中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3929-3936.doi: 10.12307/2021.104

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    

同期和分期单髁膝关节置换有效和安全性的Meta分析

王大赛1,张  扬1,程  寅2,王  强3     

  1. 1皖南医学院附属弋矶山医院,安徽省芜湖市   241000;2江苏省肿瘤医院,江苏省南京市   210000;3皖南医学院第一附属医院关节骨科,安徽省芜湖市   241000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-08 修回日期:2020-09-09 接受日期:2020-10-09 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 王强,博士,主任医师,皖南医学院第一附属医院关节骨科,安徽省芜湖市 241000
  • 作者简介:王大赛,男,1994年生,安徽省人,汉族,皖南医学院在读硕士。

Efficacy and safety of staged versus simultaneous unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis#br#

Wang Dasai1, Zhang Yang1, Cheng Yin2, Wang Qiang3   

  1. 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Wanan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China; 2Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wanan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-08 Revised:2020-09-09 Accepted:2020-10-09 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-18
  • Contact: Wang Qiang, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wanan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Wang Dasai, Master candidate, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wanan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
人工单髁膝关节:人工单髁全膝关节包括股骨假体和胫骨假体,其中股骨髁、胫骨托由金属制成,而胫骨垫和髌骨假体由超高分子量聚乙烯制成。
单髁膝关节置换:单髁膝关节置换是用人工单髁膝关节假体治疗因膝关节单侧间室病变而不能行使正常功能的膝关节,从而达到快速消除疼痛、矫正畸形及恢复功能的目的。

目的:患有双侧膝关节单侧间室骨关节炎且符合单髁膝关节置换指征的患者,其治疗方案可以分为同期或分期双侧单髁膝关节置换2种方式。为此,文章采用Meta分析法比较了同期和分期单髁膝关节置换的有效和安全性。
方法:文章在Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网及万方数据库进行检索。中文检索词包括“同期双侧”“分期双侧”和“单髁膝关节置换”;英文检索词包括“one staged”“simultaneous bilateral”“two staged”“staged bilateral”“unicompartmental knee arthroplasty”和“unicompartmental knee replacement”。检索文章类型为同期和分期单髁膝关节置换的随机对照试验,病例对照研究或队列研究。采用RevMan 5.3软件对结果数据进行Meta分析。
结果:①最终纳入24项研究,有7项为前瞻性队列研究,有17项为回顾性队列研究,有9项研究为高质量文献,有13项为中等质量文献,有2项为低质量文献;②Meta分析结果显示,分期双侧单髁膝关节置换在输血率(OR=2.93,95%CI:2.55-3.37,P < 0.000 01)、深静脉血栓形成(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.25-1.46,P < 0.000 01)、肺部并发症(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.33-1.67,P < 0.000 01)、心脏并发症(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.04-1.15,P=0.000 9)、胃肠道并发症(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.44-1.60,P < 0.000 01)、泌尿系统并发症(OR=1.18,95%CI:1.11-1.25,P < 0.000 01)、再入院率(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.06-1.47,P=0.008)和末次随访死亡率(OR=1.63,95%CI:1.42-1.87,P < 0.000 01)的临床结果上显著低于同期双侧单髁膝关节置换;③同期双侧单髁膝关节置换在ASA分级(WMD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.10至-0.06,P < 0.000 01)、血肿(OR=0.53,95%CI:0.49-0.57,P < 0.000 01)、感染(OR=0.73,95%CI:0.66-0.80,P < 0.000 01)、颅脑并发症(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.77-1.00,P=0.05)和住院费用(SMD=-5.43,95%CI:-7.13至-3.73,P < 0.000 01)方面上显著低于分期双侧单髁膝关节置换。
结论:分期双侧单髁膝关节置换可以更有效降低围术期风险,并有更低的输血率和末次随访死亡率,而同期双侧单髁膝关节置换可有效减少血肿和感染等并发症。为了进一步对比评估分期和同期双侧单髁膝关节置换的安全性和有效性,仍需要纳入更多大样本、高质量随机对照试验证据来验证。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-7899 (王大赛) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 膝, 膝关节, 单髁膝关节置换, 分期, 同期, Meta分析, 队列研究

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis who meet the indications for bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can have treatment options that can be divided into two methods: staged versus simultaneous unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Thus, meta-analysis was used to compare the efficacy and safety of simultaneous and staged unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. 
METHODS: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang were searched for studies. Retrieval words included “one staged, simultaneous bilateral, two staged, staged bilateral, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, unicompartmental knee replacement and UKA” in English and Chinese. Literature was case control study, cohort study or randomized controlled trial that included simultaneous and staged unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. 
RESULTS: (1) Totally 24 studies were included, among which 7 were prospective cohort studies and 17 were historical cohort studies. Nine items of study quality assessment were of high quality, 13 were of medium quality and 2 were of low quality. (2) The meta-analysis showed that the clinical outcomes of staged bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in blood transfusion rate (odds ratio (OR)=2.93, 95% confidence interval (CI):2.55-3.37, P < 0.000 01), deep vein thrombosis (OR=1.35, 95%CI:1.25-1.46, P < 0.000 01), pulmonary complications (OR=1.49, 95%CI:1.33-1.67, P < 0.000 01), cardiac complications (OR=1.09, 95%CI:1.04-1.15, P=0.000 9), gastrointestinal complications (OR=1.52, 95%CI:1.44-1.60, P < 0.000 01), urinary complications (OR=1.18, 95%CI:1.11-1.25, P < 0.000 01), readmission (OR=1.25, 95%CI:1.06-1.47, P=0.008) and death (OR=1.63, 95%CI:1.42-1.87, P < 0.000 01) were significantly lower than those of simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. (3) Simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty went down in ASA class (weighted mean difference (WMD)=-0.08, 95%CI:-0.10 to -0.06, P < 0.000 01), hematoma (OR=0.53, 95%CI:0.49-0.57, P < 0.000 01), infection (OR=0.73, 95%CI:0.66-0.80, P < 0.000 01), craniocerebral complications (OR=0.87, 95%CI:0.77-1.00, P=0.05) and hospital cost (standard mean difference (SMD)=-5.43, 95%CI:-7.13 to -3.73, P < 0.000 01).  
CONCLUSION: Staged bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can more effectively reduce the perioperative risk, and have a lower blood transfusion rate and mortality rate, while simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can effectively reduce hematoma and infection risk. To further compare and evaluate the safety and efficacy of staged and simultaneous bilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, larger sample, and high-quality randomized controlled trials need to be included to provide evidence for verification.

Key words: bone, knee, knee joint, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, staged, simultaneous, meta-analysis, cohort study

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