中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (32): 5197-5203.doi: 10.12307/2021.224

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

针灸治疗女性压力性尿失禁:随机对照研究特点分析

白富裕 1,王孟琦2,薛  锋3,李振瑞1,闫清皓1,张智意1,王  峰1,4   

  1. 1上海中医药大学,上海市   200120;2上海交通大学医学院,上海市   200025;3上海市奉贤区中心医院,上海市   201499;4上海市黄浦区香山中医医院,上海市   200020
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-20 修回日期:2020-07-22 接受日期:2020-09-15 出版日期:2021-11-18 发布日期:2021-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 王峰,副主任医师,硕士生导师,上海中医药大学,上海市 200120;上海市黄浦区香山中医医院,上海市 200020
  • 作者简介:白富裕,男,1994年生,陕西省佳县人,汉族,上海中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事针灸临床效应评价研究
  • 基金资助:
    上海市卫健委中医药基金项目(2014LP041A),项目负责人:王峰;上海市黄浦区科技项目(HKW201405),项目负责人:王峰;上海市卫健委中医特色诊疗技术提升项目(压力性尿失禁)(Zyjx-2017033),项目负责人:王峰;上海市黄浦区卫健委科研项目(ZY-2019RCTDPY-1004),项目负责人:王峰

Characteristics of randomized controlled trials on acupuncture for stress urinary incontinence in women

Bai Fuyu1, Wang Mengqi2, Xue Feng3, Li Zhenrui1, Yan Qinghao1, Zhang Zhiyi1, Wang Feng1, 4   

  1. 1Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; 2School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; 3Central Hospital of Fengxian District, Shanghai 201499, China; 4Xiangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China

  • Received:2020-07-20 Revised:2020-07-22 Accepted:2020-09-15 Online:2021-11-18 Published:2021-07-26
  • Contact: Wang Feng, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Xiangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
  • About author:Bai Fuyu, Master candidate, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
  • Supported by:
    The Chinese Medicine Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, No. 2014LP041A (to WF); Science and Technology Project of Shanghai Huangpu District, No. HKW201405 (to WF); The Project of Improving Diagnosis and Treatment using Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, No. Zyix-2017033 (to WF); Scientific Research Project of Shanghai Huangpu District Health Commission, No.                             ZY-2019RCTDPY-1004 (to WF)

摘要:

文题释义:
压力性尿失禁:主要是由于女性盆底支撑结构或是尿道括约肌缺陷而不能正常工作所致,临床表现主要为咳嗽、打喷嚏、大笑、运动甚至走路时腹部压力增大,在膀胱逼尿肌未收缩的情况下发生漏尿。
随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT):其基本方法是,将研究对象随机分组,对不同组实施不同的干预,以对照效果的不同。具有能够最大程度地避免临床试验设计及实施中可能出现的各种偏倚、平衡混杂因素、提高统计学检验的有效性等诸多优点,被公认为是评价干预措施的金标准。
背景:众多文献对针灸治疗压力性尿失禁进行综述分析,但存在中外文献数据库检索不全面或没有针对性分析针灸对女性患者的单独疗效等局限性。
目的:对针灸治疗压力性尿失禁临床研究各特点进行分析,为针灸临床提供参考。
方法:检索从建库截止至2020-03-15 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Clinical Evidence、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(WanFang)及中国生物医学文献数据库(SinoMed)中以针灸为主要干预手段治疗压力性尿失禁的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,采用文献计量学方法对符合纳入标准的文献进行数据信息的提取,并运用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具进行文献质量评价。从文献发表数量、诊断标准、治疗方法、腧穴选择与归经、治疗时长频次与疗程、疗效标准与结局指标、针刺操作方法特点、临床研究方法设计等方面进行统计,对针灸治疗压力性尿失禁进行定量分析。
结果与结论:①共筛选出符合要求的115篇中英文文献,文献发表数量自2012年呈逐年增多并趋于稳定;②诊断标准和疗效标准的使用缺乏统一和规范;③治疗方法主要为针刺疗法单独使用或联合其他疗法(盆底肌训练和生物反馈等)、灸法单独使用或联合其他疗法、针灸结合或联合其他疗法,单独的针灸疗法以体针(毫针针刺)和电针居多;使用频次前10位的腧穴依次为关元、中极、三阴交、气海、肾俞、会阳、足三里、中髎、次髎、百会;选取的经脉以足太阳膀胱经、任脉、足少阳胆经、足少阴肾经等为主;④主客观指标相互结合,有效率为最常出现的结局指标;⑤针刺临床操作方法与治疗疗程不一;临床研究的方法学质量和报告质量普遍较低,高论证强度的研究稀少;⑥分析结果说明,针灸治疗压力性尿失禁疗法丰富多样,以局部选穴结合循经取穴为主;临床研究的设计与方法标准不一,有待于今后在临床中进一步规范与完善。


关键词: 压力性尿失禁, 女性, 针灸疗法, 随机对照试验, 文献计量学, Cochrane偏倚风险评估

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous literatures have reviewed and analyzed acupuncture and moxibustion for stress urinary incontinence; however, there are some limitations, such as no comprehensive or targeted analysis of the individual efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion on female patients.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of clinical research regarding acupuncture for treating stress urinary incontinence to provide reference for acupuncture in clinical practice. 
METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to acupuncture intervention on stress urinary incontinence published before March 15, 2020 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinical Evidence, CNKI, VIP, WanFang and SinoMed. Bibliometrics was used to extract data and information from the documents that met the inclusion criteria, and Cochrane was used to evaluate the quality of literature. We quantitatively analyzed acupuncture treatment for stress urinary incontinence from the number of publications, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods, selection of acupoints and meridians, frequency and duration of treatment, curative effect standards and outcome indicators, characteristics of acupuncture operation methods, and design of clinical research methods. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 115 Chinese and English documents that met the requirements were screened out. The number of publications has been increasing year by year and tends to be stablely increased since 2012. The use of diagnostic criteria and efficacy criteria is not uniform and standardized; treatment methods are mainly acupuncture alone or in combination with other therapies (pelvic floor muscle training and biofeedback), moxibustion alone or in combination with other therapies, acupuncture combined with other therapies. Single acupuncture therapy is mostly body acupuncture and electric acupuncture. The top 10 acupoints used are Guanyuan (RN 4), Zhongji (RN 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Qihai (RN 6), Shenshu (BL 23), Huiyang (BL 35), Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongliao (BL 33), Ciliao (BL 32), Baihui (DU 20). The BL, RN, GB and KI meridians are the most used. Subjective and objective indicators are combined with each other, and the effective rate is the most frequently used as the outcome indicator. Both clinical operation methods and the course of treatment are different in the documents. The quality of methodology and clinical reports are generally poor, and researches with high argumentation intensity are rare. Methods of acupuncture for stress urinary incontinence are various, mainly based on local selection of acupoints combined with acupoints selection along the meridian. The standards of design and method are different in the clinical researches, which need to be standardized and improved in the future.

Key words: stress urinary incontinence, female, acupuncture therapy, randomized controlled trial, bibliometrics, Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment

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