中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (45): 8535-8542.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.45.033

• 干细胞学术探讨 stem cell academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞在神经创伤修复中的应用

孙 虹，翁立新   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010059
  • 收稿日期:2012-04-06 修回日期:2012-10-11 出版日期:2012-11-04 发布日期:2012-11-04
  • 通讯作者: 翁立新，硕士，副教授，硕士生导师，内蒙古医科大学，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010059 wenglixin2007@yahoo.cn
  • 作者简介:孙虹，女，1977年生，呼和浩特市人，汉族，2001年内蒙古医学院毕业，实验师，主要从事创伤修复研究。 Sunhong20080405@126.com

Stem cells for repair of traumatic nerve injury

Sun Hong, Weng Li-xin   

  1. Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2012-04-06 Revised:2012-10-11 Online:2012-11-04 Published:2012-11-04
  • Contact: Weng Li-xin, Master, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China wenglixin2007@yahoo.cn
  • About author:Sun Hong, Lab technician, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Sunhong20080405@126.com

PDF

495

被引次数

3

摘要：

背景：干细胞具有很强的增殖和分化能力，已在神经组织损伤修复方面展示了不可估量的临床应用前景。但是，目前有关神经干细胞的组织来源、定向诱导分化、移植技术和神经功能修复的功能判定等方面尚存在诸多难题。
目的：阐述干细胞在神经创伤修复中的应用研究进展。
方法：检索干细胞在神经创伤修复应用中的相关研究文献，检索词为“干细胞(stem cell)，骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells)，神经干细胞(neural stem cell)，胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell)，脂肪干细胞(adipose-derived stem cells)，脐血干细胞(umbilical cord blood stem cells)，成体干细胞(adult stem cells)，脑损伤/创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury)，脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury)，神经创伤(traumatic nerve injury)，生长因子(growth factor)，修复(repair)”，语言分别设定为中文和英文，对骨髓间充质干细胞、神经干细胞、胚胎干细胞、脐血干细胞及脂肪干细胞在神经创伤修复中的应用研究进行深入分析。
结果与结论：干细胞是一类具有自我更新、高度增殖和多向分化潜能的特殊细胞，其最显著的生物学特性是既有自我更新的能力，又具有多向分化的潜能。目前，已经从许多组织或器官中成功地分离出，其中包括胚胎干细胞，造血干细胞和骨髓间质干细胞等。此外，还有近来研究渐多的神经干细胞、肌肉干细胞、成骨干细胞、内胚层干细胞及视网膜干细胞等。干细胞的多向分化潜能为神经创伤修复开辟了新的途径，其在脑损伤以及脊髓损伤后的神经修复以及功能重建的研究方面已取得很大的进展，被认为具有广阔的应用前景，与之相关的问题均有待于进一步的研究

关键词: 干细胞, 骨髓间充质干细胞, 神经干细胞, 胚胎干细胞, 脂肪干细胞, 脐血干细胞, 成体干细胞, 脑损伤/创伤性脑损伤, 脊髓损伤, 神经创伤, 生长因子, 修复

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Stem cells are a kind of cells with the capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and in vitro proliferation and have become an ideal material for cell transplantation. At present, stem cells and regenerative medicine have become a gradually increasing area in the field of natural science. This study analyzed the advances in application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells, umbilical cord blood stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells in repair of traumatic nerve injury. However, the source, the oriented induction, transplantation and neurological repair function judgment of neural stem cells have still many problems.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the advances in application of stem cells in repair of traumatic nerve injury.
METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval was performed by the first author in SCI (Science Citation Index) database to search papers regarding the application of stem cells in the repair of traumatic nerve injury with the key words “stem cell, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cell, embryonic stem cell, adipose-derived stem cells, umbilical cord blood stem cells, adult stem cells, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, traumatic nerve injury, growth factor, repair” in both Chinese and English. The advances in application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells, umbilical cord blood stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells in repair of traumatic nerve injury were further analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cells are a kind of special cells with capacity for self-renewal, strong proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation. The self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential are the most significant biological characteristics. At present, stem cells have been successfully isolated from many tissues or organs including embryonic stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, the cells most studied in recent years include neura l stem cells, muscle stem cells, osteoblasts, endodermal stem cells and retinal stem cells. The multi-lineage differentiation potential of stem cells provides a new way for repair of traumatic nerve injury and great advances have been made in neural repair and function reconstruction after brain injury and spinal cord injury. Therefore, stem cells have wide application prospect. However, there still have some problems to be further solved.

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