中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (17): 2716-2722.doi: 10.12307/2024.483

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

石墨烯及其衍生物对血管生成和血管化骨的影响机制

高  丽1,刘  浏2,任文燕1,刘  雪1,王一宇1   

  1. 1济宁医学院口腔医学院,山东省济宁市  272067;2南京医科大学口腔疾病研究江苏省重点实验室,南京医科大学口腔医学院放射科,江苏省南京市  210029
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-24 接受日期:2023-10-07 出版日期:2024-06-18 发布日期:2023-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 王一宇,硕士,讲师,济宁医学院口腔医学院,山东省济宁市 272067
  • 作者简介:高丽,女,2000年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,主要从事口腔医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    济宁市重点研发计划项目(2021YXNS032),项目负责人:刘雪;济宁医学院大学生创新训练计划项目(cx2021131),项目负责人:任文燕

Influential mechanism of graphene and its derivatives on angiogenesis and vascularized bone

Gao Li1, Liu Liu2, Ren Wenyan1, Liu Xue1, Wang Yiyu1   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China; 2Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research, Nanjing Medical University, Department of Radiology, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-08-24 Accepted:2023-10-07 Online:2024-06-18 Published:2023-12-15
  • Contact: Wang Yiyu, Master, Lecturer, School of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Gao Li, School of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Research and Development Plan Project of Jining City, No. 2021YXNS032 (to LX); Jining Medical University Students Innovation Training Program Project, No. cx2021131 (to RWY)

摘要:


文题释义:

石墨烯及其衍生物:石墨烯是紧密堆积在二维蜂窝状晶格中一层扁平的碳原子单层,具有良好的光学性、导电性、力学性、低毒性、抗菌性、生物相容性和稳定性,其衍生物氧化石墨烯和还原氧化石墨烯等,具备与石墨烯类似的性能。石墨烯及其衍生物的研究工作进展十分迅速,其在生物医药领域中具有较大的应用潜力。
血管生成:是由原有血管发展成新血管的过程,主要包括激活期血管基底膜降解,血管内皮细胞的激活、增殖和迁移,重建形成新的血管及血管网,是一个涉及多种细胞因子和分子机制的复杂过程,对癌症、缺血性心血管疾病、伤口愈合和炎症等许多重要疾病都有广泛的影响。


背景:石墨烯是最薄、最强韧的一类二维新型晶体材料,在生物医学的应用中显示出巨大的优势。血管生成和血管化骨是组织修复和再生的关键,是解决血管和成骨问题的有效途径。

目的:综述石墨烯及其衍生物促进血管生成和血管化骨的特性及机制,为其在血管化组织修复与再生的临床应用提供参考。
方法:利用计算机检索PubMed、ScienceDirect、中国知网和万方数据库收录的相关文献,中文检索词为“石墨烯,血管生成,血管化,血管化骨,内皮细胞”,英文检索词为“graphene,Angiogenesis OR Vascularization,Vascularized bone,endothelial cells”。排除与文章主题不相关的文献,根据纳入标准和排除标准,最终纳入62篇文献进行结果分析。

结果与结论:①目前氧化石墨烯在石墨烯及其衍生物中的研究较多,应用最为广泛。②石墨烯及其衍生物适用于心脏、骨、神经和创伤愈合等相关疾病。③石墨烯及其衍生物有优异的理化性能和生物学性能,但其存在潜在的细胞毒性,在应用中需注意其生物安全性。④石墨烯及其衍生物的应用还需要进一步的研究来证明其最适尺寸和浓度及降低毒性的措施。⑤就细胞层面而言,石墨烯及其衍生物可以通过促进尖端内皮细胞表型、间充质干细胞黏附和增殖、血管平滑肌细胞的生长,从而促进血管生成活性。⑥就分子层面而言,石墨烯及其衍生物可以增加血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子及肝细胞生长因子等的表达并活化活性氧/一氧化氮合酶/一氧化氮信号通路、溶血磷脂酸R6/Hippo-YAP通路、基质细胞衍生因子1/血管内皮生长因子和ZEB1/Notch1通路。⑦氧化石墨烯和氧化石墨烯-铜可以磷酸化细胞外调节蛋白激酶并激活缺氧诱导因子1,进而促进血管内皮生长因子和骨形态生成蛋白2的表达上调,从而促进血管生成和血管化骨。⑧因此,石墨烯及其衍生物特别是氧化石墨烯由于具有优良的生物学性能、良好的促血管生成及促血管化骨能力,在血管化组织修复与再生方面有很大的应用前景。

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3688-0751(高丽);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7417-3065(王一宇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 石墨烯及其衍生物, 血管化, 血管生成, 血管化骨, 内皮细胞, 支架材料, 分子机制, 信号通路

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Graphene is the thinnest, strongest, and toughest type of two-dimensional new crystal material, demonstrating significant advantages in biomedical applications. Angiogenesis and vascularization of bone are key factors in tissue repair and regeneration, and are effective ways to address vascular and osteogenic issues. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the characteristics and mechanisms of graphene and its derivatives in promoting angiogenesis activity and vascularizing bone, in order to provide a reference for their clinical application in vascular tissue repair and regeneration. 
METHODS: Using a computer to search for relevant literature included in PubMed, ScienceDirect, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, the Chinese search terms were “grapheme”, “angiogenesis, vascularization”, “vascularized bone”, and “endothelial cells”, while the English search terms were “graphene” “angiogenesis OR vascularization” “vascularized bone” “endothelial cells”. After excluding literature unrelated to the topic of the article, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 62 articles were ultimately included for result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At present, graphene oxide has been studied more and is the most widely used in graphene and its derivatives. (2) Graphene and its derivatives are suitable for heart, bone, nerve, and wound healing related diseases. (3) Graphene and its derivatives have excellent physical and chemical properties and biological properties, but they have potential cytotoxicity. We should pay attention to its biological safety in application. (4) The application of graphene and its derivatives requires further research to demonstrate the optimal size and concentration and measures to reduce toxicity. (5) On the cellular level, graphene and its derivatives can promote angiogenic activity by tip endothelial cell phenotype, mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and proliferation, and vascular smooth muscle cell growth. (6) On the molecular level, graphene and its derivatives can increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor and activate reactive oxygen species/nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide signaling pathway, lysophosphatilate R6/Hippo-YAP pathway, stromal cell-derived factor-1/vascular endothelial growth factor and ZEB 1/Notch1 pathway. (7) Grapheme oxide and graphene oxide-copper phosphorylated extracellular regulatory protein kinase and activated hypoxia-inducible factor-1, thereby promoting the up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression, and promoting angiogenesis and vascularized bone. (8) In summary, graphene and its derivatives, especially graphene oxide, have great application prospects in the repair and regeneration of vascularized tissues due to their excellent biological properties, good angiogenesis and vascularized bone ability.

Key words: graphene and its derivatives, vascularization, angiogenesis, vascular bone, endothelial cell, scaffold material, molecular mechanism, signaling pathway

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