中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (41): 7771-7774.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.41.043

• 组织构建学术探讨 tissue construction academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

人体负重行走的生物力学研究及前景

宋丽华1，陈民盛2   

  1. 1吉林师范大学体育学院，吉林省四市 136000
    2深圳大学师范学院体育系，广东省深圳市  518060
  • 收稿日期:2011-04-11 修回日期:2011-08-16 出版日期:2011-10-08 发布日期:2011-10-08
  • 作者简介:宋丽华，女，1976年生，辽宁省昌图县人，汉族，1998年东北师范大学体育学院毕业，讲师，主要从事体育运动训练和高校体育教育研究。 songlihua978@ 126.com

Research prospect of biomechanics of human loading gait

Song Li-hua1, Chen Min-sheng2   

  1. 1College of Physical Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping  136000, Jilin Province, China
    2Department of Physical Education, Normal College of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen   518060, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2011-04-11 Revised:2011-08-16 Online:2011-10-08 Published:2011-10-08
  • About author:Song Li-hua, Lecturer, College of Physical Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, Jilin Province, China songlihua978@126.com

PDF

826

被引次数

20

摘要：

背景：人体背部负重行走时若背负重物过重或长时间地承担质量，容易导致一系列的损伤问题，目前有关人体负重行走状态下的生物力学研究较少。
目的：综述人体负重行走的步态参数变化、足-地反作用力变化、压力传感器及肌电的应用。
方法：由第一作者检索2005/2010 PubMed数据库及中国知网数据库有关负重、行走、背包方面的文章。英文检索词为“gait,load carriage, backpack”，中文检索词为“负重行走、背包、步态”。
结果与结论：目前对于负重行走的研究：①在研究指标上，各种指标比较单一，综合研究还不够。②在研究对象上，针对青年人群和儿童的相关研究比较多，有关士兵负重行军的研究相对较少。③在研究内容上，针对负重行走的步态研究居多，背包商业化测试较多，对产生负重损伤的生物力学机制探讨，以及足底压力变化上研究较少，对相关鞋类产品的生物力学测试关注不够。④在研究结果上，一些研究结果产生相互矛盾的结论，致使负重行走对人体步态影响的确切机制仍旧模糊不清。

关键词: 负重行走, 生物力学, 步态, 压力, 肌电

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: If human back takes too heavy objects for long time, a series of injury problems would occur. At present, there have been few studies describing the biomechanics of human loading gait.
OBJECTIVE: To review the gait parameter changes, reaction force changes, pressure sensors and EMG applications in human loading gait.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieval was performed by the first author using the key words "gait, load carriage, backpack" to search the manuscripts published between 2005-2010 describing "weight loading, walking and packpack" in Chinese and English. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The current studies regarding loading walking are concluded as follows: all indicators are relatively simple and comprehensive studies are not enough. There are more studies regarding young people and children and there are few studies regarding soldiers who bear loads in marching. There are more studies regarding weight-bearing waling gait, backpack commercial test, and there are few studies describing the biomechanical mechanism of loading-caused injury as well foot pressure change and biomechanical test of shoes. Some studies have conflicting conclusions, resulting in unclear mechanism underlying effects of loading gait on human gait.

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