中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (26): 4173-4179.doi: 10.12307/2022.820

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

运动对糖尿病心肌纤维化大鼠心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原及血管紧张素Ⅱ/ 转化生长因子β1/Smad2通路的影响

刘  亚1,2,刘  霞1,邓鹏辉1,季  威1,李建平1   

  1. 1湖南师范大学体育学院体适能与运动康复湖南省重点实验室,湖南省长沙市  410012;2湖南涉外经济学院,湖南省长沙市  410205
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-29 接受日期:2021-09-18 出版日期:2022-09-18 发布日期:2022-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘霞,教授,硕士生导师,湖南师范大学体育学院体适能与运动康复湖南省重点实验室,湖南省长沙市 410012
  • 作者简介:刘亚,女,1994年生,湖南省株洲市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事运动与健康促进研究。
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省社科基金(19YBA238),项目负责人:刘霞;湖南省教育厅重点项目(19A303),项目负责人:刘霞

Exercise effects on myocardial type I, III collagen and angiotensin II/transforming growth factor beta1/Smad2 pathway in diabetic myocardial fibrosis rats

Liu Ya1, 2, Liu Xia1, Deng Penghui1, Ji Wei1, Li Jianping1   

  1. 1Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, School of Physical Education of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, China; 2Hunan International Economics University, Changsha 410205, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2021-06-29 Accepted:2021-09-18 Online:2022-09-18 Published:2022-03-08
  • Contact: Liu Xia, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, School of Physical Education of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Ya, Master, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, School of Physical Education of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, China; Hunan International Economics University, Changsha 410205, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Hunan Provincial Social Science Foundation, No. 19YBA238 (to LX); Hunan Provincial Department of Education Key Project, No. 19A303 (LX)

摘要:

文题释义:
心肌纤维化:是心血管系统疾病发展到一定阶段的共同病理性改变,也是心血管事件发生的重要病理基础。其按病因可分为弥漫和局限型性,弥漫型常发生于非梗死性心肌疾病中(如糖尿病性心脏病及扩张型心肌病、高血压性心脏病),局限型常发生于梗死后心肌纤维瘢痕,该文主要是指弥漫性纤维化。
血管紧张素Ⅱ:是肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的始动因子,主要通过上调转化生长因子β1及下游多种纤维化相关因子表达而发挥致纤维化效应, 因此血管紧张素Ⅱ/转化生长因子β1通路也被认为是调控心肌纤维化的关键通路, 同时也是抗纤维化治疗的关键靶点。

背景:近年的研究发现运动能够改善2型糖尿病大鼠的心肌纤维化。
目的:通过游泳运动干预糖尿病心肌纤维化动物模型,探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ/转化生长因子β1/Smad2信号通路及其下游因子在糖尿病心肌纤维化过程中的调控作用。
方法:将40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组,其中10只正常饲养(空白对照组),另30只采用高糖高脂饲料+一次性注射1%链脲佐菌素方法建立糖尿病模型,建模成功后随机选取15只大鼠进行无负重游泳训练(每天1次,60 min/次,每周6 d)。训练8周后,检测大鼠空腹血糖与空腹胰岛素水平;取左心室心肌组织,苏木精-伊红观察心肌细胞形态学改变,Masson染色观察心肌间质胶原纤维沉积情况,免疫组化染色分析心肌组织内Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维含量,RT-PCR分析血管紧张素Ⅱ、Ⅰ胶原纤维、Ⅲ型胶原纤维、转化生长因子β1和Smad2 mRNA的表达。
结果与结论:①与空白对照组相比,糖尿病模型组大鼠空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数升高(P < 0.01),与糖尿病模型组相比,糖尿病运动组大鼠空腹血糖、胰岛素抵抗指数降低(P < 0.05);②苏木精-伊红染色与Masson染色显示,糖尿病模型组大鼠心肌细胞排列较紊乱,细胞间隙增宽,有炎性细胞浸润,心肌组织出现明显的纤维化;糖尿病运动组大鼠心肌细胞排列尚整齐,细胞间隙基本正常,心肌组织纤维化程度明显轻于糖尿病模型组;③与空白对照组相比,糖尿病模型组大鼠心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原纤维含量增加(P < 0.05);糖尿病模型组与糖尿病运动组大鼠心肌组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维含量无明显差异(P > 0.05);④与空白对照组相比,糖尿病模型组大鼠心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原纤维和转化生长因子β1 mRNA表达量增加(P < 0.05);与糖尿病模型组相比,糖尿病运动组大鼠心肌组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维和转化生长因子β1 mRNA表达量减少(P < 0.01);⑤结果表明,游泳运动可有效预防糖尿病心肌纤维化的发生和发展,其作用机制可能与血管紧张素Ⅱ/转化生长因子β1/Smad2通路的抑制有关。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6566-2131 (刘亚) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 有氧运动, 糖尿病, 心肌纤维化, 转化生长因子β1/Smad2, 血管紧张素Ⅱ

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have found that exercise can improve myocardial fibrosis in type II diabetic rats.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the regulatory role of angiotensin II/transforming growth factor β1/Smad2 signaling pathway and its downstream factors in the process of diabetic myocardial fibrosis through swimming exercises in an animal model of diabetic myocardial fibrosis. 
METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: a blank control group (n=10) and a diabetes model group (n=30). Rats in the blank control group were raised under a normal diet, and rats in the diabetes model group were fed with high-sugar and high-fat diet and treated with a single injection of 1% streptozotocin to establish a diabetic model. After successful modeling, 15 rats were randomly selected from the diabetes model group as a diabetes exercise group. Rats in the diabetes exercise group were subjected to non-weight bearing swimming, 60 minutes per day, 6 days per week. After training for 8 weeks, the fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin levels of rats were tested. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological changes of myocardial cells. Masson staining was used to observe the deposition of collagen fibers in the myocardial interstitium. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze the content of type I and III collagen fibers in myocardial tissue. Reverse transcription PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of angiotensin II, type I collagen fiber, type III collagen fiber, transforming growth factor β1, and Smad2.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the blank control group, the fasting blood glucose level and insulin resistance index were increased in the diabetes model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the diabetes model group, the fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance index were decreased in the diabetes exercise group (P < 0.05). Results of hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining showed that disordered arrangement of myocardial cells, widened intercellular space, inflammatory cell infiltration, and obvious myocardial fibrosis in the diabetic model group. Whereas the arrangement of myocardial cells was still in order, the intercellular space was basically normal, and myocardial fibrosis was significantly relieved in the diabetic exercise group compared with the diabetic model group. The content of type I collagen fibers in rat myocardial tissue was increased in the diabetic model group compared with the blank control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of type I and III collagen fibers in rat myocardial tissue between the diabetic model group and the diabetic exercise group (P > 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the mRNA expression of type I collagen fibers and transforming growth factor β1 in rat myocardial tissue was increased in the diabetic model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the diabetic model group, the mRNA expression of type I and III collagen fibers and transforming growth factor β1 in rat myocardial tissue was decreased in the diabetic exercise group (P < 0.01). To conclude, swimming can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic myocardial fibrosis, which may be related to the inhibition of the angiotensin II/transforming growth factor β1/Smad2 pathway.

Key words: aerobic exercise, diabetes, myocardial fibrosis, transforming growth factor β1/Smad2, angiotensin II

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