中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2307-2311.doi: 10.12307/2022.581

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

前臂负重对帕金森病患者行走过程中下肢时空参数和关节角度的影响

王虎军,王颖鹏,方伯言,靳昭辉,齐  琳,张巧荣,王丛笑,郄淑燕   

  1. 首都医科大学附属北京康复医院,北京市   100144
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-24 修回日期:2021-08-30 接受日期:2021-09-25 出版日期:2022-05-28 发布日期:2022-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 郄淑燕,博士,主任医师,首都医科大学附属北京康复医院,北京市 100144
  • 作者简介:王虎军,男,1998年生,北京市人,汉族,2020年首都医科大学毕业,初级康复治疗师,主要从事康复治疗、运动生物力学、智能康复研究。

Effect of forearm weight-bearing on spatiotemporal parameters and joint angles of the lower limbs in patients with Parkinson’s disease during walking

Wang Hujun, Wang Yingpeng, Fang Boyan, Jin Zhaohui, Qi Lin, Zhang Qiaorong, Wang Congxiao, Qie Shuyan   

  1. Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, China
  • Received:2021-08-24 Revised:2021-08-30 Accepted:2021-09-25 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-05
  • Contact: Qie Shuyan, MD, Chief physician, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, China
  • About author:Wang Hujun, Junior rehabilitation therapist, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100144, China

摘要:

文题释义:
统计参数映射方法(Statistical Parametric Mapping,SPM):SPM方法无需对原始采样的时间序列进行萃取以进行统计分析;可以在无方向假设检验中检查完整的一维波形,而无需任何有关目标时空焦点的临时假设,并且能够在与采样数据相同的序列中可视化统计结果。对于时间序列数据,统计结果也是时间序列,能够更好地解释数据。
时序数据重采样:考虑到不同患者步态周期时序长度不一致问题,结合Matlab 中Resample函数对信号进行重采样处理,将所有受试者步态周期时间长度重采样至100帧,以便后续进行统计分析。

背景:步态异常是帕金森病患者最常见的运动症状,其步态训练方法丰富多样,但对于前臂负重步态训练方法等内容未有研究报道。
目的:使用三维步态分析方法评估前臂负重前后帕金森病患者变化,探讨前臂负重对帕金森病患者步态影响的规律。
方法:选取原发性帕金森病患者30例以及年龄匹配的健康受试者30例,分别测量其在正常行走和前臂负重行走两种步行方式下的三维步态参数,比较两种行走方式下受试者的步频、步速、跨步时间、步长时间、单支撑期、双支撑期、步长等时空参数,使用统计参数映射方法确定患者两种行走方式下髋、膝、踝关节在整个步行周期中关节角度曲线之间的差异。
结果与结论:①帕金森病患者在正常行走和前臂负重行走时,其步频、步速、跨步时间、单支撑期、步长等差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);健康受试者在正常行走和前臂负重行走时,其时空参数各项差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②与正常行走时相比,帕金森病患者在前臂负重行走后下肢髋关节屈伸角度在5%-23%、87%-100%步态周期明显增加(P < 0.05),膝关节屈伸角度在9%-25%、88%-98%步态周期明显增加(P < 0.05),踝关节屈伸角度在92%-100%步态周期增加(P < 0.05);帕金森病患者在前臂负重行走后的步频、步速、跨步时间、步长等时空参数与髋、膝、踝关节角度曲线更接近健康受试者;③结果表明,前臂负重行走时会影响帕金森病患者步行过程中的时空参数以及整个步态周期中下肢髋、膝、踝关节角度变化。前臂负重可即时改善帕金森病患者步行能力,有望作为帕金森病患者康复步态训练方法之一。说明上肢的力量训练也可能影响到帕金森病患者的下肢康复。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-6657 (王虎军) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 帕金森病, 前臂负重, 三维步态分析, 统计参数映射法, 下肢, 康复

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  Abnormal gait is the most common motor symptom in patients with Parkinson’s disease. There are various gait training methods; however, there are no reports on the forearm weight-bearing gait training methods.  
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the changes in patients with Parkinson’s disease before and after forearm weight-bearing, and to investigate the influence of forearm weight-bearing on the gait of patients with Parkinson’s disease by using three-dimensional gait analysis method.
METHODS:  Thirty patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and thirty age-matched healthy subjects were selected to measure their three-dimensional gait parameters during normal walking and forearm weight-bearing walking. Stride frequency, stride speed, stride time, stride length time, single support phase, double support phase, stride length, and other spatiotemporal parameters were compared between two walking modes. Statistical Parametric Mapping was used to determine the difference between two walking modes in the joint angles and curves of the hip, knee, and ankle during the whole gait cycle.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in stride frequency, stride speed, stride time, single support period, and stride length between two walking modes for patients with Parkinson’s disease (P < 0.05). Whereas, healthy subjects presented with no significant differences in these spatiotemporal parameters between two walking modes (P > 0.05). Compared with normal walking, lower extremity hip flexion and extension angle of patients with Parkinson’s disease were significantly increased in 5%-23% and 87%-100% gait cycles (P < 0.05). The angles of knee flexion and extension were significantly increased in 9%-25% and 88%-98% gait cycles (P < 0.05). The angles of ankle flexion and extension were increased in 92%-100% gait cycle (P < 0.05). For patients with Parkinson’s disease undergoing forearm weight-bearing walking training, the spatiotemporal parameters, including stride frequency, stride speed, stride time, stride length, as well as the angle curves of the hip, knee, and ankle joints became close to those of healthy subjects. To conclude, the spatiotemporal parameters and the joint angles of the hip, knee and ankle joint will change in patients with Parkinson’s disease during forearm weight-bearing walking, and this change can occur throughout the whole gait cycle. Forearm weight-bearing can immediately improve the walking ability of patients with Parkinson’s disease, which is expected to be one of the gait training methods for Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation. Upper limb strength training may also affect the lower limb rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Key words: Parkinson’s disease, forearm weight-bearing, three-dimensional gait analysis, statistical parametric mapping, lower limb, rehabilitation

中图分类号: