中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 1237-1244.doi: 10.12307/2023.055

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

不同负荷量有氧运动对肥胖大鼠骨骼肌炎症反应和胰岛素信号途径的影响及机制

张  艳1,何瑞波2,王庆博1,皮亦华1,陆春敏1,徐传仪1,马  刚2,彭  朋2   

  1. 1广西中医药大学体育部,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530021;2中国人民武装警察部队后勤学院卫生勤务系军事训练医学教研室,天津市  300309
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-07 接受日期:2022-03-12 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2022-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 彭朋,博士,讲师,中国人民武装警察部队后勤学院卫生勤务系军事训练医学教研室,天津市 300309
  • 作者简介:张艳,女,1975年生,广西壮族自治区合浦县人,2011年北京体育大学毕业,硕士,副教授,主要从事运动康复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市自然科学基金项目(17JCYBJC27400),项目负责人:彭朋;中国人民武装警察部队后勤学院基础研究项目(WHY202107),项目负责人:彭朋

Effects of aerobic exercises with different load volumes on inflammatory response and insulin signaling pathway of skeletal muscle in obese rats

Zhang Yan1, He Ruibo2, Wang Qingbo1, Pi Yihua1, Lu Chunmin1, Xu Chuanyi1, Ma Gang2, Peng Peng2   

  1. 1Department of Physical Education, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Health Service, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, China
  • Received:2022-02-07 Accepted:2022-03-12 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2022-07-28
  • Contact: Peng Peng, MD, Lecturer, Department of Health Service, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300309, China
  • About author:Zhang Yan, Master, Associate professor, Department of Physical Education, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, No. 17JCYBJC27400 (to PP); the Basic Research Project of Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, No. WHY202107 (to PP)

摘要:

文题释义:
肾素-血管紧张素系统:是由一系列肽类激素及相应酶组成的重要体液调节系统,其主要功能是调节和维持人体血压及水、电解质的平衡,维持人体内环境的相对稳定。除全身性肾素-血管紧张素系统外,在心血管、肾脏、脑、骨骼肌等组织中尚存在相对独立的局部肾素-血管紧张素系统,可通过旁分泌和(或)自分泌方式,更直接地对相应组织功能进行调节。
有氧运动:是指全身主要肌群参与的、持续时间较长、以有氧代谢提供运动中所需能量的运动方式,对改善心血管疾病(高血压、心力衰竭等)、代谢性疾病(肥胖、糖尿病等)等慢性非传染性疾病具有一定疗效。目前美国运动医学会的指南是每周至少 150 min的中等强度有氧运动,以优化健康效益。

背景:肥胖是血压升高、糖耐量受损和血脂异常等的重要危险因素,其中骨骼肌肾素-血管紧张素系统稳态失衡可能起关键作用。有氧运动是治疗肥胖的重要非药物手段,但不同负荷量有氧运动的效果尚未明确。
目的:对比不同负荷量有氧运动对肥胖大鼠骨骼肌炎症反应和胰岛素信号途径的影响,并探讨肾素-血管紧张素系统在其中的可能作用机制。
方法:30只雄性Wistar-Kyoto大鼠给予高脂饮食20周后随机分为肥胖安静组、肥胖低负荷量运动组及肥胖高负荷量运动组(n=10),同时将10只标准饲料喂养大鼠作为正常对照组。肥胖低负荷量运动组、肥胖高负荷量运动组动物分别进行150 min/周和300 min/周有氧运动,正常对照组和肥胖安静组在鼠笼内安静饲养。12周后检测各组动物体质量、身体成分、血压、糖脂代谢、炎症因子水平,以及骨骼肌中胰岛素信号、炎症通路和肾素-血管紧张素系统各蛋白分子的表达量。
结果与结论:①体质量和身体成分:与肥胖安静组比较,2个运动组体质量降低(P < 0.05);与肥胖低负荷量运动组比较,肥胖高负荷量运动组腹膜后和附睾脂肪含量下降(P < 0.05);②血压:与肥胖安静组比较,2个运动组收缩压、舒张压降低(P < 0.05);③糖脂代谢和炎症因子:与肥胖安静组比较,2个运动组上述生化指标表达量均下降(P < 0.05);④骨骼肌胰岛素信号通路:与肥胖安静组比较,2个运动组磷酸化蛋白激酶B、葡萄糖转运蛋白4表达量升高(P < 0.05),肥胖高负荷量运动组蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B表达量降低(P < 0.05);⑤骨骼肌炎症通路:与肥胖安静组比较,2个运动组磷酸化核因子κB抑制蛋白α表达量降低(P < 0.05),肥胖高负荷量运动组白细胞介素6表达量降低(P < 0.05);与肥胖低负荷量运动组比较,肥胖高负荷量运动组磷酸化核因子κB抑制蛋白α表达量降低(P < 0.05);⑥骨骼肌肾素-血管紧张素系统轴:与肥胖安静组比较,肥胖高负荷量运动组血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体、Mas受体蛋白表达量以及血管紧张素转换酶/血管紧张素转换酶2比值和血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体/Mas受体比值下降(P < 0.05);⑦上述结果提示不同负荷量有氧运动均可改善肥胖大鼠身体成分、糖脂代谢和血压水平,改善骨骼肌胰岛素信号通路并降低炎症反应,但高负荷量方案(300 min/周)的效果优于低负荷量(150 min/周),其机制可能与高负荷量有氧运动诱导骨骼肌肾素-血管紧张素系统平衡由血管紧张素转换酶/血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体轴向血管紧张素转换酶2/Mas受体轴转变有关。
缩略语:肾素-血管紧张素系统:renin-angiotensin system,RAS

