中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (20): 3243-3249.doi: 10.12307/2022.628

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

糖原代谢中糖噬的作用及调控机制

吕毓虎1,程  林1,林文弢2,彭峰林1   

  1. 1广西师范大学,体育与健康学院,广西壮族自治区桂林市  541006;2珠海科技学院,体育科学学院,广东省珠海市  519041
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-14 接受日期:2021-10-15 出版日期:2022-07-18 发布日期:2022-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 彭峰林,博士后,教授,博士研究生导师,广西师范大学体育与健康学院,广西壮族自治区桂林市 541006
  • 作者简介:吕毓虎,男,1987年生,河南省兰考县人,汉族,广西师范大学体育与健康学院运动人体科学专业在读博士研究生,讲师,主要从事运动适应的生物学机制及运动与健康促进的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31560291),项目负责人:彭峰林

Role and regulatory mechanism of glycophagy in glycogen metabolism

Lyu Yuhu1, Cheng Lin1, Lin Wentao2, Peng Fenglin1   

  1. 1College of Sport and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2021-09-14 Accepted:2021-10-15 Online:2022-07-18 Published:2022-01-20
  • Contact: Peng Fenglin, DS, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, College of Sport and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Lyu Yuhu, PhD candidate, Lecturer, College of Sport and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31560291 (to PFL)

摘要:

文题释义:
糖噬:是选择性自噬的一种,指糖原经溶酶体相关酶的作用降解为单糖的过程。此过程首先由含淀粉结合域蛋白1(starch-binding domain-containing protein 1,STBD1)与糖原结合,然后与吞噬体上的GABA(A)受体相关蛋白1(GABA type a receptor associated protein like 1,GABARAPL1)结合,后糖原被溶酶体中的酸性α-葡萄糖苷酶降解为非磷酸化的葡萄糖,STBD1和GABARAPL1为糖噬的标记蛋白。
选择性自噬:自噬可分为选择性自噬和非选择性自噬,选择性自噬是根据自噬降解底物的不同而命名,目前发现的选择性自噬有线粒体自噬、内质网自噬、核糖体自噬、RNA/DNA自噬、细胞核自噬、过氧化物酶体自噬、脂噬、铁噬、糖噬、聚集体自噬、颗粒分泌物自噬、致病原自噬等。

背景:糖噬是选择性自噬的一种,在糖原的降解过程中有特有的作用,但对其调控的机制仍然了解有限。
目的:从糖噬底物的形态、功能、降解途径分析,进而对糖噬的作用和调控信号通路进行综述,阐明糖原代谢中糖噬的作用及调控机制。
方法:通过关键词glycophagy [Topic]、Glycogen [Title] AND autophagy [Title]、Glycogen-storage-disease [Title]、Lafora-disease [Title]、pompe-disease [Title]、Von-Gierke-disease [Title]在Web of Science、PubMed、EBSCO数据库中检索相关英文文献,并通过糖噬 [Topic]、糖原自噬 [Title]、糖原累积 [Title]、糖原贮积 [Title]在CNKI数据库中检索相关中文文献,以及手动补充相关文献。阅读标题和摘要进行初选,最终根据排除标准整理出87篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:糖噬与糖原的氧化磷酸化途径共同构成了体内糖原的降解系统,有为糖脂和脂肪的生成提供底物,以及在能量应激期间糖噬体内贮存一定量的糖原预防更严重事件发生的积极作用,但糖噬障碍会引起拉福拉病、方基盖氏病、庞贝病等疾病,甚至威胁生命。通过激活PI3K/mTOR、Akt/FoxO、SGK1/mTOR 3条信号通路可以起到抑制糖噬的作用;通过激活cAMP/PKA、G6PC/SIRT1/FoxO、Ca2+、cGMP/PKG/GSK-3β 4条信号通路可以起到激活糖噬的作用。但仍存在诸多问题亟待解决:①糖噬调节有无性别间差异;②什么信号或刺激导致了糖噬过程中糖原贮存增加;③何种物质触发溶酶体中的酶开始降解糖原;④糖噬过程糖原降解和贮存有无平衡点;⑤糖噬各个调节通路间怎么协调配合,其作用机制及药理学机制是什么。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-783X (吕毓虎)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 糖噬, 糖原自噬, 糖原代谢, 自噬, 糖原, 信号通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Glycophagy is a selective autophagy, which plays a unique role in glycogen degradation, but the mechanism of its regulation is still limited.
OBJECTIVE: To review the function and regulatory signaling pathway of glycophagy based on the morphology, function and degradation pathway of glycophagy substrate, and then to clarify the role and regulatory mechanism of glycophagy in glycogen metabolism.
METHODS: Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO databases were searched for the relevant English literatures using the search terms of glycophagy [Topic], Glycogen [Title] AND autophagy [Title], Glycogen-storage-disease [Title], Lafora-disease [Title], pompe-disease[Title], and Von-Gierke-disease [Title]. CNKI database was also searched to retrieve the relevant Chinese literatures with the search terms of glycogenated [Topic], glycogen autophagy [Title], glycogen accumulation [Title], and glycogen storage [Title]. Relevant literature was also manually retrieved. Based on the exclusion criteria, 87 papers were included for final review by reading the title and abstract.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The glycogen degradation system in vivo consists of glycophagy and glycogen oxidative phosphorylation, which can provide substrates for the generation of glycolipids and fats, and prevent more serious events through storing a certain amount of glycogen in glycogenosomes during energy stress. However, glycophagy disorders can cause some diseases that are even life-threatening, such as Lafora disease, von Gierke disease and Pompe disease. The activation of PI3K/mTOR, Akt/FoxO and SGK1/mTOR signaling pathways could inhibit glycophagy, while glycophagy can be elicited through the activation of cAMP/PKA, G6PC/SIRT1/FoxO, Ca2+, cGMP/PKG/GSK-3β signaling pathways. However, There are many problems that need to be solved, such as: (1) whether there is sex difference during glycophagy; (2) what signals or stimuli lead to an increase in glycogen storage during glycophagy; (3) what substances trigger enzymes in lysosomes to degrade glycogen; (4) whether there is a balance point between glycogen degradation and storage during glycophagy; and (5) how the various regulatory pathways of glycophagy are coordinated, and what are the mechanisms of action and pharmacology.

Key words: glycophagy, glycogen autophagy, glycogen metabolism, autophagy, glycogen, signal pathway

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