中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4870-4876.doi: 10.12307/2021.276

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

腰椎融合后全髋关节置换患者假体脱位与腰椎骨盆矢状面参数的关系

王亚超,黄  健   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010000
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-11 修回日期:2020-12-23 接受日期:2021-01-30 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-07-29
  • 通讯作者: 王亚超,男,1993年生,山西省侯马市人,汉族,内蒙古医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事关节外科方面的研究
  • 作者简介:黄健,博士,主任医师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010000

Relationship between prosthetic dislocation and lumbar pelvic sagittal parameters in patients undergoing total hip replacement after lumbar fusion

Wang Yachao, Huang Jian   

  1. Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-12-11 Revised:2020-12-23 Accepted:2021-01-30 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Huang Jian, MD, Chief physician, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Yachao, Master candidate, Physician, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
腰椎融合:是临床上治疗腰椎退行性变、腰椎骨折等疾病的常见治疗方式,术后腰椎融合节段活动度下降,引起一系列腰椎骨盆生物力学的改变。
全髋关节置换:将人工假体,包括股骨假体与髋臼假体,固定在正常的骨质上,取代病变的关节,重建患者髋关节的正常功能,是一种成熟的技术手段。
腰椎骨盆矢状面:对于维持人体平衡具有重要意义,当腰椎骨盆矢状面平衡时,人体能以最小的能量消耗来保持直立与平衡;当腰椎骨盆矢状面失衡时,腰椎与骨盆会代偿性发生改变,以更多的能量消耗来维持人体的直立与平衡。
背景:全髋关节置换后假体脱位是限制假体使用寿命最重要的因素之一,给患者带来巨大的身体痛苦与经济负担。研究发现,腰椎融合是全髋关节置换后假体脱位最重要的独立危险因素,探究其引发脱位的原因并提出治疗方案一直是关节外科医生关注的重要课题。
目的:针对腰椎骨盆矢状面,探讨有腰椎融合手术史的患者再行全髋关节置换后假体脱位率增加的原因以及治疗方案,并作出综述。
方法:中文以“腰椎融合术,全髋关节置换术,骨盆矢状面,撞击,脱位”为关键词,英文以“lumbar fusion,total hip replacement,pelvic sagittal plane,impingement,dislocation”为关键词,检索CNKI、万方、PubMed数据库2016至2020年发表的相关文章,依据纳入及排除标准,最终纳入39篇文献。
结果与结论:①有腰椎融合手术史的患者再行全髋关节置换后假体脱位率增加的根本原因是撞击,腰椎骨盆矢状面X射线片是研究撞击最经济有效的方式;②腰椎融合后,腰椎通过平衡性与活动性两方面影响骨盆矢状面,增加撞击风险:腰椎严重失衡,导致骨盆后倾,髋臼垂直,增加撞击风险;腰椎僵硬,导致骨盆活动度下降,髋关节活动度增加,增加撞击风险;③腰椎、骨盆与髋关节矢状面的相互关系具有广泛的应用价值。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3064-9826 (王亚超) 

关键词: 腰椎融合, 全髋关节置换, 骨盆矢状面, 撞击, 脱位

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Dislocation of the prosthesis after total hip replacement is one of the most important factors that limit the life of the prosthesis, which brings huge physical pain and economic burden to the patient. Studies have found that lumbar fusion is the most important independent risk factor for prosthesis dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. Exploring the reasons for the dislocation and proposing treatment options have always been an important topic for joint surgeons.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and review the reasons for the increased dislocation rate of the prosthesis after total hip replacement in patients with a history of lumbar fusion surgery and the treatment plan by studying the sagittal plane of the lumbar spine and pelvis.
METHODS: The Chinese key words were “lumbar fusion; total hip replacement; pelvic sagittal plane; impingement; dislocation” and the English key words were “lumbar fusion; total hip replacement; pelvic sagittal plane; impingement; dislocation”. After searching the articles published from 2016 to 2020 in Wanfang, CNKI, and PubMed databases, 39 articles were finally included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The reason for the increased prosthesis dislocation rate of patients with a history of lumbar fusion surgery and undergoing total hip replacement is impingement, and the most economical and effective way to study impact is the sagittal X-ray of the lumbar pelvis. (2) After lumbar fusion, the lumbar spine affects the sagittal plane of pelvis through balance and mobility, increasing impact risk: the lumbar spine is severely unbalanced, causing the pelvis to tilt backward and the acetabulum to be vertical, increasing the risk of impact; stiffness of the lumbar spine leads to decreased pelvic mobility and increased hip joint mobility, which increases the risk of impact. (3) The relationship between the sagittal plane of lumbar spine, pelvis and hip joint has a wide range of applications.

Key words: lumbar fusion, total hip replacement, pelvic sagittal plane, impingement, dislocation

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