中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 446-455.doi: 10.12307/2022.074

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

4D生物打印在组织工程的应用

关  健1,2,贾燕飞2,张葆鑫2,赵国中1,2   

  1. 1内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010110;2内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010030
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-25 修回日期:2021-02-27 接受日期:2021-04-17 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2021-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 贾燕飞,主任医师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:关健,男,1993年生,内蒙古自治区通辽市人,蒙古族,内蒙古医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨科学方面的研究。

Application of 4D bioprinting in tissue engineering

Guan Jian1, 2, Jia Yanfei2, Zhang Baoxin 2, Zhao Guozhong1, 2   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-02-25 Revised:2021-02-27 Accepted:2021-04-17 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: Jia Yanfei, Chief physician, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Guan Jian, Master candidate, Physician, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
4D生物打印:4D打印本质上是一种三维打印技术,其中包含的第四维被称为“时间”,这项技术需要具有随时间变化的多材料打印能力,或者需要一种可以从一种形状改变为另一种形状的定制材料系统。对于 4D 打印一个较为全面的定义是:一个三维印刷结构被暴露于预定刺激下(如温度、水、光、pH值等),其功能、形状、性能可随时间发生变化。因此,与 3D 打印技术相比,4D 打印最大的突破在于其随时间变化的能力,而4D生物打印则是打印材料及打印产品具有生物相容性。
智能材料:泛指将传感元件、驱动元件以及有关的信号处理和控制电路集成在材料结构中,通过机、热、光、化、电、磁等刺激和控制,使其不仅具有承受载荷的能力,而且具有识别、分析、处理及控制等多种功能,能进行自诊断、自适应、自学习及自修复。

背景:随着科技的不断发展3D生物打印已经成为组织工程学的重点研究领域,然而目前仍存在一些局限性无法解决。4D生物打印是最新兴起的一种技术,它成为了组织工程下一代的主要解决手段。
目的:根据不同形状转变原理而分别介绍4D生物打印的材料和方式,探讨4D生物打印在组织工程中的应用以及目前面临的挑战。
方法:以“4D bioprinting,4D biofabriation,printing,smart materials,smart scaffold,shape memory polymers,tissue engineering”或“4D生物打印,4D生物制造,打印,智能材料,智能支架,形状记忆聚合物,组织工程”等作为检索词,应用互联网在CNKI、PubMed、SCIE数据库检索2016-01-01/2021-01-01发表的相关文献共127篇,经过第一作者筛除并追加收录优质参考文献,共纳入106篇文章进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①4D生物打印是最新兴起的一种技术,它将时间的概念和3D生物打印相结合作为第四维度,4D生物打印能够制造复杂的具有功能性的结构;②它可以通过使用智能材料制作动态的三维生物结构,这些结构可以在各种刺激下改变形状;③印刷细胞结构的功能转变和成熟也被认为是4D生物打印其中的一种形式;④该技术为组织工程提供了前所未有的潜力,虽然该技术在生物医学领域备受瞩目,但由于其尚处于兴起阶段,若想实现临床应用还需要更多的研究和发展。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-5954 (关健) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 4D生物打印, 4D生物制造, 打印, 智能材料, 智能支架, 形状记忆聚合物, 组织工程, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: 3D bioprinting has become a crucial research field of tissue engineering with the unceasing development of science and technology. Nevertheless, some limitations cannot be resolved. 4D bioprinting is the most emerging technology, and has become the major solution for the next generation of tissue engineering.
OBJECTIVE: To introduce the materials and methods of 4D bioprinting in accordance with various shape transformation principles, and to explore the application of 4D bioprinting to tissue engineering and the current challenges.
METHODS: “4D bioprinting, 4D biofabriation, printing, smart materials, smart scaffold, shape memory polymers, tissue engineering” in Chinese and English were utilized as search terms. A total of 127 related articles published from January 1, 2016 to January 1, 2021 were retrieved from CNKI, PubMed, and SCIE databases. After screening out by the first author and adding high-quality references, 106 articles were included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) 4D bioprinting, the latest emerging technology, combines the concept of time with 3D bioprinting as the fourth dimension. 4D bioprinting can create complex and functional structures. (2) 4D bioprinting can make dynamic 3D biological structures by using smart materials. These structures can alter shape under various stimuli. (3) The functional transformation and maturation of printed cell structures are also considered a form of 4D bioprinting. (4) This technology provides an unprecedented potential for tissue engineering. In the field of biomedicine, although this technology has attracted great attention, more research and development are needed to realize clinical application, because it is still in the emerging stage.

Key words: 4D bioprinting, 4D biomanufacturing, printing, smart materials, smart scaffolds, shape memory polymers, tissue engineering, review

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