中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (24): 3790-3795.doi: 10.12307/2022.555

• 骨髓干细胞 bone marrow stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

骨髓间充质干细胞可减轻脑卒中缺血周围皮质小胶质细胞过度激活引起的脑损伤

颜  南1,伍彦龙2,唐晓慧2,张笑妍2,王  慧2,杨天泽2,周懋淳2,王正东3,杨晓霞1   

  1. 沈阳医学院,1医学应用技术学院,2基础医学院,3解剖学教研室,辽宁省沈阳市   110034
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-25 接受日期:2021-04-10 出版日期:2022-08-28 发布日期:2022-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 杨晓霞,硕士,教授,沈阳医学院医学应用技术学院,辽宁省沈阳市 110034
  • 作者简介:颜南,女,1978年生,辽宁省营口市人,汉族,2018年中国医科大学毕业,博士,副教授,主要从事神经损伤与修复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81803200),项目负责人:颜南;辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2017225059),项目负责人:杨晓霞;2020年度沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划(RC200238),项目负责人:颜南;沈阳医学院科学研究基金(20161009),项目参与人:王正东

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may alleviate brain damage caused by the microglial overactivation in the cortex around ischemic site of stroke

Yan Nan1, Wu Yanlong2, Tang Xiaohui2, Zhang Xiaoyan2, Wang Hui2, Yang Tianze2, Zhou Maochun2, Wang Zhengdong3, Yang Xiaoxia1   

  1. 1School of Medical Applied Technology, 2Basic Medical College, 3Department of Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-02-25 Accepted:2021-04-10 Online:2022-08-28 Published:2022-01-22
  • Contact: Yang Xiaoxia, Master, Professor, School of Medical Applied Technology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Yan Nan, MD, Associate professor, School of Medical Applied Technology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81803200 (to YN); Science and Technology Program Project of Liaoning Province, No. 2017225059 (to YXX); Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program of Shenyang in 2020, No. RC200238 (to YN); Scientific Research Fund of Shenyang Medical College, No. 20161009 (to WZD)

摘要:

文题释义:
缺血性脑卒中:是由于心脑血管系统发生病变或损伤,产生的斑块或栓子进入血液,导致脑部血流中断,大脑无法获取营养和氧气而引发的脑组织结构和功能严重损伤的一种急性脑血管疾病,具有高死亡率、高致残率的特点。
小胶质细胞:是神经胶质细胞的一种,参与中枢神经系统的稳态保护和宿主对病原体的防御。近年来,人们认识到小胶质细胞在脑损伤后具有双重作用,一方面在脑损伤周围皮质小胶质细胞会迅速激活,通过吞噬作用清除细胞碎片,并释放神经生长及抗炎因子而减轻神经损伤,促进组织修复;另一方面,小胶质细胞过度活化后可释放高水平的促炎因子及细胞毒性物质,诱发神经炎症,加重对大脑周围皮质的损伤作用。

背景:骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗缺血性脑卒中取得了较好效果,但其作用机制仍需进行深入研究。
目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞对缺血周围皮质过度活化的小胶质细胞损伤的影响。
方法:将30只8周龄的SD大鼠分为假手术组、模型组、移植组。模型组和移植组采用栓线法阻断大脑中动脉,建立大鼠缺血性脑卒中模型,术后将第3代骨髓间充质干细胞注入到移植组大鼠腹腔内,模型组和假手术组大鼠腹腔内注射相同量的DMEM培养液,各组均隔天注射1次,共持续14 d。术后第7,14天,通过BBB法来评估各组大鼠的运动功能,术后15 d取大鼠脑梗死灶周围皮质并应用免疫组织化学染色法、蛋白印迹法检测活性小胶质细胞标志物Ox-42以及促炎因子肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素1β的表达。
结果与结论:与假手术组相比,模型组小胶质细胞激活的Ox-42和肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素1β表达水平较高,移植组上述指标表达水平较低。与模型组相比,移植组BBB评分明显提高,肢体运动功能有所改善。结果表明,骨髓间充质干细胞抑制梗死灶周围小胶质细胞的过度活化,降低了炎性细胞因子的表达,从而在一定程度上保护了大脑皮质免受伤害,促进了运动功能的恢复。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8250-8080 (杨晓霞) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 缺血性脑卒中, 肿瘤坏死因子α, 白细胞介素6, 白细胞介素1β, Ox-42

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation has achieved good results in the treatment of ischemic stroke, but its mechanism of action still needs to be studied in depth.  
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on further damage of overactivated microglia in the cortex around ischemic site. 
METHODS: Thirty 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham operation, model, and transplantation groups. The ischemic stroke models of rats were established with blocking the middle cerebral artery with an embolic thread method for the model group and transplantation group. The third generation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was injected into the abdominal cavity of the transplantation. Rabbits of the model group and the sham operation group were injected with the same amount of DMEM. The injection was taken on every other day after surgery for 14 consecutive days. The motor function of paralyzed rats in different groups was evaluated by BBB scores at 7 and 14 days after surgery. At 15 days after operation, the cortex around the cerebral infarction was taken from the rats. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay were applied to study the expression of Ox-42, a marker of activated microglia, and tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β in the cortex near the ischemia cortex. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the sham operation group, expression levels of Ox-42 activated by microglia and tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β were higher in the model group, and decreased in the transplantation group. Compared with the model group, BBB scores showed an improved motor function of paralysis limbs in the transplantation group. It is concluded that the over-activation of microglia is inhibited, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines is decreased with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, thus to protect the cerebral cortex from damaging and promote motor function recovery to a certain extent.

Key words: stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, ischemic stroke, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β, Ox-42

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