中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3921-3928.doi: 10.12307/2021.103

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

D-二聚体在诊断假体周围感染中的应用价值及准确性:系统评价与荟萃分析

程崇杰1,2,3,闫  延3,4,张启栋1,3,郭万首1,2,3   

  1. 1北京协和医学院研究生院,北京市   100730;2中日友好临床医学研究所,北京市   100029;3中日友好医院骨关节外科,北京市   100029;4北京大学中日友好临床医学院,北京市   100029
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-09 修回日期:2020-10-12 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 郭万首,博士,教授,博士生导师,北京协和医学院,北京市 100730;中日友好医院主任医师,北京市 100029
  • 作者简介:程崇杰,男,1992年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,北京协和医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节外科方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81972130),项目负责人:郭万首

Diagnostic value and accuracy of D-dimer in periprosthetic joint infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cheng Chongjie1, 2, 3, Yan Yan3, 4, Zhang Qidong1, 3, Guo Wanshou1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; 2China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; 4China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100029, China  
  • Received:2020-10-09 Revised:2020-10-12 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-18
  • Contact: Guo Wanshou, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • About author:Cheng Chongjie, Master candidate, physician, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81972130 (to GWS)

摘要:

文题释义:
D-二聚体:是交联纤维蛋白的特异性降解产物,属于凝血级联反应相关的一种指标。
似然比:是反映真实性的一种指标,属于同时反映灵敏度和特异度的复合指标。

目的:目前尚没有单一或联合应用的指标可以用来直接确诊或排除关节置换后假体周围感染。D-二聚体近年来作为一种新兴的检测指标被骨科医生用于辅助诊断假体周围感染,但它的可靠性仍然存在争议。文章运用Meta分析方法明确D-二聚体用于诊断假体周围感染时的实际应用价值及准确性。
方法:在PubMed,Embase,Web of Science和Cochrane Library数据库进行系统性检索,并筛选和纳入相关诊断性试验类文献。使用QUADAS-2方法对纳入的文献进行质量评价,应用双变量混合效应模型合并纳入研究的敏感性、特异性、似然比、诊断优势比,综合受试者工作特征曲线及曲线下面积,以具体评价D-二聚体在诊断假体周围感染时的准确性,用单变量Meta回归和亚组分析的方法探究异质性的来源。
结果:①研究共纳入11篇符合标准的文献,文献质量均为中上等,共计1 645例患者;②研究合并的敏感性、特异性、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、诊断优势比、和曲线下面积分别为:0.80(95%CI:0.72-0.87),0.74(95%CI:0.62-0.83),3.04(95%CI:2.01-4.61),0.27(95%CI:0.18-0.40),11.40(95%CI:5.50-23.63)和0.84(95%CI:0.81-0.87);③单变量Meta回归提示,样本来源和阈值对于合并敏感性结果的异质性存在影响,亚组分析结果显示,血清D-二聚体在假体周围感染的诊断中较血浆D-二聚体具有更高的准确性(合并的敏感性:0.88 vs. 0.67;合并的特异性:0.78 vs. 0.67;合并的曲线下面积:0.91 vs. 0.68);④Spearman相关性分析显示,各研究间不存在明显的阈值效应,异质性并非由研究间所采用的阈值差异造成。
结论:①血清D-二聚体在假体周围感染的诊断中具有良好的应用价值及较高的准确性,而血浆D-二聚体对假体周围感染的诊断价值有限;②由于没有充足的数据来进行不同时期或不同部位感染的亚组分析,尚不能进一步评估D-二聚体在诊断急性假体周围感染和慢性假体周围感染时的差异,或在诊断髋关节感染和膝关节感染时的差异,因此今后还需要更多大规模、多中心的前瞻性研究来验证。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5969-2254 (程崇杰) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 髋关节, 膝关节, 假体周围感染, D-二聚体, 关节置换, 诊断性试验, 荟萃分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: There is still no single indicator or even a combination of indicators that can definitely confirm or exclude periprosthetic joint infection. D-dimer has recently emerged as a novel index for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection, but its reliability is uncertain. We determined the practical application value and the accuracy of D-dimer in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection by using meta-analysis.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic search and screening to identify relevant articles from register databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. QUADAS-2 was used to assess the quality of each included study. The bivariate mixed-effects regression model was used to combine sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, summary receiver operating characteristic curve, and area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve to evaluate the diagnostic value of overall D-dimer for periprosthetic joint infection. Univariate meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity.
RESULTS: (1) A total of 11 studies were included in our study, including 1 645 patients. The quality of the included studies was regarded as the upper-middle level. (2) The pooled sensitivity, specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve were 0.80(95%CI:0.72-0.87), 0.74(95%CI:0.62-0.83), 3.04(95%CI:2.01-4.61), 0.27(95%CI:0.18-0.40), 11.40(95%CI:5.50-23.63), and 0.84(95%CI:0.81-0.87). (3) Univariate meta regression showed that sample source and threshold had influence on the heterogeneity of pooled sensitivity results. Subgroup outcomes showed that serum D-dimer had a higher diagnostic accuracy than plasma D-dimer for periprosthetic joint infection (pooled sensitivity: 0.88 vs. 0.67; pooled specificity: 0.78 vs. 0.67; pooled area under the curve: 0.91 vs. 0.68). (4) The Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no obvious threshold effect among the studies. The heterogeneity might be unrelated to the threshold effects.
CONCLUSION: (1) Serum D-dimer had a promising performance for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection, which was shown to have a better diagnostic value than plasma D-dimer. (2) There are no sufficient data existing for subgroup analysis of different periods or joints of periprosthetic joint infection, so we could not assess the differences of D-dimer in diagnosing acute periprosthetic joint infection versus chronic periprosthetic joint infection, or hip joint infection versus knee joint infection. Thus, more large, multicenter prospective studies are needed for verification. 

Key words: bone, hip joint, knee joint, periprosthetic joint infection, D-dimer, arthroplasty, diagnosis, meta-analysis

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