeutic effect in the study of Alzheimer’s disease. Traditional Chinese medicine also has significant efficacy on regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells and improving nerve cell viability and cell survival.  
OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine regulating neural stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, so as to provide a reference for the research and treatment of new drugs for Alzheimer’s disease.
METHODS: The articles on Wanfang, CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science and other databases about neural stem cell regulated by traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease from 2010 to 2022 were searched, with “neural stem cells, traditional Chinese medicine, Alzheimer’s disease” as the key words in Chinese and English. The outdated and repetitive viewpoints were excluded, and the retrieved articles were analyzed and sorted out, and a total of 121 articles were included for analysis.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The definition and pathogenesis of neural stem cells and Alzheimer’s disease were sorted out. (2) The mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating neural stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease was summarized, mainly including promoting the proliferation of neural stem cells, improving the microenvironment in the brain, inhibiting the apoptosis of nerve cells, inducing neural stem cell differentiation into neurons, improving neuroinflammation, and regulating vascular nerve units. (3) Through the existing research, the relevant factors and signaling pathways of traditional Chinese medicine to regulate neural stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease were summarized, such as Nestin protein, microtubule-associated protein, cerebrogenic neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and Notch signal pathway, P13k/Akt signaling pathway, brain-derived neurotrophic factor/TrkB signaling pathway, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It may provide a relevant reference for the future research on new drugs for Alzheimer’s disease and new clinical treatment methods.

Key words: neural stem cell, nerve regeneration, nerve differentiation, apoptosis, Alzheimer’s disease, traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine compound, review

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