中国组织工程研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (30): 5490-5496.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.30.012

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

退变性脊柱侧弯的生物力学有限元分析

郑  杰1,杨永宏1,楼肃亮1,张冬生1,廖胜辉2   

  1. 1解放军第一一七医院骨一科,浙江省杭州市  310013
    2中南大学计算机系,湖南省长沙市  410012
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-05 修回日期:2013-04-06 出版日期:2013-07-23 发布日期:2013-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 杨永宏,主任医师,解放军第一一七医院骨一科,浙江省杭州市 310013 yyh117@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑杰☆,女,1975年生,河北省秦皇岛市人,汉族,2003年浙江中医药大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。 arrowrabbitjie2@126.com

Finite element analysis of degenerative scoliosis biomechanics

Zheng Jie1, Yang Yong-hong1, Lou Su-liang1, Zhang Dong-sheng1, Liao Sheng-hui2   

  1. 1First Department of Orthopedics, the PLA 117 Hospital, Hangzhou  310013, Zhejiang Province, China
    2Department of Computer Science, Central South University, Changsha  410012, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2013-03-05 Revised:2013-04-06 Online:2013-07-23 Published:2013-07-23
  • Contact: Yang Yong-hong, Chief physician, First Department of Orthopedics, the PLA 117 Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China yyh117@163.com
  • About author:Zheng Jie☆, M.D., Associate chief physician, First Department of Orthopedics, the PLA 117 Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang Province, China arrowrabbitjie2@126.com

摘要:

背景:脊柱在结构、形状、材料特性以及承受载荷方面都比较复杂,传统的生物力学方法不能完全解决这些特性问题。
目的:探讨退变性脊柱侧弯椎间盘、关节突关节、椎体等的应力分布,为其发生、发展的生物力学机制提供依据。
方法:基于退变性脊柱侧弯患者T12-S1上段连续的CT扫描图像,赋予模型特定的材料属性,建立完整、有效的退变性脊柱侧弯三维有限元模型。在前屈、后伸、左侧弯、右侧弯、左旋转、右旋转6种工况下对模型进行加载,计算和分析脊柱的活动度、椎间盘、椎体及关节突关节软骨的应力分布。
结果与结论:退变性脊柱侧弯有限元模型比正常腰椎的活动度要小,椎间盘应力分布趋向于椎间盘的四周,后伸运动时各椎间盘应力最大,侧弯顶点椎体容易出现应力集中的情况,在旋转工况下关节突软骨的应力集中最明显,后伸工况下次之,尤其以侧弯顶点节段的关节突软骨影响最大。退变性脊柱侧弯侧弯顶点容易出现应力集中,后伸、旋转运动可加重退变性脊柱侧弯发展。

关键词: 骨关节植入物, 数字化骨科, 脊柱侧弯, 椎间盘, 生物力学, 有限元, 退变, 应力分布

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Spine is relatively complex in structure, shape, material properties, and load bearing. The traditional biomechanical method cannot solve these problems.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the stress distribution of intervertebral disc, zygapophysial joints and vertebral body of degenerative scoliosis, and to provide accordance to the biomechanical mechanism of degenerative scoliosis occurrence and development.
METHODS: Based on the successive CT images of spinal column from T12 to superior segment of S1 of degenerative scoliosis patients, the special material properties were attributed to the model to form the integrated and effective three-dimensional finite element model of degenerative scoliosis. The model was loaded on the anteflexion, extension, left lateral bending, right lateral bending, left rotation and right rotation conditons. Then the spinal activity and the stress distribution of intervertebral disc, vertebral body and articular cartilage of zygapophysial joints were calculated and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The spinal activities of degenerative scoliosis finite element model were less than those of common lumbar spine. The stress distribution of intervertebral disc was inclined to the verge of it and the greatest stress was appeared on the extension motion. The apex of scoliosis was the place of stress concentration and the obvious stress concentration of articular cartilage of zygapophysial joints was appeared on the rotation motion, then followed by the extension motion, especially that of articular cartilage of zygapophysial joints on the apex of scoliosis. Stress concentration is easily appeared on the apex of scoliosis, and the extension and rotation motion can aggravate the development of degenerative scoliosis.

Key words: bone and joint implants, digital orthopedics, scoliosis, intervertebral disc, biomechanics, finite element, degeneration, stress distribution

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