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2937-9005(张艳)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 肥胖, 有氧运动, 负荷量, 骨骼肌, 肾素-血管紧张素系统, 胰岛素抵抗

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is an important risk factor for elevated blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia, in which imbalance in skeletal muscle renin-angiotensin system homeostasis may play a key role. Aerobic exercise is an important non-drug treatment for obesity, but the effects of aerobic exercises with different volumes are not been clarified.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different load volumes of aerobic exercises on inflammatory responses and insulin signaling pathways of the skeletal muscle in obese rats and to explore the possible mechanism of the renin-angiotensin system. 
METHODS: Thirty Wistar-Kyoto rats were fed with high-fat diet. After 20 weeks, they were randomly divided into obese sedentary group, obese low-volume exercise group or obese high-volume exercise group. In the meantime, another 10 rats fed with standard chow were selected as the normal control group. Animals in the obese low- and high-volume exercise groups were subjected to aerobic exercise, 150 and 300 minutes per week, respectively; those in the normal control group and obese sedentary group were caged quietly. After 12 weeks, body mass, body composition, blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory factor levels, and the expression of insulin signaling, inflammatory pathway and renin-angiotensin system axis protein molecules in the skeletal muscle were detected. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:  Body mass and body composition: compared with the obese sedentary group, body mass decreased significantly in the obese low- and high-volume exercise groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the obese low-volume exercise group, retroperitoneal and epididymal fat mass decreased significantly in the obese high-volume exercise group (P < 0.05). Blood pressure: compared with the obese sedentary group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the obese low- and high-volume exercise groups (P < 0.05). Glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors: compared with the obese sedentary group, contents of the above biochemical indexes decreased significantly in the obese low- and high-volume exercise groups (P < 0.05). Skeletal muscle insulin signal pathway: compared with the obese sedentary group, the protein expressions of phosphorylated protein kinase B and glucose transporter 4 increased significantly in the obese low- and high-volume exercise groups (P < 0.05), while the protein expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B decreased significantly in the obese high-volume exercise group (P < 0.05). Skeletal muscle inflammation pathway: compared with the obese sedentary group, the protein expression of phosphorylated inhibitor α of nuclear factor κB decreased significantly in the obese low- and high-volume exercise groups (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of interleukin-6 decreased significantly in the obese high-volume exercise group (P < 0.05); compared with the obese low-volume exercise group, the protein expression of phosphorylated inhibitor α of nuclear factor κB decreased significantly in the obese high-volume exercise group (P < 0.05). Renin-angiotensin system axis of the skeletal muscle: compared with the obese sedentary group, the expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and Mas receptor proteins, as well as the ratio of angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin II type 1 receptor/Mas receptor decreased significantly in the obese high-volume exercise group (P < 0.05). To conclude, aerobic exercise with different load volumes can improve body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism and blood pressure, ameliorate skeletal muscle insulin signaling pathway, and relieve inflammatory response in obese rats. However, the effect of high load volume protocol (300 minutes per week) is better than that of low load volume (150 minutes per week) and the mechanism may be related to the transition of skeletal muscle renin-angiotensin system balance from angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin II type 1 receptor axis to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/Mas receptor axis induced by high-volume aerobic exercises.

Key words: obesity, aerobic exercise, load volume, skeletal muscle, renin-angiotensin system, insulin resistance

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