中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (12): 1938-1943.doi: 10.12307/2023.037

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

煅烧鹿角松质骨/胶原复合支架促进骨缺损修复

周莹莹1,张学慧1,2   

  1. 1北京大学医学部医学技术研究院,北京市  100191;2北京大学口腔医学院口腔材料研究室,北京市  100081
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01 接受日期:2022-02-08 出版日期:2023-04-28 发布日期:2022-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 张学慧,副教授,北京大学医学部医学技术研究院,北京市 100191;北京大学口腔医学院口腔材料研究室,北京市 100081
  • 作者简介:周莹莹,女,1998年生,河南省周口市人,汉族,北京大学医学部医学技术研究院在读硕士,主要从事口腔生物材料和骨再生研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFC1105303),项目负责人:张学慧

Calcined antler cancellous bone/collagen composite scaffolds promote bone defect repair

Zhou Yingying1, Zhang Xuehui1, 2   

  1. 1Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; 2Department of Dental Materials, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2021-11-01 Accepted:2022-02-08 Online:2023-04-28 Published:2022-07-30
  • Contact: Zhang Xuehui, Associate professor, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Dental Materials, Peking University Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • About author:Zhou Yingying, Master candidate, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
  • Supported by:
    Sub-Project of National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2018YFC1105303 (to ZXH)

摘要:

文题释义:
煅烧鹿角松质骨:是将新鲜鹿角去除皮质骨后,经过化学制剂对鹿角松质骨进行脱脂脱蛋白处理,采用600 ℃高温煅烧方法获得的一种天然无机骨充填材料,前期研究已经证实其具有良好的骨传导性能。
复合支架:由两种及以上不同的材料组合制备而成,如高分子聚合物和无机材料,被赋予了每种组分材料的优势,在组织工程的应用中往往兼具力学适配性和生物活性,能更好地促进功能性组织的再生。

背景:目前临床上使用的可塑性骨充填材料主要是小牛骨来源的异种骨和胶原蛋白复合材料,但屠杀小牛存在动物伦理争议。因此,需要寻找一种安全有效、可避免伦理问题并具有优异成骨性能的可塑性骨支架材料。
目的:将煅烧鹿角松质骨颗粒与胶原蛋白通过化学交联制备复合支架,提升材料的可塑性和骨缺损修复能力。
方法:去除鹿角皮质骨,将鹿角松质骨经脱脂脱蛋白和高温煅烧制备成煅烧鹿角松质骨颗粒;采用1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳酰二亚胺/N-羟基丁二酰亚胺交联法将Ⅰ型胶原蛋白与煅烧鹿角松质骨颗粒复合,制备复合支架材料。在10只成年SD大鼠颅骨矢状缝两侧各制备直径为 5 mm的全厚骨缺损,左侧缺损处植入Bio-Oss/Collagen®胶原骨(对照组),右侧缺损处植入煅烧鹿角松质骨/胶原复合支架(实验组),术后4,12周取颅骨标本,进行苏木精-伊红染色和Masson三色染色。
结果与结论:①术后4周,苏木精-伊红染色显示两组骨缺损处均有新骨生成,但未完全愈合,植入材料周围可见成骨细胞,实验组材料周围成骨细胞较多;Masson三色染色显示,两组材料周围有新生的规律排列的胶原纤维和不规则的骨髓腔;②术后12周,苏木精-伊红染色显示两组骨缺损均愈合良好,缺损边缘与新生骨完全融合,残留材料被新骨包绕,其中实验组新生骨结构致密、重塑程度更高;③结果表明,煅烧鹿角松质骨/胶原复合支架材料具备良好的可塑性、骨传导性、组织相容性和优异的骨再生修复作用,可作为一种潜在的可塑性骨填充支架材料。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1718-3256 (周莹莹)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 骨缺损修复, 骨再生, 鹿角, 煅烧骨, 胶原, 可塑性, 支架材料, 骨填充材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The shapable bone filling materials currently used in clinic are mainly composite materials composed with xenogeneic bone derived from calf bone and collagen. However, there is an animal ethical controversy because its inorganic ingredients are derived from slaughtered calves. It is necessary to find a safe, effective and shapable bone scaffold material, which not only can avoid ethical problems but also has excellent osteogenic properties.
OBJECTIVE: To prepare composite scaffolds with excellent plasticity and ability in repairing bone by chemically cross-linking collagen with granules of calcined antler cancellous bone. 
METHODS: Calcined antler cancellous bone granules were prepared by defatted and deproteinized process and combined with calcination after removal of the antler cortical bone. Calcined antler cancellous bone/type I collagen composite scaffolds were fabricated with the 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide/N-Hydroxysuccinimide cross-linking method. In 10 adult Sprague-Dawley rats, a 5-mm sized full-thick bone defect was prepared on both sides of the sagittal suture of the skulls. Bio-Oss/Collagen® composite scaffolds were implanted into the defect on the left side (control group) and calcined antler cancellous bone/collagen composite scaffolds were implanted into the defect on the right side (experimental group). Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson’s trichrome staining were performed in skull specimens at 4 and 12 weeks after the implant operation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Four weeks after the operation, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that new bone was formed in the bone defects in both groups, but not completely healed. Osteoblasts were seen around the implanted materials, and there were more osteoblasts around the materials in the experimental group. Masson’s trichrome staining showed that there were new collagen fibers arranged regularly and irregular bone marrow cavity around the materials of the two groups. (2) At 12 weeks after the operation, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the bone defects healed well in both groups; the edge of the defect was completely fused with the new bone; and the residual material was surrounded by the new bone. The new bone structure in the experimental group was dense and the degree of remodeling was high. (3) To conclude, our findings revealed that the calcined antler cancellous bone/collagen composite scaffolds are provided with good plasticity, osteoconductivity, histocompatibility and excellent bone repair effect, and can be used as a potential shapable bone filling scaffold material.

Key words: bone defect repair, bone regeneration, antlers, calcined bone, collagen, plasticity, scaffold, bone filling material

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