中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (23): 3676-3682.doi: 10.12307/2022.667

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

代谢型谷氨酸受体在丰富环境改善卒中后认知功能障碍中的作用

刘佳雨1,严  萍1,张  瑜1,周洪雨2,王  鑫2   

  1. 扬州大学,1护理学院,2临床医学院,江苏省扬州市   225002
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-08 接受日期:2021-03-16 出版日期:2022-08-18 发布日期:2022-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 王鑫,博士,主任医师,副教授,扬州大学临床医学院,江苏省扬州市 225002
  • 作者简介:刘佳雨,女,1992年生,江苏省盱眙县人,汉族,2021年扬州大学毕业,硕士,主要从事神经康复护理方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20171280),项目负责人:王鑫;江苏省人兽共患病学重点实验室“护馨基金”项目(HX2003),项目负责人:王鑫

Metabotropic glutamate receptor improves post-stroke cognitive impairment in enriched environments

Liu Jiayu1, Yan Ping1, Zhang Yu1, Zhou Hongyu2, Wang Xin2   

  1. 1School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2021-02-08 Accepted:2021-03-16 Online:2022-08-18 Published:2022-02-15
  • Contact: Wang Xin, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Liu Jiayu, Master, School of Nursing, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, No. BK20171280 (to WX); “Huxin Fund” Project of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, No. HX2003 (to WX)

摘要:

文题释义:
谷氨酸:是哺乳动物中枢神经系统中主要的兴奋性神经递质,其介导的兴奋性信号传导可以影响哺乳动物的认知功能。谷氨酸受体包括离子型受体和代谢型受体,其中离子型谷氨酸受体中N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体与兴奋性神经毒性和学习记忆行为密切相关;代谢型受体基于它们的序列同源性、信号转导机制和药理学分为3组,其中Ⅱ组代谢型谷氨酸受体(mGluR2和mGluR3)涉及海马功能和认知。
丰富环境:首次由加拿大科学家DONALD HEBB提出,是一个有着复杂的物理性刺激和社会刺激的综合环境,通常用作动物实验,形成丰富的动物饲养环境,促进动物学习经历、感觉输入的提升,为动物开展良好的社会交际提供机会。丰富环境对于脑可塑性和认知恢复都有一定的作用,具有无创性、低成本、低风险方面的独特优势。

背景:丰富环境干预对认知损伤有一定的改善作用,谷氨酸是与认知密切相关的兴奋性氨基酸,丰富环境对卒中后小鼠谷氨酸受体的影响和机制尚不明确。
目的:探讨代谢型谷氨酸受体在丰富环境改善卒中后认知功能障碍中的作用及其相关机制。
方法:采用光栓法制作小鼠脑卒中模型,通过Y迷宫与假手术组小鼠对比,筛选出具有认知障碍的小鼠。按随机数字表法将实验小鼠分为3组,即假手术组(假手术+标准环境组)、卒中后认知障碍+标准环境组、卒中后认知障碍+丰富环境组。各组小鼠在相应环境下分别饲养14 d后,采用Y迷宫检测小鼠额叶工作记忆能力,新物体识别实验检测小鼠海马学习记忆能力,实时定量PCR法检测小鼠额叶和海马内代谢型谷氨酸受体的基因转录水平,Western blot法检测小鼠额叶和海马内代谢型谷氨酸受体、乙酰化的组蛋白H3、环磷腺苷反应元件结合蛋白表达情况。
结果与结论:①与假手术+标准环境组小鼠比较,卒中后认知障碍+标准环境组小鼠的Y迷宫自发交替率显著下降(P < 0.001),新物体探索率明显降低(P < 0.001),额叶及海马的代谢型谷氨酸基因转录水平下调(P < 0.01),额叶及海马相关蛋白表达显著降低(P < 0.01);②卒中后认知障碍+丰富环境组小鼠自发交替率、新物体探索率、额叶及海马的谷氨酸基因转录、额叶及海马相关蛋白表达均较卒中后认知障碍+标准环境组显著改善(P < 0.05),但与假手术+标准环境组差异仍有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③提示丰富环境干预有助于改善卒中后小鼠记忆,其作用机制可能是通过提高环磷腺苷反应元件结合蛋白的磷酸化、改善乙酰化内稳态失衡、增加代谢型谷氨酸受体2 mRNA转录和蛋白表达,最终改善认知功能。
缩略语:卒中后认知障碍:post-stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI;代谢型谷氨酸受体:metabotropic glutamate receptors,mGluRs;环磷腺苷反应元件结合蛋白:CAMP response binding protein,CREB

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-7902 (刘佳雨) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脑卒中, 认知障碍, 丰富环境, 标准环境, 谷氨酸, 代谢型谷氨酸受体

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Enriched environment intervention can improve cognitive impairment to a certain extent. Glutamate is an excitatory amino acid closely related to cognition. The effect and mechanism of enriched environment on glutamate receptor in post-stroke mice are still unclear.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of metabotropic glutamate receptor on improving post-stroke cognitive impairment and its mechanism in enriched environments.
METHODS: The mouse model of stroke was made by light embolus method, and the mice with cognitive impairment were selected through Y maze test in comparison with the sham operation group. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation+standard environment operation group (Sham+SE), post-stroke cognitive impairment+standard environment (PSCI+SE) group and post-stroke cognitive impairment+enriched environment (PSCI+EE) group. After 14 days in the corresponding environment, Y maze was used to detect the cognitive function of the frontal lobe. New object recognition experiment was used to detect the learning and memory ability of the hippocampus. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA transcription level of metabotropic glutamate receptor in the frontal lobe and hippocampus, and western blot was used to detect the protein expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor, acetylated histone H3, CAMP response binding protein in the frontal lobe and hippocampus.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the Sham+SE group, the Y maze spontaneous alternation rate was significantly decreased (P < 0.001), the new object exploration rate was significantly decreased (P < 0.001), metabotropic glutamate receptor mRNA levels in the frontal lobe and hippocampus were downregulated (P < 0.01), and the expression of related proteins in the frontal lobe and hippocampus was significantly decreased in the PSCI+SE group (P < 0.01). The spontaneous alternation rate, new object exploration rate, and metabolic glutamate receptor mRNA in the frontal lobe and hippocampus were significantly decreased, and mRNA transcription, frontal lobe and hippocampus related protein expression were significantly improved in the PSCI+EE group compared with the PSCI+SE group (P < 0.05), but there was still a significant difference between PSCI+EE group and Sham+SE group (P < 0.05). To conclude, enriched environment intervention is helpful to improve the memory of mice after stroke, and its mechanism may be through increasing the phosphorylation of CAMP response binding protein, acetylation homeostasis imbalance, increasing metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 mRNA transcription and protein expression, and ultimately improving cognitive function.

Key words: stroke, cognitive impairment, enriched environment, standard environment, glutamate, metabotropic glutamate receptor

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