中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (39): 6985-6990.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.39.019

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

微创膝关节置换的临床应用现状

高英健,王伟力   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院,上海市  200217
  • 出版日期:2013-09-24 发布日期:2013-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 王伟力,硕士生导师,主任医师,上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院骨科,上海市 200217 drwangwl@126.com
  • 作者简介:高英健★,男,1988年生,上海市人,汉族,上海交通大学医学院在读硕士,主要从事关节疾病的研究。 gyj0809@126.com

Clinical application of minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty

Gao Ying-jian, Wang Wei-li   

  1. Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai  200217, China
  • Online:2013-09-24 Published:2013-09-24
  • Contact: Wang Wei-li, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200217, China drwangwl@126.com
  • About author:Gao Ying-jian★, Studying for master’s degree, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200217, China gyj0809@126.com

摘要:

背景:随着微创技术和计算机导航辅助技术的不断进步,从理论上和实践上都具有强大的吸引力和发展前景,但在膝关节置换的应用和疗效方面仍然存在争议和误区。
目的:就微创膝关节置换的定义、适应证、禁忌证和并发症以及置换后的利与弊、计算机辅助技术的应用进行了客观的综述与评价。
方法:应用计算机检索CNKI 和PubMed 数据库中 2003至2013年关于微创膝关节置换的文章,在标题/摘要中以“微创膝关节置换,小切口膝关节置换,计算机导航膝关节置换,计算机辅助膝关节置换”或“minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty,minimal incision total knee arthroplasty,navigated total knee arthroplasty”为检索词进行检索,纳入与微创膝关节置换治疗及在计算机辅助下施行置换的相关文献,排除陈旧与重复性文献,最终纳入符合标准44篇进行总结分析。
结果与结论:膝关节疾病严重影响了患者的生活品质,微创膝关节置换是近十年发展出的新技术,给患者提供了新的选择,各项研究显示它可以令患者置换后疼痛减轻、住院花费减少、置换后康复更快等优点,尤其是计算机导航下的全膝关节置换还可以令置换后的力线更加精确,但是根据国内外文献报道,目前问题仍然较多,最突出的是假体寿命和翻修年限,这是对患者的致命打击,但微创化始终是骨科手术的发展方向

关键词: 骨关节植入物, 骨与关节综述, 关节置换, 微创, 膝关节置换, 计算机导航, 展望, 翻修

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: With the continuous development of minimally invasive techniques and computer navigation assistive technology, they have powerful attraction and development prospects in theory and practice. But there are controversies and misunderstandings in the application and efficacy of total knee arthroplasty. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and evaluate the definition indications, contraindications and complications of minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty, as well as the advantages and disadvantages after replacement and the application of computer navigation assistive technology.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieve was performed in CNKI database and PubMed database for the articles on minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty from 2003 to 2013. The key words of “minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty, minimal incision total knee arthroplasty, computer navigated total knee arthroplasty, computer assisted total knee arthroplasty” in English and Chinese were put in the title and abstract. The articles on the minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty and computer assisted total knee arthroplasty were included, and the old and repetitive articles were eliminated. Finally, 44 articles were included for review according to the inclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Knee joint diseases can seriously affect the life quality of the patients. Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty is a newly developed technique in recent ten years, which can provide a new choice for the patients. Studies have shown that minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty has the advantages of reducing postoperative pain, decreasing the direct cost and fastening the recovery. The computer navigated total knee arthroplasty can make the force line more precise after replacement. But there exist many problems according to the reports at home and abroad, especially the life and prosthesis and time for revision, those are the fatal factors for the patients. But minimally invasive surgery is the developing trend of orthopedic surgery.

Key words: arthroplasty, replacement, knee, knee joint, knee prosthesis, surgical procedures, minimally invasive

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