中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 1669-1676.doi: 10.12307/2023.181

• 组织工程相关大数据分析 Big data analysis in tissue engineering • 上一篇    下一篇

铜死亡基因在骨关节炎免疫浸润中的生物信息学分析

王伟伟1,欧志学2,周  毅1,李  统1   

  1. 1广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530000;2桂林市中医医院,广西壮族自治区桂林市  541002
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-07 接受日期:2022-06-25 出版日期:2023-04-18 发布日期:2022-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 欧志学,博士,主任医师,桂林市中医医院,广西壮族自治区桂林市 541002
  • 作者简介:王伟伟,男,1994年生,浙江省温岭市人,汉族,广西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事骨与关节疾病及运动损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFAA196033),项目参与人:周毅;广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY21-78),项目负责人:欧志学;广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目(YCSY2020080),项目负责人:周毅

Bioinformatics analysis of cuproptosis genes in immune infiltration of osteoarthritis

Wang Weiwei1, Ou Zhixue2, Zhou Yi1, Li Tong1   

  1. 1Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Guilin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guilin 541002, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2022-05-07 Accepted:2022-06-25 Online:2023-04-18 Published:2022-09-27
  • Contact: Ou Zhixue, MD, Chief physician, Guilin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guilin 541002, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Weiei, Master candidate, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2021GXNSFAA196033 (to ZY [project participant]); Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Appropriate Technology Development and Promotion Project, No. GZSY21-78 (to OZX); Guangxi Innovation Program for Postgraduate Education, No. YCSY2020080 (to ZY)

摘要:

文题释义:
铜死亡:是近期新发现的一种细胞程序性死亡,主要依赖于线粒体呼吸,铜与三羧酸循环的脂化组分直接结合,促使脂酰化蛋白聚集和铁-硫簇蛋白丢失,蛋白质脂化导致蛋白毒性应激,最终致使细胞死亡。
生物信息学:是指整合计算机科学、生物学和信息技术,以此分析复杂生物数据的一门学科。

背景:免疫浸润在骨关节炎的病程发展过程中发挥着重要作用,而铜死亡是近期最新发现的一种新型细胞程序性死亡,目前尚未有铜死亡基因调控免疫浸润在骨关节炎中的相关机制研究。
目的:整合铜死亡基因和GEO数据库相关芯片,分析铜死亡基因与免疫浸润之间的关联性,构建风险模型,并进行基因本体、京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析以及miRNA、中药预测,为今后骨关节炎免疫浸润方面的铜死亡机制挖掘提供理论支持。
方法:通过GEO数据库检索符合条件的骨关节炎相关芯片,对其进行标准化处理;基于处理后的基因表达矩阵进行免疫浸润提取和量化,分析免疫浸润细胞及功能之间的相关性,以及它们在骨关节炎组和对照组中的差异性;整合处理后的铜死亡基因表达矩阵和标准化处理后的芯片基因表达矩阵,筛选出与骨关节炎相关的铜死亡基因,并构建风险模型,分析骨关节炎铜死亡相关基因的风险概率,另外通过FunRich软件预测其上游miRNA;最后通过Enrichr网站和Coremine Medical数据库对骨关节炎铜死亡相关基因进行基因本体、京都基因与基因组百科全书富集分析及中药预测。
结果与结论:①免疫浸润相关性结果显示,树状突细胞和肥大细胞呈最强的正相关性(r=0.87),肥大细胞和肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞呈最强的负相关性(r=-0.81);②免疫浸润差异性分析显示,骨关节炎组中的树状突细胞、未成熟树状突细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞、中性粒细胞、抗原呈递共抑制和趋化因子C-C-基序受体显著增加(P < 0.05),而B细胞、Th2细胞和T细胞共刺激则显著减少(P < 0.05);③共筛选出10个骨关节炎铜死亡基因,分别为SLC31A1、PDHB、PDHA1、LIPT1、LIAS、DLD、FDX1、DLST、DLAT、DBT,其中风险模型结果显示,PDHB可能是骨关节炎的风险因子;④富集分析结果,骨关节炎铜死亡基因主要富集在柠檬酸循环、丙酮酸代谢、糖酵解/糖异生等相关信号通路上;⑤通过Coremine Medical数据库共预测到包括温莪术(0.004 75)、黄芩(0.049)、红景天苷(0.000 237)等在内的27味中药和1种中药活性成分,其中红景天苷是此次研究中骨关节炎独立风险因子PDHB潜在的治疗中药活性成分;⑥FunRich软件共预测到包括has-miR-7a-5p、has-miR-7e-5p、has-miR-96-5p在内的29个骨关节炎铜死亡相关基因上游miRNA;⑦结果显示,骨关节炎铜死亡基因主要通过调节柠檬酸循环、丙酮酸代谢、糖酵解/糖异生等相关信号通路,影响树状突细胞、巨噬细胞、B细胞、抗原呈递共抑制等相关免疫细胞和功能在骨关节炎患者中的变化;在此过程中,包括has-miR-7a-5p、has-miR-7e-5p、has-miR-96-5p在内的29个miRNA可能也发挥着重要作用;另外,羊肝、温莪术和红景天苷等中药和中药活性成分可能是其潜在的分子药物来源。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0841-0496(王伟伟);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-6154(欧志学)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 铜死亡, 骨关节炎, 免疫浸润, 生物信息学, GEO数据库, 单样本基因集富集分析, PDHB, miRNA

