中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (17): 2762-2767.doi: 10.12307/2022.548

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

血流限制法对交叉迁移现象的诱导及肌肉功能重建的作用

王永超1,2,王保臣3,4,魏祝颖5,鲍春雨1,2,刘世军6 ,孟庆华1   

  1. 天津体育学院,1体育教育与教育科学学院,2天津市运动生理与运动医学重点实验室,3教学实验实训中心,4体能训练市级教学实验示范中心,   5科研与研究生处,6竞技体育学部,天津市    301617
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-24 修回日期:2021-05-08 接受日期:2021-05-26 出版日期:2022-06-18 发布日期:2021-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 鲍春雨,博士,教授,天津体育学院体育教育与教育科学学院,天津市运动生理与运动医学重点实验室,天津市 301617
  • 作者简介:王永超,男,1995年生,河北省人,汉族,天津体育学院在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(11372223,11102135),项目负责人:孟庆华;天津市自然科学基金重点项目(17JCZDJC36000,18JCZDJC35900),项目负责人:孟庆华;天津市哲学社会科学规划课题(TJTY18-010),项目负责人:刘世军;天津市高等学校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2019SK091),项目负责人:王保臣

Blood flow restriction method for inducing cross-education phenomenon and muscle function reconstruction

Wang Yongchao1, 2, Wang Baochen3, 4, Wei Zhuying5, Bao Chunyu1, 2, Liu Shijun6, Meng Qinghua1   

  1. 1School of Physical Education and Educational Science, 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, 3Teaching Experiment and Training Center, 4Tianjin Teaching Experimental Demonstration Center for Physical Training, 5Division of Scientific Research and Postgraduate, 6Department of Competitive Sports, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Received:2021-03-24 Revised:2021-05-08 Accepted:2021-05-26 Online:2022-06-18 Published:2021-12-27
  • Contact: Bao Chunyu, MD, Professor, School of Physical Education and Educational Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • About author:Wang Yongchao, Master candidate, School of Physical Education and Educational Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 301617, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 11372223 and 11102135 (to MQH); Key Project of Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation, Nos. 17JCZDJC36000 and 18JCZDJC35900 (to MQH); Tianjin Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project, No. TJTY18-010 (to LSJ); the General Project of Humanities and Social Science Research in Tianjin Colleges and Universities, No. 2019SK091 (to WBC)

摘要:

文题释义:
交叉迁移现象:在短期内,将个体的单侧肢体进行一段时间抗阻训练后,对侧肢体会表现出一定比例的力量增长的现象。
血流限制法:以其独特的训练方式被广泛应用于临床康复人群,也称之为KAATSU训练。血流限制法训练起源于50年前的日本,通过在肌肉近端施加充气袖套或松紧带在低负荷强度下进行训练。

背景:独立的交叉迁移现象和血流限制法目前已在运动康复领域获得了一定程度的研究成果。但是,在诱导交叉迁移现象的众多方法中,传统抗阻训练法仍然占据着主导地位,由其衍生的血流限制法却极少得到人们的关注。在国际上目前已有数篇文章证实了血流限制法对交叉迁移现象有着显著诱导作用,但却尚未发现关于传统抗阻训练与血流限制法对诱导交叉迁移效应幅度的对比实验。
目的:通过对交叉迁移现象的产生机制和血流限制法的作用机制进行理论探究,探讨血流限制法在诱发交叉迁移现象时所能产生的更大效益和更广的临床应用范围。
方法:由第一作者在Web of Science、PubMed和EMbase数据库进行文献检索,对相关高质量文章结果进行详细探究、分析与整理。
结果与结论:①与非血流限制法阻力训练相比,低负荷血流限制法阻力训练提供了一种独特的替代方法,可以在较小的机械应力和运动量下诱导更大的神经-肌肉适应性;②康复后和肢体固定期间,血流限制法也能用作一种新的减少肌肉力量和肌肉体积损失的运动方案,同时血流限制法还提供一个独特的机制,可以单独使用或结合运动来潜在地增加对侧未训练肢体的肌力和肌肉质量;③于交叉迁移效应最重要的传导通路由神经系统所承载,逢集血流限制法训练对运动单位的招募速度提升,以及在局部较高代谢压力下所激发的更高神经-肌肉适应性,如此使得血流限制法训练对诱发交叉迁移效应具有更高效的先决条件;④现阶段,由于各研究样本数量的限制,以及血流限制法训练中对压力的使用范围还尚无明确界定,使得血流限制法-交叉迁移的实际应用仍有许多问题亟待解决,如在临床应用中压力的使用范围、各年龄阶段患者对不同压力的反应差异,以及如何在训练痛感下督促患者完整执行整个周期的康复训练等;⑤未来的研究中,需加强对血流限制法诱导交叉迁移现象的探索,将会在交叉迁移领域的临床使用中获得更大突破。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-7206 (王永超) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4584-148X (鲍春雨) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 交叉迁移, 血流限制法, 抗阻训练, 神经-肌肉适应性, 骨骼肌肥大, 力量增长, 综述, 运动康复

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cross-education phenomenon and blood flow restriction have been studied in the field of sports rehabilitation. However, the traditional resistance training still occupies the dominant position in the induction of cross-education phenomenon, and blood flow restriction method derived from it has received little attention. Several studies have confirmed that blood flow restriction has a significant inducing effect on cross-education phenomenon, but no comparative experiment has been found on the effect of traditional resistance training versus blood flow restriction on cross-education phenomenon.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the generating mechanism of cross-education phenomenon and the mechanism of blood flow restriction, and to explore the greater benefits and wider clinical application of blood flow restriction in inducing cross-education phenomenon.
METHODS: The first author searched for relevant literature in the Web of Science, PubMed, and EMbase, analyzed and summarized relevant high-quality articles for final review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Low-load blood flow restriction resistance training is a unique alternative to non-blood flow restriction resistance training, which can induce greater neuromuscular adaptability under less mechanical stress and exercises. Blood flow restriction can be used as a new exercise scheme to reduce muscle strength and muscle loss after rehabilitation and during limb fixation. Meanwhile, blood flow restriction also provides a unique mechanism, which can be used alone or combined with exercise to potentially increase the muscle strength and muscle mass of the contralateral untrained limb. The most important conduction pathway of cross-education phenomenon is carried by the nervous system, the recruitment of motor units by blood flow restriction training is accelerated and improved, and the higher neuromuscular adaptability is stimulated by local higher metabolic pressure, all of which make blood flow restriction training a more efficient prerequisite for inducing cross-education phenomenon. At present, due to the limited sample size and the lack of a clear definition of pressure scope in blood flow restriction training, there are still many problems to be solved in the practical application of blood flow restriction-cross-education, including the range of pressure used in clinical application, the different responses of patients at different ages to different pressures, and how to urge patients to complete the whole cycle of rehabilitation training under the pain of training. In the future, strengthening the exploration of cross-education phenomenon induced by blood flow restriction will make a larger breakthrough in the clinical application of cross-education phenomenon.

Key words: cross-education, blood flow restriction, resistance training, neuromuscular adaptation, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power growth, review, exercise rehabilitation

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