中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 804-812.doi: 10.12307/2024.243

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

金属离子促血管生成机制及在骨组织工程中的应用

王嘉旎,陈俊宇   

  1. 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学中心,四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-19 接受日期:2023-03-15 出版日期:2024-02-18 发布日期:2023-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 陈俊宇,副教授,硕士生导师,口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学中心,四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:王嘉旎,女,2004年生,汉族,主要从事血管化组织工程学方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81901060,82270961),项目负责人:陈俊宇;中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2021T140483),项目负责人:陈俊宇

Angiogenesis mechanism of metal ions and their application in bone tissue engineering

Wang Jiani, Chen Junyu   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2022-12-19 Accepted:2023-03-15 Online:2024-02-18 Published:2023-08-17
  • Contact: Chen Junyu, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jiani, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81901060, 82270961 (to CJY); Special Funded Project of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2021T140483 (to CJY)

摘要:


文题释义:

金属离子的成血管活性:部分金属离子,如铜、镁离子等,可通过上调血管内皮生长因子的表达等途径调控血管生成,从而促进血管化的过程。金属离子的成血管活性受到其浓度的影响,不同浓度的金属离子对于血管生成的作用存在较大差异,高浓度的金属离子一般具有细胞毒性,而低浓度的金属离子具有成血管效应。
骨组织工程:自体的骨髓基质干细胞等细胞经过体外扩增后,种植在具有良好生物相容性的细胞支架或细胞外基质上,从而制得一个有助于细胞黏附的支架。这种含有细胞的支架可为植入部位提供营养物质,促进组织细胞间的气体交换和废物的排出,目前广泛地用于骨组织缺损的修复。


背景:多种金属离子因具有良好的血管生成活性,并参与成骨中血管新生等生理过程,在骨组织工程领域的研究和应用正日益深入。

目的:系统性阐释铜(Cu2+)、镁(Mg2+)、锶(Sr2+)、锌(Zn2+)、钴(Co2+)离子的促血管生成机制及其在骨组织工程的应用现状和主要治疗的疾病类型。
方法:2位作者利用PubMed和中国知网数据库检索2017-2022年间发表的文献,中文检索词为“铜离子,镁离子,锶离子,锌离子,钴离子,骨,血管生成”;英文检索词为“copper,cuprum,Cu,magnesium,Mg,strontium,Sr,zinc,Zn,cobalt,Co,metal ion,angiogenesis,bone”。通过阅读标题、摘要对所得文献进行初筛,排除不相关文献后,最终纳入114篇文献进行综述。

结果与结论:①金属离子可以通过作用于血管内皮生长因子、缺氧诱导因子、血管生成相关基因、内皮细胞以及对巨噬细胞进行免疫调节等途径调控血管生成。②铜、镁、锶、锌、钴等金属离子因具有显著的血管生成效应,常用于组织工程支架的性能改善,其中水凝胶、生物陶瓷和合成聚合物材料目前应用较为广泛,镁及其合金也因其优良的承重能力颇具优势,但这些材料均存在一些缺陷,目前暂时没有一种理想的骨替代材料。③不同的离子作用特点如下:铜具有抗菌、成血管和成骨等性能,主要用于感染及肿瘤等引起的骨缺损;镁、锌具有较强的生物降解性,需要对降解速率进行控制;镁具有腐蚀性,主要以合金形式应用;锌的成血管机制涉及较少;镁、锶用于治疗骨质疏松性骨缺损效果显著。④以上5种金属离子(铜、镁、锶、锌、钴)具有显著的促血管生成作用,也通过成血管来促进成骨,个别离子如铜离子具有杀菌作用,这些金属离子可以作为治疗肿瘤、骨质疏松症、感染和创伤等引起的骨缺损的新策略,但是目前的临床试验和产品的应用性研究相对不足。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6467-1941(王嘉旎);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1717-5782(陈俊宇)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 金属离子, 铜, 镁, 锶, 锌, 钴, 血管生成, 骨再生, 骨科植入物, 骨组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Owing to excellent angiogenesis activity and their participation in the physiological processes such as angiogenesis in osteogenesis, the researches and applications of a variety of metal ions are getting deeper in the field of bone tissue engineering.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically explain the mechanism of angiogenesis of different metal ions such as copper ion (Cu2+), magnesium ion (Mg2+), strontium ion (Sr2+), zinc ion (Zn2+), cobalt ion (Co2+) and their current research situation as well as application in the treatment of diseases in the field of bone tissue engineering. 
METHODS: The two authors used PubMed and CNKI to search the literature published between 2017 and 2022 with the search terms “copper ion, magnesium ion, strontium ion, zinc ion, cobalt ion, bone, angiogenesis” in Chinese and “copper, cuprum, Cu, magnesium, Mg, strontium, Sr, zinc, Zn, cobalt, Co, metal ion, angiogenesis, bone” in English. After reading titles and abstracts, the articles were initially screened, and irrelevant articles were excluded. Finally, 114 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Metal ions can regulate angiogenesis by acting on vascular endothelial growth factors, hypoxia-inducible factors, angiogenesis-related genes, endothelial cells and conducting immune regulation of macrophages. (2) Metal ions such as copper, magnesium, strontium, zinc and cobalt are often used to improve the performance of tissue engineering scaffolds due to their significant angiogenic effect. Among them, hydrogels, bioceramics and synthetic polymer materials are widely used at present, and magnesium and its alloys also have advantages due to their excellent bearing capacity. However, these materials all have some defects. Currently, there is no ideal bone replacement material. (3) Various metal ions show different application potentials in bone replacement materials: Copper has antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic properties, and is mainly used for bone defects caused by infection and tumors. Magnesium and zinc have strong biodegradability, so the degradation rate should be controlled. Magnesium is corrosive and is mainly used as an alloy. The angiogenesis mechanism of zinc is less involved. Magnesium and strontium are effective in treating osteoporotic bone defects. (4) The above five metal ions (copper, magnesium, strontium, zinc and cobalt) have a significant role in promoting angiogenesis and then promote osteogenesis through angiogenesis. Some ions, such as copper ions, have a bactericidal effect. These ions can be used as a new strategy for the treatment of bone defects caused by tumors, osteoporosis, infection and trauma, but the current clinical trials and application studies of products are relatively insufficient.

Key words: metal ion, copper, magnesium, strontium, zinc, cobalt, angiogenesis, bone regeneration, orthopedic implant, bone tissue engineering

中图分类号: