中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (19): 3108-3116.doi: 10.12307/2022.394
• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇
宋聖姣,李 娟,吴文成,肖 赟,廖宝莹,李 星
收稿日期:
2021-06-02
修回日期:
2021-07-22
接受日期:
2021-08-09
出版日期:
2022-07-08
发布日期:
2021-12-29
通讯作者:
李星,博士,教授,硕士生导师,陕西师范大学 生命科学学院,西北濒危药材资源开发国家工程实验室 药用资源与天然药物化学教育部重点实验室,陕西省西安市 710119
作者简介:
宋聖姣,女,1998年生,陕西省渭南市人,汉族,陕西师范大学在读硕士,主要从事干细胞、外泌体对脱髓鞘疾病治疗的研究。
基金资助:
Song Shengjiao, Li Juan, Wu Wencheng, Xiao Yun, Liao Baoying, Li Xing
Received:
2021-06-02
Revised:
2021-07-22
Accepted:
2021-08-09
Online:
2022-07-08
Published:
2021-12-29
Contact:
Li Xing, MD, Professor, Master’s supervisor, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi Province, China
About author:
Song Shengjiao, Master candidate, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi Province, China
Supported by:
摘要:
文题释义:
脱髓鞘疾病:中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病是一类同时涉及脑、脊髓和周围神经等多个部位的疾病。脱髓鞘是其整个病理过程中最具特征性的表现,该类疾病因为具有发病机制复杂、临床表现多样、对治疗药物反应的个体差异性较大等特点,在临床治疗过程中具有极大的挑战性。
少突胶质细胞:是中枢神经系统内形成髓鞘的细胞,由少突胶质前体细胞分化形成。主要功能是在中枢神经系统中包绕轴突、形成绝缘的髓鞘结构、协助生物电信号的跳跃式高效传递并维持和保护神经元的正常功能。
背景:脱髓鞘疾病是以神经髓鞘脱失为主、神经元胞体及轴突相对损伤较轻为特征的一种疾病。正常生理条件下,髓鞘脱失后机体会自发地进行髓鞘再生,但在病理条件下,该过程会因多种因素被抑制,导致髓鞘再生不完全或失败,使脱髓鞘发展,病情持续加重。
目的:文章强调了少突胶质细胞在髓鞘再生过程中的重要性,以及如何从少突胶质细胞的角度开展以药物和细胞为基础的脱髓鞘疾病药物的研发,以期为脱髓鞘疾病的药物开发提供新的途径。
方法:利用PubMed、GeenMedical和中国知网等数据库检索、筛选与少突胶质细胞和脱髓鞘疾病相关或涉及少突胶质前体细胞、少突胶质细胞相关功能以及髓鞘再生方面的文献,英文检索词为“oligodendrocyte, demyelinating disease”,中文检索词为“少突胶质细胞、脱髓鞘疾病”,检索时间从各数据库建库至2021-05-01,共纳入参考文献142篇。
结果与结论:①少突胶质细胞在脱髓鞘疾病中对于髓鞘再生的作用至关重要,炎性微环境中,少突胶质细胞的功能会受到损伤并损害轴突传导,维持少突胶质细胞在中枢神经系统中的功能对于脱髓鞘疾病的治疗至关重要。②目前,针对脱髓鞘疾病新的治疗策略层出不穷,主要以预防炎症为主。如通过生物信息技术手段筛选出可用的小分子化合物或经美国食品和药物管理局批准的药物为筛选对象开发出可以靶向调节髓鞘再生不同阶段内在或外在信号的药物,以及移植具有分化为少突胶质细胞能力的中枢神经系统干细胞至病灶区域的细胞疗法。现行研究的治疗切入点各有千秋,研发出低成本、低不良反应、高药物疗效、高效益的治疗策略还将面临艰巨的挑战。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-1364 (李星)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
中图分类号:
宋聖姣, 李 娟, 吴文成, 肖 赟, 廖宝莹, 李 星. 少突胶质细胞的功能与脱髓鞘疾病[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2022, 26(19): 3108-3116.
Song Shengjiao, Li Juan, Wu Wencheng, Xiao Yun, Liao Baoying, Li Xing. Function of oligodendrocytes and demyelinating disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(19): 3108-3116.
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1.1.6 检索策略 中英文数据库检索策略,见图2。
1.1.7 检索文献量 根据数据库搜索初步检索得到相关文献435篇。
1.2 纳入和排除标准
纳入标准:观点新颖、切入点创新的涉及少突胶质细胞和脱髓鞘疾病的相关研究,涉及少突胶质前体细胞、少突胶质细胞相关功能以及髓鞘再生方面的文献,以及收录脱髓鞘疾病治疗方向的文献入参考库。
排除标准:不涉及此篇综述研究目的的文献,重复性观点研究文献,质量较低且观点过时的文献,继而排除中英文重复性观点和研究文献。
1.3 数据提取 经过中英文数据库初步检索获得相关文献435篇,通过粗略阅读摘要和结果进一步选取相关文献174篇,后经过仔细阅读、考虑文章的相关性和参考价值,并根据纳入和排除标准共筛选出相关参考文献142篇,检索流程见图3。
文题释义:
脱髓鞘疾病:中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病是一类同时涉及脑、脊髓和周围神经等多个部位的疾病。脱髓鞘是其整个病理过程中最具特征性的表现,该类疾病因为具有发病机制复杂、临床表现多样、对治疗药物反应的个体差异性较大等特点,在临床治疗过程中具有极大的挑战性。
少突胶质细胞:是中枢神经系统内形成髓鞘的细胞,由少突胶质前体细胞分化形成。主要功能是在中枢神经系统中包绕轴突、形成绝缘的髓鞘结构、协助生物电信号的跳跃式高效传递并维持和保护神经元的正常功能。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
少突胶质细胞的形成:少突胶质细胞源自侧脑室室管膜下区的胚胎神经上皮干细胞即神经祖细胞,经历前少突胶质细胞祖细胞和少突胶质前体细胞两个阶段后最终分化完成。神经祖细胞是一种能够“自我更新”和分化成为中枢神经系统主要类型细胞的干细胞群,前少突胶质细胞祖细胞呈圆形,表面较为光滑,分裂增殖能力强。少突胶质前体细胞为圆形或椭圆形细胞,胞体常呈两极或三极突起,仍具有一定的分裂增殖能力。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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