中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 832-837.doi: 10.12307/2022.161

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

青年男性佩戴护膝跑步优势侧和非优势侧下肢关节的运动学特征

邵洋洋1，2，张峻霞1，2，姜美姣1，2，刘泽龙1，2，高  昆1，2，于淑晗1，2   

  1. 1天津科技大学，机械工程学院，天津市   300222；2天津科技大学，天津市轻工与食品工程机械装备集成设计与在线监控实验室，天津市  300222
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-05 修回日期:2021-01-08 接受日期:2021-02-27 出版日期:2022-02-28 发布日期:2021-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 张峻霞，博士，教授，天津科技大学，机械工程学院，天津市 300222；天津科技大学，天津市轻工与食品工程机械装备集成设计与在线监控实验室，天津市 300222
  • 作者简介:邵洋洋，女，1995年生，内蒙古自治区通辽市人，汉族，2021年天津科技大学毕业，硕士，主要从事仿生健康与康复机械系统方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目(50975204)，项目负责人：张峻霞

Kinematics characteristics of lower limb joints of young men running wearing knee pads

Shao Yangyang1, 2, Zhang Junxia1, 2, Jiang Meijiao1, 2, Liu Zelong1, 2, Gao Kun1, 2, Yu Shuhan1, 2   

  1. 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
  • Received:2021-01-05 Revised:2021-01-08 Accepted:2021-02-27 Online:2022-02-28 Published:2021-12-07
  • Contact: Zhang Junxia, MD, Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
  • About author:Shao Yangyang, Master, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Integrated Design and On-line Monitoring for Light Industry & Food Machinery and Equipment, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China
  • Supported by:
    General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 50975204 (to ZJX)

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摘要：

文题释义：
运动学数据：用于分析人体在三维空间中的运动情况，通过运动学数据探索人体运动规律。此文运动学数据主要包括：优势侧和非优势侧膝关节在矢状面屈曲伸展活动范围、在冠状面内收外展活动范围、在水平面内旋外旋活动范围；优势侧和非优势侧踝关节在矢状面跖屈背屈活动范围、在冠状面内翻外翻活动范围、在水平面内旋外旋活动范围；优势侧和非优势侧髋关节在矢状面屈曲伸展活动范围、在冠状面内收外展活动范围和在水平面内旋外旋活动范围。
功能差异：由于优势侧的原因，人体发生某些动作时，两侧下肢表现的指标参数不一致。研究表明在起跳后的下落阶段优势侧承受更大的地面反作用力，这不仅会影响肢体的协调性，还可能会加速优势侧损伤；并且男性跑步者在跑步支撑期，优势侧与非优势侧矢状面内髋、膝活动角度存在差异性。

背景：伴随下肢运动损伤事件频发，人们对预防运动损伤的关注度持续增加，全面了解青年男性佩戴护膝跑步时优势侧和非优势侧下肢关节的运动学特征变化，对预防下肢损伤有着重要作用。
目的：从步态特征变化的角度分析护膝对膝、踝、髋关节的影响，并为健康青年人选择护膝提出建议，预防运动带来的关节损伤。
方法：共招募15名健康男性受试者在特定的试验路径中佩戴3种典型护膝(髌骨带、开口式、套筒式)跑步，使用红外摄像和生物力学测力台设备采集膝、踝、髋关节的运动学数据，使用Matlab、Minitab等软件通过编写特定程序对运动学数据进行处理和分析。
结果与结论：①佩戴开口式护膝使膝关节的屈曲伸展运动活动范围显著减小，踝关节内旋外旋活动范围显著增加，髋关节屈曲伸展活动范围显著减小；②佩戴套筒式护膝使膝关节内旋外旋的活动范围、优势侧踝关节的内翻外翻和内旋外旋的活动范围、优势侧髋关节的屈曲伸展范围显著减小；③提示佩戴护膝不但对膝关节产生影响，还对踝、髋关节产生了影响；佩戴不同类型护膝，对优势侧和非优势侧的踝关节和髋关节的影响不同；建议青年人佩戴套筒式护膝运动预防关节损伤。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-4176 (邵洋洋) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

关键词: 护膝, 跑步, 下肢, 步态, 膝关节, 踝关节, 髋关节, 优势侧, 非优势侧

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the frequent occurrence of lower extremity sports injuries, people’s attention to the prevention of sports injuries continues to increase. A comprehensive understanding of the changes in the kinematic characteristics of the dominant and non-dominant lower limb joints when young men wear knee pads for running plays an important role in preventing lower extremity injuries.  
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of knee pads on the knee, ankle, and hip joints, and make recommendations for healthy young people to choose knee pads to prevent joint injuries caused by sports from the perspective of kinematic characteristics.
METHODS:  Totally 15 healthy male subjects were recruited to run with three typical knee pads (patella belt, open type, sleeve type) on a specific experimental path. Infrared camera and biomechanics force plate equipment were used to collect knee, ankle, and hip joint kinematics data. Matlab and Minitab were utilized to process and analyze the kinematics data by writing specific programs.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Wearing an open knee pad significantly reduced the range of flexion and extension motion of the knee joint, significantly increased the range of ankle joint internal and external rotation motion, and significantly reduced the range of hip flexion and extension motion. (2) Wearing sleeve-type knee pads significantly reduced the range of knee joint internal rotation and external rotation movement, and significantly reduced the range of inversion and valgus movement of the dominant side ankle joint and the range of movement of internal and external rotation, and the flexion and extension range of the dominant hip joint. (3) It is concluded that wearing knee pads not only affects the knee joints, but also affects the ankle and hip joints. Wearing different types of knee pads has different effects on the ankle and hip joints on the dominant side and the non-dominant side. It is recommended that young people wear sleeve knee pads to prevent joint injuries.

Key words: knee pads, running, lower limbs, gait, knee joints, ankle joints, hip joints, dominant side, non-dominant side

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