中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (29): 4742-4748.doi: 10.12307/2022.899

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

肌电生物反馈治疗卒中后肢体痉挛的Meta分析

张田田1,李甲民1,欧  梁2,商  燕1,徐雅倩3,胡国恒1,3   

  1. 1湖南中医药大学研究生院,湖南省长沙市   410208;2贵州中医药大学第二附属医院骨伤科,贵州省贵阳市   550001;3湖南中医药大学第一附属医院神经内科,湖南省长沙市   410007
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-10 接受日期:2021-10-28 出版日期:2022-10-18 发布日期:2022-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 胡国恒,博士,教授,主任医师,湖南中医药大学研究生院,湖南省长沙市 410208;湖南中医药大学第一附属医院神经内科,湖南省长沙市 410007
  • 作者简介:张田田,女,1993年生,湖南中医药大学在读博士,医师,主要从事中医药防治神经系统疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81573941),项目负责人:胡国恒

Electromyographic biofeedback for post-stroke limb spasticity: a Meta-analysis

Zhang Tiantian1, Li Jiamin1, Ou Liang2, Shang Yan1, Xu Yaqian3, Hu Guoheng1, 3   

  1. 1Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China; 3Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2021-09-10 Accepted:2021-10-28 Online:2022-10-18 Published:2022-03-28
  • Contact: Hu Guoheng, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China; Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Tiantian, MD candidate, Physician, Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81573941 (to HGH)

摘要:

文题释义:
肌电生物反馈:是通过肌电生物反馈仪,利用表面电极记录肌肉舒缩情况,并将肌电活动转换成视觉和/或听觉信息,接受治疗者以此进行肌肉放松或收缩性训练,提高对生物过程的认识和控制,从而达到肢体功能康复目的的一种渐进式训练治疗方法。
脑卒中后痉挛:为一种上运动神经元损伤而致的运动功能障碍,由于伸展反射的过度兴奋,出现以肌张力速度依赖性增高及腱反射亢进的特征表现。痉挛加重可导致主动肌、拮抗肌的共同异常激活,产生异常姿势,限制肢体运动范围和运动的学习,对肢体功能恢复产生负面影响。

目的:肌电生物反馈疗法现已广泛运用于脑卒中后患者的肌力康复训练,文章系统评价肌电生物反馈治疗脑卒中后肢体痉挛的临床疗效。 
方法:全面检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、中国知网、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库中有关肌电生物反馈治疗卒中后痉挛的临床随机对照试验,时间从各数据库建库至2021年6月。采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具和改良Jadad量表评价原始研究质量,使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。
结果:共纳入15篇临床随机对照研究,提取样本量878例。Meta分析结果提示,①肌电生物反馈治疗≤4周和4周以上的改良的Ashworth量表(MD=-0.32,95%CI:-0.45至-0.19,P < 0.000 01;MD=-0.27,95%CI:-0.37至-0.17,P < 0.000 01)和临床痉挛指数(MD=-2.05,95%CI:-2.27至-1.83,P < 0.000 01),试验组均优于对照组。②除腕关节主动活动度无改善外(P > 0.05),肌电生物反馈对偏瘫运动功能(上肢≤4周:MD=3.39,95%CI:2.02-4.77,P < 0.000 01;上肢> 4周:MD=2.53,95%CI:2.04-3.02,P < 0.000 01;下肢> 4周:MD=3.36,95%CI:2.90-3.83,P < 0.000 01;总评分≤4周:MD=20.63,95%CI:19.38-21.88,P < 0.000 01;总评分> 4周:MD=8.08,95%CI:3.38-12.78,P=0.000 8)和踝关节主动活动度(≤4周:MD=4.87,95%CI:1.12-8.62,P=0.01;> 4周:MD=3.69,95%CI:3.04-4.34,P < 0.000 01)的改善也优于对照组。③电生理参数(屈肌群:MD=-16.80,95%CI:-24.75至-8.85,P < 0.000 1;伸肌群:MD=17.88,95%CI:2.83-32.93,P=0.02)的改善试验组也优于对照组。
结论:肌电生物反馈可以有效改善卒中后肢体的痉挛程度,促进肢体功能的康复,但仍需高质量的随机对照试验进一步验证。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-3634 (张田田)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脑卒中, 痉挛, 偏瘫, 肌电生物反馈, 功能, 康复, 随机对照试验, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Electromyographic biofeedback therapy has been widely used in post-stroke muscle rehabilitation training. The purpose of this paper is to systematically evaluate the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback on treating post-stroke spasticity.
METHODS: The randomized controlled trials addressing electromyographic biofeedback in the treatment of post-stroke spasticity were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, and WanFang Database. The retrieval time ranged from database inception to June 2021. The risk of bias was evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration tool and modified Jadad scale. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.
RESULTS: A total of 15 randomized controlled trials were included, and 878 samples were extracted. The results of Meta-analysis showed that treatment with electromyographic biofeedback ≤ 4 weeks or over 4 weeks showed a significantly lower modified Ashworth scale score [mean difference (MD)=-0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.45 to -0.19, P < 0.000 01; MD=-0.27, 95% CI: -0.37 to -0.17, P < 0.000 01] and significantly lower clinical spasticity index (MD=-2.05, 95% CI: -2.27 to -1.83, P < 0.000 01) compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, electromyographic biofeedback could significantly improve the motor function (upper limbs ≤ 4 weeks: MD=3.39, 95% CI: 2.02-4.77, P < 0.000 01; upper limbs > 4 weeks: MD=2.53, 95% CI: 2.04-3.02, P < 0.000 01; lower limbs > 4 weeks: MD=3.36, 95% CI: 2.90-3.83, P < 0.000 01; total score ≤ 4 weeks: MD=20.63, 95% CI: 19.38-21.88, P < 0.000 01; total score > 4 weeks: MD=8.08, 95% CI: 3.38-12.78, P=0.000 8), the active range of motion of the ankle joint (≤ 4 weeks: MD=4.87, 95% CI: 1.12-8.62, P=0.01; > 4 weeks: MD=3.69, 95% CI: 3.04-4.34, P < 0.000 01) and electrophysiological parameters (flexor group: MD=-16.80, 95% CI: -24.75 to -8.85, P < 0.000 1; extensor group: MD=17.88, 95% CI: 2.83-32.93, P=0.02) of the hemiplegic limbs.
CONCLUSION: Electromyographic biofeedback can effectively improve post-stroke limb spasticity and function. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed to further verify its efficacy and safety.

Key words: stroke, spasticity, hemiplegia, electromyographic biofeedback, function, rehabilitation, randomized controlled trials, Meta-analysis

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