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Immune infiltration plays an important role in the progression of osteoarthritis, while cuproptosis is a novel modality of programmed cell death recently discovered. There are no studies on the mechanisms by which cuproptosis genes regulate immune infiltration in osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To integrate cuproptosis genes and GEO database-related chips, analyze the correlation between cuproptosis genes and immune infiltration, build a risk model, and perform gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis as well as miRNA and Chinese medicine prediction so as to provide some theoretical support for future exploration on the mechanism underlying cuproptosis in osteoarthritis immune infiltration.
METHODS: Eligible osteoarthritis-related microarrays were retrieved through the GEO database and normalized. Immune infiltration was extracted and quantified based on the processed gene expression matrix, and the correlation between immune infiltrating cells and their functions was analyzed, as well as their differences between osteoarthritis group and control group. Integrated cuproptosis gene expression matrix and standardized chip gene expression matrix were used to screen out the cuproptosis genes related to osteoarthritis. A risk model was then constructed to analyze the risk probability of cuproptosis genes related to osteoarthritis. In addition, upstream miRNAs were predicted by FunRich software. Finally, gene ontology, KEGG enrichment analysis and traditional Chinese medicine prediction of osteoarthritis-related cuproptosis genes were carried out through the Enrichr website and Coremine Medical database.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Immune infiltration correlation results showed that there were the strongest positive correlation between dendritic cells and mast cells (r=0.87) and the strongest negative correlation between mast cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (r=-0.81). Differential immune infiltration results showed that in the osteoarthritis group, dendritic cells, immature dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, antigen presentation co-suppression, and chemokine C-C-Motif receptors were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while co-stimulation of B cells, Th2 cells, and T cells significantly decreased (P < 0.05). A total of 10 osteoarthritis-related cuproptosis genes were screened, namely SLC31A1, PDHB, PDHA1, LIPT1 , LIAS, DLD, FDX1, DLST, DLAT, DBT. The risk model results showed that PDHB may be a risk factor for osteoarthritis. Enrichment analysis results showed that osteoarthritis-related cuproptosis genes were mainly enriched in citric acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis signaling pathways. A total of 27 herbal medicines and 1 herbal active ingredient, including rhizoma curcumae (0.004 75), scutellaria baicalensis (0.049), and rhodioloside (0.000 237), were predicted through the Coremine Medical database, of which rhodioloside was a potential herbal active ingredient for PDHB, the independent risk factor of osteoarthritis. A total of 29 upstream miRNAs of osteoarthritis-related cuproptosis genes, including has-miR-7a-5p, has-miR-7e-5p, and has-miR-96-5p, were predicted by FunRich software. To conclude, osteoarthritis-related cuproptosis genes are mainly involved in citric acid cycle, pyruvate metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis signaling pathways to regulate immune cells and functions, including dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, antigen presentation co-suppression in patients with osteoarthritis. In this process, 29 miRNAs, including has-miR-7a-5p, has-miR-7e-5p, and has-miR-96-5p, may also play an important role. In addition, Chinese herbs and herbal active ingredients, such as sheep liver, rhizoma curcumae, and rhodioloside, may be potential sources of molecular drugs for osteoarthritis.

Key words: cuproptosis, osteoarthritis, immune infiltration, bioinformatics, GEO database, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, PDHB, miRNA

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