中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (21): 3375-3381.doi: 10.12307/2023.178

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

在骨组织再生过程中聚磷酸盐的作用与机制

曹  金1,王安素1,黄妮姣1,伍富俊1,陈  萍1,李成梅2,王  信1   

  1.  遵义医科大学附属医院,1骨科,2病案室,贵州省遵义市  563003
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-12 接受日期:2022-07-02 出版日期:2023-07-28 发布日期:2022-11-24
  • 通讯作者: 王信,博士,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,遵义医科大学附属医院骨科,贵州省遵义市 563003
  • 作者简介:曹金,男,1993年生,贵州省人,汉族,遵义医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨缺损早期愈合的基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31960209);贵州省科技厅基础研究计划(黔科合基础[2020]1Y093)项目负责人:王信;遵义医科大学研究生科研基金(ZYK63),项目负责人:曹金

Role and mechanism of polyphosphate in bone tissue regeneration

Cao Jin1, Wang Ansu1, Huang Nijiao1, Wu Fujun1, Chen Ping1, Li Chengmei2, Wang Xin1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, 2Medical Case Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-05-12 Accepted:2022-07-02 Online:2023-07-28 Published:2022-11-24
  • Contact: Wang Xin, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Cao Jin, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31960209; Basic Research Program of Guizhou Science and Technology Department (Guizhou Science and Technology Foundation), No. [2020]1Y093 (to WX); Graduate Research Fund of Zunyi Medical University, No. ZYK63 (to CJ)

摘要:


文题释义:

聚磷酸盐:作为一种广泛存在的线性多聚体,由几个至数百个磷酸盐残基通过与ATP磷酸酐键相同的高能磷酸键相互聚合形成。广泛存在于真核和原核生物细胞中,在机体生命活动中发挥着至关重要的作用。
骨组织再生:即通过间充质干细胞的募集、生长因子的释放、新生血管的长入和成骨细胞的增殖分化,形成骨组织的过程。

背景:大块骨缺损的再生修复仍是临床骨科医生面临的巨大难题之一,聚磷酸盐不仅对骨细胞发育和生长因子释放有着重要作用,还可通过影响局部血凝块的结构来调控机体成骨活动。
目的:总结聚磷酸盐与骨组织再生之间的关系,阐述聚磷酸盐在成骨中的作用机制。 
方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库和PubMed数据库中与聚磷酸盐在骨组织再生的研究进展相关的文献,并通过阅读摘要进行初筛,最终共纳入80篇文章进行综述分析。
结果与结论:聚磷酸盐在骨组织再生中的作用机制可归纳为以下几类:①聚磷酸盐通过诱导相关转录因子Runx2、基质金属蛋白酶1、骨桥蛋白、骨钙素和骨保护素相关基因的表达,增强成纤维细胞生长因子2与受体之间的亲和力,激活成纤维细胞生长因子介导的细胞信号通路,促进间充质干细胞的成骨细胞分化。②在成骨细胞代谢过程中,聚磷酸盐分解后为其提供能量来源,并对降钙素、成骨相关转录因子、骨唾液酸蛋白、组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶基因表达的调节,促进细胞矿化。③由于竞争性抑制的存在,聚磷酸盐抑制破骨细胞中抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的酶活性,促使破骨细胞的骨吸收活性下降。④聚磷酸盐激活核转录因子κB信号通路并上调血管细胞黏附分子1、细胞间黏附分子1和选择素E的表达,增强了单核细胞(THP-1)对内皮细胞的黏附。⑤聚磷酸盐与组蛋白4和高迁移率族蛋白B1高亲和力结合,增强血管的通透性信号因子、细胞表面黏附分子、炎症细胞迁移和凋亡的表达。⑥聚磷酸盐通过调节内皮细胞的PI3K/AKT和PLC/PKC/Ca2+信号通路及缓激肽系统,对炎症反应进行调节。⑦聚磷酸盐通过促进血凝块结构中粗纤维的形成,提高凝块的纤维孔径,促进相关细胞及因子渗入,促进局部血管化及骨组织的修复与再生。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1750-2456(曹金);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5015-3396(王信)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 聚磷酸盐, 骨组织再生, 间充质干细胞, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 血管化, 血管, 血凝块, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Regenerative repair of large bone defects remains one of the great challenges for clinical orthopedic surgeons. Polyphosphates not only play an important role in osteoblast development and growth factor release, but also regulate osteogenic activity by affecting the structure of local blood clots.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the relationship between polyphosphates and bone tissue regeneration and to understand the mechanism of polyphosphates in osteogenesis. 
METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM and PubMed databases were searched for articles regarding research progress of polyphosphates in bone tissue regeneration. After preliminarily screened by reading abstracts, a total of 80 articles were finally included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mechanisms of action of polyphosphates in bone tissue regeneration can be classified into the following categories: (1) Polyphosphates enhance fibroblast growth factor-2-mediated cellular signaling pathways by inducing the expression of the related transcription factors Runx2, matrix metalloproteinase-1, osteopontin, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin related genes, enhance the affinity between fibroblast growth factor-2 and the receptor, activate fibroblast growth factor-mediated cellular signaling pathways, and promote osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. (2) During osteoblast metabolism: polyphosphate catabolism provides a source of energy and regulation of calcitonin, osteogenesis-associated transcription factors, bone sialic acid protein, and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase gene expression, promoting cell mineralization. (3) Due to the presence of competitive inhibition: polyphosphate inhibits the enzymatic activity of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase in osteoclasts, contributing to the decrease in bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. (4) Polyphosphate activates the nuclear factor κB signaling pathway and upregulates the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and selectin-E, enhancing monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. (5) Polyphosphate also binds to histone 4 and high mobility group B1 with high affinity and enhances the expression of vascular permeability signaling factors, cell surface adhesion molecules, inflammatory cell migration, and apoptosis. (6) Polyphosphate regulates the inflammatory response by modulating the PI3K/AKT and PLC/PKC/Ca2+ signaling pathways and bradykinin system in endothelial cells. (7) By promoting the formation of coarse fibers of a blood clot, polyphosphates increase the pore size of the fibrous clot, promote the infiltration of relevant cells and factors, and promote local vascularization, and the repair and regeneration of bone tissue.  

Key words: polyphosphate, bone regeneration, mesenchymal stem cell, osteoblast, osteoclast, vascularization, blood vessel, blood clot, review

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